Network knowledge gathering of international new ventures, approaches, and preconditions

Features	Unintentional knowledge gathering	Intentional knowledge gathering
Learning dimension	Typical for noticing; common also in case of vicarious learning and experiential learning	Typical for searching; common also in case of vicarious learning and experiential learning
Newness of knowledge gathered	Both new knowledge and knowledge similar to the existing one	Rather knowledge similar to the existing one
Prerequisites	Depending on the entrepreneur's prior habits, beliefs, and willingness to make sense of unexpected knowledge	Depending on prior knowledge
Procedures of learning	Informal	Both formal and informal
Speed	Relatively slow	Relatively fast
Approach to learning	Reactive	Proactive

Code tree	L4.1.1 Relationship abuse	L4.1.2 Relationship profiting	L4.2.1 Unintentional
L4.1.2 Relationship profiting	0
L4.2.1 Unintentional	2	19
L4.2.2 Intentional	10	17	8

Company	(A)	(B)	(C)	(D)
Respondents	R1-Vice PresidentR2-MarketingSpecialist	R1-PresidentR2-Marketing Specialist	R1-Sales DirectorR2-Marketing Specialist	R1-PresidentR2-Sales Specialist
Industry	Manufacturing	Manufacturing	Manufacturing	Manufacturing
Year of founding	1991	2000	2010	2007
Internationalization beginning - years after founding	3	2–3	1–2	2–3
% of export in total turnover	More than 90%	More than 25%	50%–70%	More than 30%
INV type	Export start-up	Export start-up	Export start-up	Multinational trader
Company size	Medium	Medium	Medium	Small

Codes	Company									Total

	A			B		C		D

	R1	R1	R2	R1	R2	R1	R2	R1	R2
L Learning	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	1
L1 Learning sources	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
L1.1 Information from network partners	2	5	1	1	7	0	2	2	0	20
L1.2 Information from clients	2	0	0	1	6	2	1	2	0	14
L1.3 Information from competitors	0	0	0	1	2	0	0	1	0	4
L1.4 Internal research-and-development	1	0	0	0	2	2	0	2	2	9
L1.5 Formalized information	1	3	2	1	1	2	2	1	0	13
L1.6 Others	1	1	0	3	3	3	1	3	0	15
L2 Knowledge types used in strategic decisions	0	0	0	1	0	1	0	0	0	2
L3 Learning role	1	1	3	0	0	0	0	1	0	6
L4 Network knowledge-gathering approach	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
L4.1 Relationship approach	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
L4.1.1 Relationship abuse	0	7	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	8
L4.1.2 Relationship profiting	2	2	1	2	7	3	1	2	0	20
L4.2 Intentionality	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
L4.2.1 Unintentional	3	4	2	2	4	0	0	0	0	15
L4.2.2 Intentional	2	9	0	1	4	2	2	2	0	22
Total	15	32	9	15	36	15	9	16	2	149

Publication timeframe:: 4 times per year
Journal Subjects:: Business and Economics, Political Economics, Economic Theory, Systems and Structures, Business Management, Management Accounting, Financial Controlling, Cost Calculation, Investment