Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of nasal obstruction symptom evaluation questionnaire in Slovenian language
Article Category: Original scientific article
Published Online: Jul 28, 2016
Page range: 18 - 23
Received: Dec 16, 2015
Accepted: May 26, 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/sjph-2017-0003
Keywords
© National Institute of Public Health, Slovenia
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.
Figure 1
NOSE (the original questionnaire).
| Not a problem | Very mild problem | Moderate problem | Fairly bad problem | Severe problem | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | |
| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | |
| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | |
| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | |
| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
Cross-cultural adaptation (phases and steps leading to adapted and validated QoL tool).
Cross-cultural adaptation of the original NOSE questionnaire in five steps, according to emerging guidelines ( Two experts in rhinology blinded one to another translated the original NOSE questionnaire. A third expert reviewed both translations and created a new version. A fourth expert reviewed it, blinded to both initial versions. The latest version was sent to a translator with no medical background to form and backtranslate. A board of experts (3 rhinologists, 1 audiologist, 3 general ENT consultants, 1 family medicine practitioner, 1 ENT specialist in training, 1 non-medical translation consultant) reviewed results and synthesized the final version of NOSE-si. It was proofread, and the final report was created. | |
| The pilot phase consisted of submitting NOSE-si to a limited number (n=33) of patients in the study group and control group. | |
| Both the study and control group were enrolled. Retesting was scheduled 7-14 days after the initial testing for the study group and controls (90 patients). Patients had to fill out the same questionnaire and send it back to the researchers. | |
| The postintervention test in the study group (90 days after surgery - submucosal resection of nasal septum). |
Clinical characteristics of study patients.
| Study group | Control group | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 15 (25.7%) | 27 (46.6%) | ||
| 43 (74.3%) | 31 (53.4%) | 0.004 Fisher’s Exact test | |
| 37.8 (± 13.92) | 40.1 (± 14.43) | 0.452 Independent samples Mann Whitney U test | |
| 25.21 (± 4.19) | 22.85 (± 3.86) | 0.003 Independent samples Mann Whitney U test | |
| 16 (27.6%) | 14 (24.1%) | 0.832 Fisher’s Exact test | |
| 70.52 (± 15.46) | 3.97 (± 5.9) | <0.001 T-test | |
NOSE-si correlation (inter-item and item-total correlation; original NOSE field names are used).
| Inter-Item Correlation Matrix | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal congestion or stuffiness | Nasal blockage or obstruction | Trouble breathing through my nose | Trouble sleeping | Unable to get enough air through my nose during exercise or exertion | |
| 1.000 | 0.916 | 0.899 | 0.822 | 0.881 | |
| 0.916 | 1.000 | 0.909 | 0.844 | 0.887 | |
| 0.899 | 0.909 | 1.000 | 0.851 | 0.875 | |
| 0.822 | 0.844 | 0.851 | 1.000 | 0.800 | |
| 0.881 | 0.887 | 0.875 | 0.800 | 1.000 | |