<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><italic>Introduction</italic>: Since strength and endurance training has become very popular, we aimed to assess the possibility of hypoxemia determined in peripheral blood during exercise, starting from the hypothesis that a relatively large muscle mass would have a protective effect.<italic>Aim:</italic> Hypoxemia can cause serious illness and therefore we consider it useful to investigate the occurrence of this phenomenon during exercises of strength or endurance.<italic>Methods:</italic> The preliminary study was conducted on 8 subjects, both trained and untrained. With a Beurer pulse oximeter, heart rate and oxygen saturation of the capillary blood were measured before, during, and at the end of strength, or endurance or endurance combined with strength training.<italic>Results</italic>: The results have shown that hypoxemia occurs only under the conditions of high intensity training, which alternates endurance with strength exercises, simultaneously with decreasing heart rate, only in trained subjects and with relatively low muscle mass.<italic>Conclusions</italic>: The decrease in oxygen saturation in the peripheral blood occurs simultaneously with that of heart rate and it seems that large muscle mass has a protective effect on oxygen desaturation.</abstract>

Physical Education, Sports Club “Let's Move”

Preliminary data on low peripheral blood oxygen levels induced by physical effort

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><italic>Aim:</italic> The goal of this research is to improve the educational training process in Physical Education and Sport through the development of agility.<italic>Methods:</italic> The research was conducted in two secondary schools in Mures County (Măgherani Secondary School and “Mátyus István” Chibed Secondary School) during February and April 2017 on a class of 32 pupils. Subjects were divided in two groups, the control group and the experiment group. As Agility Testing Methods we used the Compass Drill Test and the Arrowhead Drill Test; both tests are part of “SPARQ” - the acronym for Speed, Power, Agility, Reaction and Quickness.<italic>Results:</italic> Our results indicate that by using specific agility development exercises, the results of experiment group have increased significantly (p = 0.0000103) compared to control group. In the latter case we used speed exercise only and therefore the increase of results was insignificant (p = 0.17).</abstract>

Improving secondary school curricula through the development of agility

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><italic>Aim:</italic>This article is a starting point for a much wider research towards sensations and communication channels.<italic>Methods</italic>: Our research has taken place over four months and has had 50 participants, students fromPhysical Education and Sport Faculty andFine Arts Faculty. The questionnaire used contained closed and open questions alongside standard questions. The results obtained from the research were statistically and graphically represented using SPSS Data Editor.<italic>Results</italic>: We obtained statisticallysignificant results forthe first hypothesis, namely that the participants studying fine arts will have more accurate visual feelings than those studyingsports andphysical education.</abstract>

The specifics of sensations and perceptions in students from different faculties

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><italic>Background</italic>: Some specialists have said that leaders are born, some said that they are made, but regardless of what you believe, finding the right leader can be very important to a sport team performance. The leader can be chosen by the coach, but is not always accepted by the team. So, we believe that it is important for the leader of the team to be elected by the members of the group; knowing the relationships between the members of a group can help build strong connections and good group cohesion.<italic>Aim</italic>: The present study evaluates the connections within a volleyball team, establishing the sympathy relationships, mutual choice or rejection between players. These relationships can reveal our group dynamics, structure and hierarchy, so after analyzing those factors we can determine the group leader, the marginalized individuals and group cohesion and status of each member in the team. We also tried to find out if the formal leader named by the coach matches the leader of the group and if improving the relationships within our volleyball team and finding the right leader can improve the performance of our team. The group included 12 mini volleyball players, aged 10-12, that play in the women’s national youth championship.<italic>Methods</italic>: We used the observational method, the survey method and the socio-metric test.<italic>Results:</italic> The results of our research showed that the socio-metric test confirmed our presumptions and we can see that leaders of our group are DC (3), with a social index of 1, and GI (5), with a social index of 0.55. The cohesiveness of our group is good, with 7 mutual election and 5 mutual rejections, the coefficient of group cohesion is 0.11, and the Index of group cohesion is 0.03.<italic>Conclusions:</italic> The conclusions of our study showed that our group has the right leader and good cohesiveness.</abstract>

National University of Physical Education and Sport

Department of Environmental Science, Physics, Physical Education and Sport

Discovering the leader of a volleyball team using the sociometric survey method

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><italic>Introduction</italic>: We started from the idea that the association of dietary supplements recommended by specialists and approved by the World Anti-Doping Agency with natural honey-based products, is beneficial for improving body composition and effort capacity in elite rugby players. The main purpose of this study was to determine the type of carbohydrates with the most beneficial effects for recovery and performance.<italic>Materials and methods</italic>: The study lasted 30 days and included 30 rugby players from SCM Timisoara Saracens Rugby team. They were randomly divided into 2 groups: the study group who consumed dietary supplements based on apiculture and herbal products, along with classical nutritional supplements and the control group that only used classical supplements. With the help of the InBody 720 Body Composition Analyzer, we evaluated the body composition parameters, and the player’s ability to repeatedly perform high-intensity aerobic work was established with the intermittent Recovery Level 2 YO-YO test.<italic>Results</italic>: The results show a significant increase in the average running distance in the fitness test for the study group (p = 0.021) and also for the control group (p = 0.008), with a considerable difference between the groups in terms of running distance (increase by 300 meters versus 208 meters in the control group) but without a significant difference between groups at the end of the study (p = 0.789). Improvements in body composition parameters were found in both groups, but significant differences between groups occurred only in terms of extracellular fluids/total body fluids ratio (p = 0.047) and extracellular water/total water ratio (p = 0.042). The study group showed a significant decrease in total body fat (p = 0.054) and visceral fat area (p = 0.002) and an increase in extracellular water (p = 0.013). The control group experienced a significant decrease in body fat and body fat percentage (p = 0.013 and p = 0.017 respectively), and increase in terms of skeletal muscle mass (p = 0.03), intracellular water (p = 0.03) and total water = 0.032).<italic>Conclusion</italic>: The results of this study highlight the importance of the type and quality of nutritional supplements in professional athletes training.</abstract>

Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timișoara

Banat’s University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine “King Mihail I of Romanian” from Timisoara

Dietary supplements and exercise capacity in professional rugby players

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><italic>Introduction</italic>: In physical and sports education, the effort dosing is essential for achieving the goals and is managed by altering the effort parameters and correlating these with a certain type of rest, respecting the physical norms of the body. According to a study, analyzing and comparison of “The Gauss curve” during a physical education and sport lesson, the expected rising of the effort curve was denied during its first 3 stages. Especially between stage 2 (Preparation of the body for effort) and stage 3 (Selective influence of the locomotive apparatus) there is a decrease of the heart rate. During the sports lessons, we recorded for 10 hours the heart rate of 10 children from 2 different classes of the same grade, 5-A and 5-B, creating one control group (of 5 boys) and one experimental group (5 boys). For the experimental group we recorded for 10 different classes, interchanging stages 2 with 3, more exactly, the stage “Selective influence of the locomotive apparatus” was done before the stage “Preparation of the body for effort”, and for the control group we also recorded for 10 different classes, but they performed the normal sports lesson, following the stages in chronological order.<italic>Objective of the study</italic>: The objective of this research was to discover/identify if the effort curve follows an ascendant trajectory during the first 3 stages and a descendant curve during the last 3, by analyzing the heart rate for each stage during the physical education and sports lesson.<italic>Material and methods</italic>: The data was collected using 5 - Polar M400 watches and 5 - H7 chest bands, during sport lessons inside the School “Aghiresu Fabricii” from Cluj-Napoca. After the recorded data of the heart rates were analyzed, we observed the differences between the classic sport lesson and the one with the stages 2 and 3 reversed, for the 5th grade subjects.<italic>Results</italic>: By comparing the data obtained from the recordings, it was found that there are some differences between the classical physical education lesson and that in which interventions were made in the second and third stages, as a result of the change in heart rate values in the investigated subjects.<italic>Conclusion</italic>: Analyzing the two groups in which we had different approaches in the physical education and sports lesson, it is denied that in the classical lesson we have a curve of ascending effort in the first stages. As a result of the reversal of the two-to-three stages, an ascending curve – the Gaussian Curve – is achieved through which an optimal adaptation to effort is made in the fundamental part of the physical education and sports lesson.</abstract>

The evolution of the physical effort curve during the physical education and sports lesson

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Drug abuse among athletes is a current and very important issue, both ethically and in terms of health risks. In addition to the drugs prescribed for the treatment of some diseases, athletes can also use substances that artificially increase their performance, such as: stimulants, anabolics, opioids, erythropoietin, diuretics as well as substances used to mask the prohibited substances.<italic>The aim</italic> of this study is to review the data from the literature about the use of various drugs by athletes, for therapeutic purposes, or to increase sports performance.<italic>Methods:</italic> We identified several studies using the on-line databases, and the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Searches were limited to full-text English-language journal articles published between 2003 and 2014.<italic>Results:</italic> After the primary analyses we selected a total of 30 relevant studies on this topic.Even if there is progress in detecting prohibited substances that increase sports performance, doping prevalence persists in sport.<italic>Conclusion</italic>: In order to prevent and disrupt drug abuse, appropriate measures should be taken by physicians and coaches, such as warning about the risks of doping, appropriate training, appropriate nutrition and an appropriate psychological approach.</abstract>

Aspects regarding the use of drugs among athletes

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><italic>Introduction:</italic> Training individualization is a key element for optimal sports performance and protection of the athlete’s health. The training program should be adjusted according to each athlete's characteristics and should be based on data obtained using proper evaluation. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) is considered the gold standard for aerobic exercise capacity assessment and provides an increased quantity of information in regard to body reaction to effort, offering a complete perspective over the O2 transportation system and its utilization in metabolic processes.The aim of this study was to highlight the importance of a scientific approach regarding the physical training, starting from junior level.<italic>Methods:</italic> For a 3 years period (2013 - 2016) we followed the evolution of a professional cyclist (14 years old at baseline), in terms of cardiopulmonary parameters. During this period, he was tested 5 times and he followed a special training program adapted according the tests results. The CPET was performed in the laboratory using a stationary electronically braked cycle ergometer (Lode Corival, Netherland) and a breath by breath gas analyzer device (Cortex Metalyzer 3B, Germany).<italic>Results:</italic> We observed an improvement trend in almost all parameters investigated during the 3 years evaluation period. Comparing post-season records from 2013 and 2016, we noticed an increase of 54% in maximal aerobic power and 50% in peak oxygen uptake at anaerobic threshold and an even greater increase (59%) of these parameters at maximal effort achieved during CPET. After these 3 years of training we observed a significant improvement of ventilatory efficiency and cardiac performance during exercise.<italic>Conclusions:</italic> The study indicate that proper training adaptation according to data obtained using CPET, can bring an important progress in terms of performance.</abstract>

Smart training equals performance

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><italic>Introduction:</italic> A child turns into a well-defined personality after a long educational process based on a curriculum, a process that is the first step on a learning path. The kindergarten, as Florinda Golu states, is “the first institution that ensures an intense learning process through a methodic activity framed in a play, effort, and interrelation regimen. This leads to acquisitions and progress in the cognitive, affective and psychomotor fields of a pre-school child”. [6, pg.140]<italic>The aim</italic> of this paper is to amend the instructive and educational process at pre-school level by developing the psychomotor activities/physical education (PE) lessons through using the physical exercises as a main resort for a harmonious physical development.<italic>Materials and methods:</italic> The experiment took place at the P.P. no.9 Kindergarten during the 2015-2016 school year, and included 30 children from the upper preschool group, 17 girls and 13 boys, aged 5-6. The test used included the following: somatic evaluation and motricity evaluation.<italic>Results:</italic> After applying the motricity evaluation content proposed in the paper, and after the initial and final testing (five motricity tests), we were able to see an amendment in the indices we tested for, and through direct observation we detected a “self-overcoming” will power in the children. These aspects validate the proposed hypothesis.<italic>Conclusions:</italic> The progress was materialized in: number of repetitions, centimeters, and number of points scored – they further strengthened our determination that balanced physical development exercises at this age (5-6) have a positive influence on the correct posture of children, that they make up the basis of general movement, and that they enhance the values of motricity indexes.</abstract>

Contribution of harmonious physical development exercises to increase bio-motor process at preschool children

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Timisoara Physical Education and Rehabilitation Journal

 Timisoara Physical Education and Rehabilitation Journal will publish high quality manuscripts covering the entire area of it´s interdisciplinary content; our first goal is to arouse the readers interest about the importance of physical education in order to maintain a good and healthy life of individuals as well as of the population; we also pay attention to prevention, assessment and rehabilitation in pathology, especially in those related to physical activity. The Editorial and Scientific Boards will especially encourage the publication of research studies.Timisoara Physical Education and Rehabilitation Journal is an open access journal which means that all content is freely available without charge to the user or his/her institution. Users are allowed to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of the articles in this journal without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author. This is in accordance with the BOAI definition of open access. Why subscribe and read    High standard contents  Good publishing quality available in both forms, electronic and printed  Wide range of subjects concerning sport science, physical therapy and rehabilitation    Why submit    Fast, reliable and constructive peer reviews written by the experts  High quality editing  Indexed in four international databases    Rejection Rate   About 10-20%   Archiving  Sciendo archives the contents of this journal in Portico - digital long-term preservation service of scholarly books, journals and collections.  Plagiarism Policy  The editorial board is participating in a growing community of Similarity Check System's users in order to ensure that the content published is original and trustworthy. Similarity Check is a medium that allows for comprehensive manuscripts screening, aimed to eliminate plagiarism and provide a high standard and quality peer-review process. 

Timisoara Physical Education and Rehabilitation Journal

Volume 11 (2018): Issue 20 (September 2018)

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