<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><sec id="j_abm-2018-0010_s_005_w2aab3b7b9b1b6b1aab1c17b1Aa"><h3>Background</h3><p>Understanding the contribution of efflux pumps to the resistance of antibiotics is useful when considering strategies for antimicrobial therapy.</p></sec><sec id="j_abm-2018-0010_s_006_w2aab3b7b9b1b6b1aab1c17b2Aa"><h3>Objectives</h3><p>To assess the role of efflux activity on the resistance of antibiotics commonly used in hospitals.</p></sec><sec id="j_abm-2018-0010_s_007_w2aab3b7b9b1b6b1aab1c17b3Aa"><h3>Methods</h3><p>We analyzed the efflux activity of 120 clinical isolates of <italic>Acinetobacter baumannii</italic> using an Hoechst 33342 (H33342) dye-accumulation assay. We compared the indicators for efflux activity of susceptible and non-susceptible groups of each of 16 tested antibiotics. To determine the role of efflux activity on resistance to an antibiotic, we used 3 criteria based on the results of the H33342-accumulation assay.</p></sec><sec id="j_abm-2018-0010_s_008_w2aab3b7b9b1b6b1aab1c17b4Aa"><h3>Results</h3><p>The evaluation suggests that efflux activity contributed to resistance to the following 11 antibiotics: cefepime, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, imipenem, meropenem, piperacillin, piperacillin/tazobactam, ticarcillin/ clavulanic acid, and tigecycline. However, ampicillin/sulbactam, minocycline, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole did not meet the criteria, suggesting resistance may not be mediated by efflux activity. A significant difference in efflux activity was observed between bacteria belonging to the multidrug-resistant <italic>Acinetobacter baumannii</italic> (MDRAB) group and those belonging to the non-MDRAB group.</p></sec><sec id="j_abm-2018-0010_s_009_w2aab3b7b9b1b6b1aab1c17b5Aa"><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Efflux activity may contribute to multidrug resistance and particularly resistance to numerous antibiotics used in hospitals. These antibiotics would be good candidates for combination therapeutic regimens consisting of an antibiotic and an efflux pump inhibitor as an adjuvant to combat drug efflux.</p></sec></abstract>

BackgroundUnderstanding the contribution of efflux pumps to the resistance of antibiotics is useful when considering strategies for antimicrobial therapy.ObjectivesTo assess the role of efflux activity on the resistance of antibiotics commonly used in hospitals.MethodsWe analyzed the efflux activity of 120 clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii using an Hoechst 33342 (H33342) dye-accumulation assay. We compared the indicators for efflux activity of susceptible and non-susceptible groups of each of 16 tested antibiotics. To determine the role of efflux activity on resistance to an antibiotic, we used 3 criteria based on the results of the H33342-accumulation assay.ResultsThe evaluation suggests that efflux activity contributed to resistance to the following 11 antibiotics: cefepime, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, imipenem, meropenem, piperacillin, piperacillin/tazobactam, ticarcillin/ clavulanic acid, and tigecycline. However, ampicillin/sulbactam, minocycline, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole did not meet the criteria, suggesting resistance may not be mediated by efflux activity. A significant difference in efflux activity was observed between bacteria belonging to the multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (MDRAB) group and those belonging to the non-MDRAB group.ConclusionsEfflux activity may contribute to multidrug resistance and particularly resistance to numerous antibiotics used in hospitals. These antibiotics would be good candidates for combination therapeutic regimens consisting of an antibiotic and an efflux pump inhibitor as an adjuvant to combat drug efflux.

Screening antibiotics using an Hoechst 33342 dye-accumulation assay to detect efflux activity in <italic>Acinetobacter baumannii</italic> clinical isolates

Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine

Asian Biomedicine

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

Screening antibiotics using an Hoechst 33342 dye-accumulation assay to detect efflux activity in  clinical isolates

BackgroundUnderstanding the contribution of efflux pumps to the resistance of antibiotics is useful when considering strategies for antimicrobial...

Screening antibiotics using an Hoechst 33342 dye-accumulation assay to detect efflux activity in Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates

Article Category: Brief communication

Published Online: Mar 21, 2018

Page range: 371 - 378

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/abm-2018-0010

Keywords
antibacterial agents, bacterial, drug resistance, efflux, Hoechst 33342, multiple, role

© 2017 In-Sun Choi, Choon-Mee Kim, Sook-Jin Jang

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

Screening antibiotics using an Hoechst 33342 dye-accumulation assay to detect efflux activity in Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates

Article Category: Brief communication

Published Online: Mar 21, 2018

Page range: 371 - 378

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/abm-2018-0010

Keywordsantibacterial agents, bacterial, drug resistance, efflux, Hoechst 33342, multiple, role

© 2017 In-Sun Choi, Choon-Mee Kim, Sook-Jin Jang

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

Keywords
antibacterial agents, bacterial, drug resistance, efflux, Hoechst 33342, multiple, role