[Ahtee, M., & Salonen, M. (1995). The implementation of a new science-based curriculum and its effects on the school community in a Finnish primary school. In K. Hämäläinen, D. Oldroyd & E. Haapanen (Eds.), Making school improvement happen (pp. 40-51). Helsinki: Department of Teacher Education, Vantaa Institute for Continuing Education, University of Helsinki.]Search in Google Scholar
[Baleghizadeh, S. (2010). Focus on form in an EFL communicative classroom. Retrieved July 30, 2010, from http://www.novitasroyal.org/Vol_4_1/baleghizadeh.pdf]Search in Google Scholar
[Barber, M., & White, J. (1997). Introduction. In J. White & M. Barber (Eds.), Perspectiveson school effectiveness and school improvement (pp. 23-35). London: Institute of Education University of London.]Search in Google Scholar
[Bayne-Jardine, C. (1994). Supporting self-development schools. In C. Bayne-Jardine & P. Holly (Eds.), Developing quality schools (pp. 1-15). London: The Falmer Press.]Search in Google Scholar
[Bolam, R. and McMahon, A. (2004). Literature, definitions and models: Towards a conceptual map. In C. Day & J. Sachs (Eds.), International handbook on thecontinuing professional development of teachers. Berkshire: Open University Press.]Search in Google Scholar
[Brown, H. D. (1994). Teaching by principles: An interactive approach to languagepedagogy. London: Prentince Hall.]Search in Google Scholar
[Clark, C. M. (1995). Thoughtful teaching. London: Cassell.]Search in Google Scholar
[Cotton, K., & Conklin, N. F. (n.d.). Research on early childhood education. Retrieved July 5, 2008, from http://www.nwrel.org/scpd/sirs/3/topsyn3.html]Search in Google Scholar
[Day, C., & Sachs, J. (Eds.). (2004). International handbook on the continuing professional development of teachers (pp. 3-32). Berkshire: Open University Press.]Search in Google Scholar
[Eraut, M. (1994). Development of professional knowledge and competence. London: Falmer Press.]Search in Google Scholar
[Federal Republic of Nigeria. (2004). National policy on education. Federal Government Press: Lagos.]Search in Google Scholar
[Kautto-Koivula, K. (1996). Degree-oriented adult education in the work environment. In P. Ruohotie & P. P. Grimmett (Eds.), Professional growth and development: Direction,delivery and dilemmas (pp. 149-188). Canada and Finland: Career Education Books.]Search in Google Scholar
[Kerry, T., & Wilding, M. (2004). Effective classroom teacher: Developing the skills youneed in today’s classroom. London: Pearson Education.]Search in Google Scholar
[Kirschner, P. A., & Thijssen, J. (2005). Competency development and employability. LL inE longlife Learning in Europe, 10(2), 70-75.]Search in Google Scholar
[Lockheed, M. E., & Verspoor, A. M. (1990). Improving primary education in developingcountries. New York: Oxford University Press.]Search in Google Scholar
[Maxwell, J. A. (1996). Qualitative research design: An interactive approach. London: Sage Publications.]Search in Google Scholar
[Mingat, A., & Sosale, S. (2003). Assessing policy options for teacher training and pay. In A. Mingat, J. Tan & S. Sosale (Eds.), Tools for education policy analysis. New York: World Bank.]Search in Google Scholar
[Nonoyama-Tarumi, Y., & Bredenberg, K. (2009). Impact of school readiness program interventions on children′s learning in Cambodia. International Journal ofEducational Development, 29(1) 39-45.]Search in Google Scholar
[OECD (2002). Education policy analysis. Paris: OECD.10.1787/epa-2002-en]Search in Google Scholar
[Okwubunka, S. (1994): Career strategies for youths. Makurdi: Onaivi Printing and Publishing Co.]Search in Google Scholar
[Ololube, N. P. (2005a). Benchmarking the motivational competencies of academically qualified teachers and professionally qualified teachers in Nigerian secondary schools. The African Symposium, 5(3), 17-37.]Search in Google Scholar
[Ololube, N. P. (2005b). School effectiveness and quality improvement: Quality teaching in Nigerian secondary schools. The African Symposium, 5(4), 17-31.]Search in Google Scholar
[Ololube, N. P. (2006). Teacher education, school effectiveness and improvement: A study ofacademic and professional qualification on teachers’ job effectiveness in Nigeriansecondary schools. Unpublished doctoral dissertation. University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.]Search in Google Scholar
[Ololube, N. P. (2007). The relationship between funding, ICT, selection processes, administration and planning, and the standard of science teacher education program in Nigeria. Asia-Pacific Forum on Science Learning and Teaching, 8(1), Article 4. Retrieved from http://www.ied.edu.hk/apfslt/v8_issue1/ololube/.]Search in Google Scholar
[Ololube, N. P. (2009). Understanding professional competencies for educationeffectiveness. Owerri: SpringField Publishers.]Search in Google Scholar
[Ololube, N. P., Egbezor, D. E., & Kpolovie, P. J. (2008). Education policies and teacher education programs: Meeting the millennium development goals. Journal of TeacherEducation for Sustainability, 9, 21-34.10.2478/v10099-009-0016-3]Search in Google Scholar
[Ololube, N. P., Kpolovie, P. J., & Egbezor, D. E. (2009). Education policy analysis: The need to accelerate and redesign early childhood education preparation programs. International Journal of Education, Economics and Development, 1(2), 118-141.10.1504/IJEED.2009.029304]Search in Google Scholar
[Ololube, N. P., & Ubogu, A. E. (2008). ICTs and distance education: The Nigerian experience. In A. Cartelli & M. Palma (Eds.), Encyclopaedia of information andcommunication technology (pp. 396-400). Hershey, PA.: Information Science Reference.]Search in Google Scholar
[Orellana, E. P. (n.d). The communicative approach in English as a foreign languageteaching. Retrieved July 31, 2010, from http://www.monografias.com/trabajos18/thecommunicative-approach/the-communicative-approach.shtml]Search in Google Scholar
[Owens, R. G. (2004). Organizational behaviour in education: Adaptive leadership andschool reform (8th ed.). Boston: Pearson Education.]Search in Google Scholar
[Pillai, R. (2001). Teachers must engage is active capacity building. UNESDOC: On-line UNESCO documents.]Search in Google Scholar
[Poetter, T. S. (1997). Voices of inquiry in teacher education. Contributors. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.]Search in Google Scholar
[Scheerens, J. (1992). Process indicators of school functioning. The OECD internationaleducation indicators: A framework for analysis. Paris: OECD.]Search in Google Scholar
[Scheerens, J. (2000). Fundamentals of educational planning: Improving schooleffectiveness. Paris: UNESCO.]Search in Google Scholar
[Shulman, L. S. (1987). Knowledge and teaching: Foundation of new reform. HarvardEducational Review, 57, 1-22.]Search in Google Scholar
[Song, M., & Young, T. V. (2008). Reading: Policy, politics and processes. Charlotte, NC: Information Age Publishing.]Search in Google Scholar
[Umoh, S. (2006). Why standard of education is falling? Retrieved September 23, 2009, from http://www.thisdayonline.com/nview.php?id=37172F]Search in Google Scholar
[Uzodinma, E. C. C., & Akinware, M. (2001). Early childhood education: Indicators in thestructure and content of the educational system of Nigeria. A paper presented at the World Forum Holding at Athens, Greece, 27-30 April, 2001.]Search in Google Scholar
[Wheldall, K., & Glynn, T. (1989). Effective classroom learning: A behaviouralinteractionist approach to teaching. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.]Search in Google Scholar
[Willis, S. L., & Dubin, S. S. (Eds.). (1990). Maintaining professional competence. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Publishers.]Search in Google Scholar
[Wylie, C., & Thompson, J. (2003). The long-term contribution of early childhood education to children′s performance - evidence from New Zealand. International Journal ofEarly Years Education, 11(1), 69-78.]Search in Google Scholar
