<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Defence organisations are unique in that they comprise integrated military and civilian personnel working in partnership with each other (e.g., in headquarters, on bases, on missions, in academic settings). Many defence civilians are supervised by military supervisors and managers, while others are themselves responsible for managing military personnel. At the same time, despite often high levels of partnership and integration, military and civilian personnel are governed by very different personnel management systems, and have distinct cultures. These factors can affect the nature and quality of the collaboration and influence personnel outcomes and organisational effectiveness. Indeed, defence organisations are increasingly recognizing the importance of optimizing integration between their military and civilian workforces, with many adopting organisational terms implying that the military and civilian workforces form a cohesive whole: the <italic>Defence Team</italic> (Canada), the <italic>Whole Force Concept</italic> (United Kingdom), <italic>One Defence Team</italic> (Sweden), and <italic>Total Defence Workforce</italic> (New Zealand).This paper presents results from the Military–Civilian Personnel Survey (MCPS), which was administered in 11 nations as part of a NATO Research Task Group on the topic of military-civilian personnel collaboration and integration (NATO STO HFM RTG-226). This survey was the first systematic examination of large samples of military and civilian respondents, and the first to examine military–civilian relations from the perspective of both military and civilian personnel. The results presented here are based on three open-ended questions included in the survey, which asked respondents to identify 1) the most important factors for establishing and maintaining positive military-civilian personnel work culture and relations, 2) the challenges of working in a military-civilian environment, and 3) the main advantages of working in a military-civilian environment. Results of 5 nations, including Canada, Netherlands, New Zealand, Sweden, and the United Kingdom (<italic>n</italic> =1,513 military respondents and <italic>n</italic> = 2,099 defence civilians) are presented. Results indicate that mixed military-civilian work environments present both unique challenges and advantages, and identified the factors considered to be important for enhancing integration and collaboration between military and civilian personnel. Given that many cross-national patterns emerged, these findings provide useful insights for enhancing military and civilian personnel integration and collaboration across nations.*Adapted from the material first reported in Goldenberg, I. &amp; Febbraro, A.R. (2018; in publication). <italic>Civilian and Military Personnel Integration and Collaboration in Defence Organizations</italic>. NATO Science and Technology Organization Technical Report - STO-TR-HFM-226. DOI 10.14339/STO-TR-HFM-226. ISBN: ISBN 978-92-837-2092-8.</abstract>

Defence organisations are unique in that they comprise integrated military and civilian personnel working in partnership with each other (e.g., in headquarters, on bases, on missions, in academic settings). Many defence civilians are supervised by military supervisors and managers, while others are themselves responsible for managing military personnel. At the same time, despite often high levels of partnership and integration, military and civilian personnel are governed by very different personnel management systems, and have distinct cultures. These factors can affect the nature and quality of the collaboration and influence personnel outcomes and organisational effectiveness. Indeed, defence organisations are increasingly recognizing the importance of optimizing integration between their military and civilian workforces, with many adopting organisational terms implying that the military and civilian workforces form a cohesive whole: the Defence Team (Canada), the Whole Force Concept (United Kingdom), One Defence Team (Sweden), and Total Defence Workforce (New Zealand).This paper presents results from the Military–Civilian Personnel Survey (MCPS), which was administered in 11 nations as part of a NATO Research Task Group on the topic of military-civilian personnel collaboration and integration (NATO STO HFM RTG-226). This survey was the first systematic examination of large samples of military and civilian respondents, and the first to examine military–civilian relations from the perspective of both military and civilian personnel. The results presented here are based on three open-ended questions included in the survey, which asked respondents to identify 1) the most important factors for establishing and maintaining positive military-civilian personnel work culture and relations, 2) the challenges of working in a military-civilian environment, and 3) the main advantages of working in a military-civilian environment. Results of 5 nations, including Canada, Netherlands, New Zealand, Sweden, and the United Kingdom (n =1,513 military respondents and n = 2,099 defence civilians) are presented. Results indicate that mixed military-civilian work environments present both unique challenges and advantages, and identified the factors considered to be important for enhancing integration and collaboration between military and civilian personnel. Given that many cross-national patterns emerged, these findings provide useful insights for enhancing military and civilian personnel integration and collaboration across nations.*Adapted from the material first reported in Goldenberg, I. & Febbraro, A.R. (2018; in publication). Civilian and Military Personnel Integration and Collaboration in Defence Organizations. NATO Science and Technology Organization Technical Report - STO-TR-HFM-226. DOI 10.14339/STO-TR-HFM-226. ISBN: ISBN 978-92-837-2092-8.

Integrated defence workforces: Challenges and enablers of military–civilian personnel collaboration

Journal of Military Studies

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

Defence organisations are unique in that they comprise integrated military and civilian personnel working in partnership with each other (e.g., in...

	Canada		The Netherlands		New Zealand		Sweden		The United Kingdom		Total
	Military	Civilian	Military	Civilian	Military	Civilian	Military	Civilian	Military	Civilian	Military	Civilian
N Age (years)	663	1,149	490	444	396	274	213	85	386	981	2,148	2,933
16–24	2.1	0.3	–	–	22.4	0.8	–	1.2	5.2	0.9	6.0	0.5
25–34	20.7	8.3	13.3	10.6	22.9	12.9	1.4	15.5	21.1	8.6	17.8	9.3
35–44	34.4	17.4	24.2	22.3	28.2	21.3	26.9	28.6	31.8	14.8	30.0	17.8
45+	42.8	74.0	62.5	67.0	26.6	65.0	71.6	54.8	41.9	75.7	46.2	72.4
Sex
Male	82.1	57.4	90.9	74.1	81.6	61.2	96.7	47.6	87.5	59.8	86.2	60.1
Female	17.9	42.6	9.1	25.9	18.4	38.8	3.3	52.4	12.5	40.2	13.8	39.9
Years of Service
<4	3.6	20.3	1.4	6.0	4.2	8.0	–	24.1	7.4	9.6	8.1	15.6
5–14	27.7	26.5	15.6	33.7	21.7	34.6	6.2	34.9	21.3	37.1	25.0	30.8
15–24	30.5	18.2	21.2	15.4	37.1	37.6	30.6	12.0	31.1	23.4	25.2	19.1
25+	38.2	35.0	61.7	44.9	20.3	11.8	63.2	28.9	40.2	29.9	41.8	33.4

Integrated defence workforces: Challenges and enablers of military–civilian personnel collaboration

Article Category: Research Article

Publié en ligne: 31 déc. 2019

Pages: 28 - 45

Reçu: 26 sept. 2018

Accepté: 23 août 2019

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jms-2019-0004

Mots clés
Defence Team, Whole Force Concept, One Defence Team, Total Defence Workforce, military-civilian collaboration

© 2019 Goldenberg et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

Fig. 1

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Fig. 4

Fig. 5

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Military–civilian personnel survey: sample characteristics by nation

Integrated defence workforces: Challenges and enablers of military–civilian personnel collaboration

Article Category: Research Article

Publié en ligne: 31 déc. 2019

Pages: 28 - 45

Reçu: 26 sept. 2018

Accepté: 23 août 2019

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jms-2019-0004

Mots clésDefence Team, Whole Force Concept, One Defence Team, Total Defence Workforce, military-civilian collaboration

© 2019 Goldenberg et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Fig. 4

Fig. 5

Fig. 6

Military–civilian personnel survey: sample characteristics by nation

Mots clés
Defence Team, Whole Force Concept, One Defence Team, Total Defence Workforce, military-civilian collaboration