Open Access

Histopathological evaluation of polycaprolactone nanocomposite compared with tricalcium phosphate in bone healing

Hadi Eftekhari
Hadi Eftekhari
, 
Alireza Jahandideh
Alireza Jahandideh
, 
Ahmad Asghari
Ahmad Asghari
, 
Abolfazl Akbarzadeh
Abolfazl Akbarzadeh
 and 
Saeed Hesaraki
Saeed Hesaraki
   | Oct 23, 2018
Journal of Veterinary Research's Cover Image
About this article
Previous Article
Next Article
Cite
Published Online: Oct 23, 2018
Page range: 385 - 394
Received: Feb 01, 2018
Accepted: Sep 26, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2018-0055
Keywords
© 2018 H. Eftekhari et al. published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Fig. 1

Microscopic view of healing area in control group on day 15. It shows abundant capillary buds (arrows) in granulation tissue (H&E, 100×)
Microscopic view of healing area in control group on day 15. It shows abundant capillary buds (arrows) in granulation tissue (H&E, 100×)

Fig. 2

Microscopic view of healing area in tricalcium phosphate (TCP) group on day 15. It shows abundant calcified cartilage (arrow) (H&E, 100×)
Microscopic view of healing area in tricalcium phosphate (TCP) group on day 15. It shows abundant calcified cartilage (arrow) (H&E, 100×)

Fig. 3

Microscopic view of healing area in hydroxyapatite (HA) group on day 15.It shows fibrous tissue (arrow) (H&E, 100×)
Microscopic view of healing area in hydroxyapatite (HA) group on day 15.It shows fibrous tissue (arrow) (H&E, 100×)

Fig. 4

Microscopic view of healing area in PCL group on day 15. It shows primary bone (arrows) formation (H&E, 100×)
Microscopic view of healing area in PCL group on day 15. It shows primary bone (arrows) formation (H&E, 100×)

Fig. 5

Microscopic view of healing area in control group on day 30. It shows abundant fibrous tissue (arrows) filling marrow space (H&E, 100×)
Microscopic view of healing area in control group on day 30. It shows abundant fibrous tissue (arrows) filling marrow space (H&E, 100×)

Fig. 6

Microscopic view of healing area in tricalcium phosphate (TCP) group on day 30. Primary bones (arrow) are being produced (H&E, 100×)
Microscopic view of healing area in tricalcium phosphate (TCP) group on day 30. Primary bones (arrow) are being produced (H&E, 100×)

Fig. 7

Microscopic view of healing area in hydroxyapatite group on day 30. Calcified cartilage (arrow) in the mature granulation tissue (H&E, 100×)
Microscopic view of healing area in hydroxyapatite group on day 30. Calcified cartilage (arrow) in the mature granulation tissue (H&E, 100×)

Fig. 8

Microscopic view of healing area in PCL group on day 30. Woven bones (arrows) are being produced (H&E, 100×)
Microscopic view of healing area in PCL group on day 30. Woven bones (arrows) are being produced (H&E, 100×)

Fig. 9

Microscopic view of healing area in control group on day 45. Bone deposition within cartilage (star) at healing site shows primary (arrows) ossification (H&E, 100×)
Microscopic view of healing area in control group on day 45. Bone deposition within cartilage (star) at healing site shows primary (arrows) ossification (H&E, 100×)

Fig. 10

Microscopic view of healing area in tricalcium phosphate (TCP) group on day 45. Lamellar bone formation (arrows) in healing site is shown (H&E, 100×)
Microscopic view of healing area in tricalcium phosphate (TCP) group on day 45. Lamellar bone formation (arrows) in healing site is shown (H&E, 100×)

Fig. 11

Microscopic view of healing area in hydroxyapatite group on day 45. The defect is filled with primary bone (arrows) and well-formed marrow (star) (H&E, 100×)
Microscopic view of healing area in hydroxyapatite group on day 45. The defect is filled with primary bone (arrows) and well-formed marrow (star) (H&E, 100×)

Fig. 12

Microscopic view of healing area in PCL group on day 45. The defect is filled with lamellar (arrows) bone (H&E, 100×)
Microscopic view of healing area in PCL group on day 45. The defect is filled with lamellar (arrows) bone (H&E, 100×)

Statistical analysis of union index

Group Day153045
Control0.2 ± 0.4471 ± 0.7072 ± 0.707
Hydroxyapatite0.8 ± 0.8362 ± 0.7072.6 ± 0.894
β-tricalcium phosphate1 ± 0.7072.6 ± 1.143.4 ± 0.894
Nanocomposite polycaprolactone1.8 ± 0.8363.4 ± 0.5473.8 ± 0.447

Statistical analysis of bone marrow index

Day
Group153045
Control0.2 ± 0.4471 ± 0.7071.4 ± 0.547
Hydroxyapatite1 ± 0.7071.4 ± 0.5472.4 ± 0.547
β-tricalcium phosphate1.4 ± 0.5471.8 ± 0.8362.8 ± 0.447
Nanocomposite polycaprolactone1.6 ± 0.5472.4 ± 0.5473.4 ± 0.547

Average union indices

GroupnumberAverage scoreTest statisticsdfSig
54
Control57.99.00920.011
512.1
54.1
Hydroxyapatite58.67.13820.028
511.3
53.7
β-tricalcium
58.88.25820.016
phosphate
511.5
53.4
Nanocomposite
9.50820.009
polycaprolactone59.2
511.4

Average spongiosa indices

GroupnumberAverage scoreTest statisticsdfSig
54.5
Control57.38.42220.015
512.2
54.2
Hydroxyapatite5710.81820.004
512.8
53.4
β-tricalcium phosphate5811.48220.003
512.6
53.4
Nanocomposite58.99.78920.007
polycaprolactone511.7

Average bone marrow indices

GroupsnumberAverage scoresTest statisticsdfSig
54.20
Control58.807.02320.030
511
55
Hydroxyapatite56.907.73620.021
512.10
55
β-tricalcium phosphate577.28020.26
512
53.90
Nanocomposite57.7010.09220.006
polycaprolactone
512.40

Statistical analysis of cortex index

Group Day153045
Control0.2 ± 0.4471 ± 0.7071.8 ± 0.447
Hydroxyapatite0.6 ± 0.5471.4 ± 0.5472.2 ± 0.836
β-tricalcium phosphate1.4 ± 0.5472 ± 0.7073.2 ± 0.836
Nanocomposite polycaprolactone1.8 ± 0.8362.8 ± 0.8363.6 ± 0.547

Average cortex indices

GroupnumberAverage scoreTest statisticsdfSig
54
Control588.9620.011
512
55
Hydroxyapatite56.97.80820.02
512.1
54.2
β-tricalcium phosphate58.28.07620.018
511.6
54.2
Nanocomposite7.59120.022
polycaprolactone58.1
511.7

Statistical analysis of spongiosa index

Group Day153045
Control0.2 ± 0.4470.8 ± 0.8362 ± 0.707
Hydroxyapatite0.6 ± 0.5471.2 ± 0.4472.8 ± 0.836
β-tricalcium phosphate1 ± 0.7072.2 ± 0.4473.2 ± 0.447
Nanocomposite polycaprolactone1.4 ± 0.5473 ± 13.8 ± 0.447
eISSN:
2450-8608
Language:
English
Publication timeframe:
4 times per year
Journal Subjects:
Life Sciences, Molecular Biology, Microbiology and Virology, other, Medicine, Veterinary Medicine
Journal RSS Feed