<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Ketamine and magnesium can interact in additive, supra-additive and antagonistic manners in analgesia or anesthesia. Ketamine is a non-competitive NMDA receptor antagonist. Magnesium is an endogenous non-competitive NMDA antagonist that causes anion channel blockade in a dose-dependent manner. It has been established that ketamine and magnesium interact synergistically in the tail-immersion test in rats.To determine the role of serotonergic, GABAergic and noradrenergic systems in analgesia induced by the ketamine-magnesium sulfate combination.Experiments were performed on male Wistar albino rats (200-250 g). Antinociception was evaluated by the tail-immersion test.Methysergide (0.5 and 1 mg/kg, sc) administered alone did not affect nociception in rats. Methysergide (0.5 and 1 mg/kg, sc) antagonized the antinociceptive effect of the ketamine (5 mg/kg)-magnesium sulfate (5mg/kg) combination. Bicuculline (0.5 and 1 mg/kg, sc) given alone did not change the threshold to thermal stimuli in rats. Bicuculline (0.5 and 1 mg/kg, sc) antagonized the antinociceptive effect of the ketamine (5 mg/kg)-magnesium sulfate (5 mg/kg) combination. Yohimbine (0.5, 1 and 3 mg/kg, sc) applied alone did not change nociception. Yohimbine at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg did not influence the effect of ketamine (5 mg/kg)-magnesium sulfate (5 mg/kg), while yohimbine at doses of 1 and 3 mg/kg antagonized the antinociceptive effect of this combination.Serotonergic, noradrenergic and GABAergic systems participate, at least in part, in the antinociceptive effect of the ketamine-magnesium sulfate combination in acute pain in rats.</abstract>

Ketamine and magnesium can interact in additive, supra-additive and antagonistic manners in analgesia or anesthesia. Ketamine is a non-competitive NMDA receptor antagonist. Magnesium is an endogenous non-competitive NMDA antagonist that causes anion channel blockade in a dose-dependent manner. It has been established that ketamine and magnesium interact synergistically in the tail-immersion test in rats.To determine the role of serotonergic, GABAergic and noradrenergic systems in analgesia induced by the ketamine-magnesium sulfate combination.Experiments were performed on male Wistar albino rats (200-250 g). Antinociception was evaluated by the tail-immersion test.Methysergide (0.5 and 1 mg/kg, sc) administered alone did not affect nociception in rats. Methysergide (0.5 and 1 mg/kg, sc) antagonized the antinociceptive effect of the ketamine (5 mg/kg)-magnesium sulfate (5mg/kg) combination. Bicuculline (0.5 and 1 mg/kg, sc) given alone did not change the threshold to thermal stimuli in rats. Bicuculline (0.5 and 1 mg/kg, sc) antagonized the antinociceptive effect of the ketamine (5 mg/kg)-magnesium sulfate (5 mg/kg) combination. Yohimbine (0.5, 1 and 3 mg/kg, sc) applied alone did not change nociception. Yohimbine at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg did not influence the effect of ketamine (5 mg/kg)-magnesium sulfate (5 mg/kg), while yohimbine at doses of 1 and 3 mg/kg antagonized the antinociceptive effect of this combination.Serotonergic, noradrenergic and GABAergic systems participate, at least in part, in the antinociceptive effect of the ketamine-magnesium sulfate combination in acute pain in rats.

Involvement of serotonergic, noradrenergic and gabaergic systems in the antinociceptive effect of a ketamine-magnesium sulfate combination in acute pain

Department of Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine

Clinical Centre of Serbia, Institute for Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology

Acta Veterinaria

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Ketamine and magnesium can interact in additive, supra-additive and antagonistic manners in analgesia or anesthesia. Ketamine is a non-competitive NMDA...

Involvement of serotonergic, noradrenergic and gabaergic systems in the antinociceptive effect of a ketamine-magnesium sulfate combination in acute pain

Published Online: Mar 27, 2018

Page range: 108 - 118

Received: Jun 16, 2017

Accepted: Dec 28, 2017

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/acve-2018-0009

Keywords
analgesia, bicuculline, ketamine, magnesium, methysergide, yohimbine

© 2018 Savić Vujović Katarina et al., published by De Gruyter Open

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Involvement of serotonergic, noradrenergic and gabaergic systems in the antinociceptive effect of a ketamine-magnesium sulfate combination in acute pain

Published Online: Mar 27, 2018

Page range: 108 - 118

Received: Jun 16, 2017

Accepted: Dec 28, 2017

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/acve-2018-0009

Keywordsanalgesia, bicuculline, ketamine, magnesium, methysergide, yohimbine

© 2018 Savić Vujović Katarina et al., published by De Gruyter Open

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Keywords
analgesia, bicuculline, ketamine, magnesium, methysergide, yohimbine