<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<sec><h3>Introduction</h3><p>The COVID-19 pandemic represented a great reset in terms of how we work; it affected all organizational levels and brought up unexpected challenges, forcing a lot of workers to shift into working from home. A home office may not be suitable for IT professionals as it is not usually designed ergonomically for long-term use. This study <italic>aimed</italic> to explore the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on IT professionals’ physical health who hypothetically deal with non-ergonomic workstations at home and with modified workloads.</p></sec>
<sec><h3>Material and method</h3><p>The research was conducted based on PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyzes) methodology. The scientific material was selected through a search in PubMed, Scopus, Clarivate Analytics, and Google Scholar databases; the eligible studies were published in 2020 and 2021, involved IT professionals who shifted to home office due to the COVID-19 pandemic and analysed the physical health issues related to these changes.</p></sec>
<sec><h3>Results</h3><p>Physical health outcomes as neck pain and other musculoskeletal complaints, along with increased stress and anxiety, as mental issues, were reported in most of the participants interviewed in the selected studies; the musculoskeletal complaints were strongly influenced by the unexpected changes that came along with working from home in terms of workload and workstations. On the other hand, having a room dedicated to professional activities, an ergonomic workstation, knowing how to adjust the workstation, and increased satisfaction with indoor environmental quality factors in the workspaces were associated with a lower chance of developing new health problems during this period.</p></sec>
<sec><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The present study confirms that in the case of IT professionals there is a strong association between working from home, poor ergonomic workstations and high prevalence of musculoskeletal complaints, and, especially, an increased occurrence of neck pain.</p></sec>
</abstract>

Physical Therapist, PhD Student, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports, CCSSEFK

Assistant professor PhD MD, Department of Rehabilitation, Physical Medicine and Rheumatology, Research Center for Assessment of Human Motion, Functionality and Disability „Victor Babeș”

University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timișoara

Professor PhD MD PT, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports, CCSSEFK

The impact of home office setup due to COVID-19 pandemic on IT professionals′ physical health: a systematic review

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<sec><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Home confinement during the COVID-19 pandemic reduced the physical activity level and exacerbated other unhealthy behaviours such as vices and eating disorders. This study analyses the risk factors predisposing to weight gain in young adults during COVID-19 home confinement.</p></sec>
<sec><h3>Material and method</h3><p>Four hundred thirty-three students, aged between 19 and 25, participated in an online survey to understand the factors associated with weight gain. The following lifestyle dimensions were investigated in a regression model: physical activity, personal experiences, occupation, risk of vices.</p></sec>
<sec><h3>Results</h3><p>We have found significant associations between weight gain (as a dependent variable), and frequency of physical activity (p = 0.009), occupational performance (p = 0.002), and alcohol consumption (p = 0.002). Male respondents are more likely to have gained weight during isolation. For an increase of one unit in the frequency of playing sports, we expect an odd of 0.25 (p = 0.048) for the respondents’ weight loss. Moreover, if the occupational performance increases by one unit, a weight decrease by a rate of 0.52 (p =0.02) is expected.</p></sec>
<sec><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>In conclusion, young adults less engaged in physical activity, who assessed their occupational performance as lower, and who consumed alcohol more often during home confinement are the most likely to have gained weight.</p></sec>
</abstract>

Lecturer PhD PT, Department of Physical Therapy and Special Motricity, CCSSEFK

Professor PhD MD PT, Faculty of Physical Education Sports, CCSSEFK

Lecturer PhD, Sociology Department, Centrul de Cercetare şi Dezvoltare Socială (ICDS)

Student, Fitness and Athletic Performance Masteral Program, Department of Physical Education and Sports

Assistant Professor PhD MD PT, Department of Internal Medicine

”Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timișoara

Associate Professor PhD PT, Department of Physical Therapy and Special Motricity, CCSSEFK

Professor PhD MD PT, Department of Physical Therapy and Special Motricity, CCSSEFK

Factors Predisposing to Weight Gain in Young Adults during COVID-19 Home Confinement

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<sec><h3>Introduction</h3><p>As in all team sports, lower limb power is an important quality of any player. Especially when it comes to volleyball, a game that relies on jumping performance on almost every action except reception. Another crucially important quality of the lower limbs is dynamic stability. Without the latter, the frequency of injuries rises, and that is something any coach or player wants to avoid. The question arises: Are the two qualities related?</p></sec>
<sec><h3>Aim</h3><p>The study aimed to investigate the correlation between lower limb power and force measured using an inertial flywheel training/measuring device and dynamic stability evaluated through the Y balance test.</p></sec>
<sec><h3>Material and method</h3><p>The Y balance test was used for evaluating the lower limb dynamic stability of 8 Romanian volleyball players. In addition, using an inertial flywheel training system (kBox 4 Pro, Exxentric, Sweden) and kMeter II measuring device the following parameters where measured: average force AvF (N), average power AvP (W), concentric peak power ConPP (W), eccentric peak power EccPP(W). The relative peak power RPP (W/kg) was calculated by dividing concentric peak power by the weight of the volleyball player. The subjects performed 8 maximal squats using the kBox harness and the L (0,05 kgm<sup>2</sup>) flywheel</p></sec>
<sec><h3>Results</h3><p>Composite reach distance (CRD) means for the lower limbs have been compared using the t-test and although there is a difference of 1.8%, it isn’t significant, (p&lt;0,001). We have found a direct correlation between the average composite reach distance and relative peak power (r=0.71, p=0.045) and also with the average power (r=0.75, p=0.032) of the lower limbs. The composite reach distance for the right leg correlates with the relative peak power (r=0.73, p=0.036); average force (r=0.73, p=0.039), and average power (r=0.77, p=0.024). For the left leg, however, the only correlation found with the CRD is the average power (r=0.75, p=0.044).</p></sec>
<sec><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The medium composite reach distance CRDM is directly correlated with the average lower limb power and relative peak power but due to the small sample size, the power of this effect is unknown. CRDR (right leg) significantly correlates with relative peak power, average power but also with average force whereas CRDL (left leg) only correlates with average power. This does not come as a surprise because all the subjects are right side dominant. There is no significant difference between CRDR and CRDL p&lt;0.001. This is quite important because stability asymmetries of the lower limbs may lead to injury.</p></sec>
</abstract>

Assistant Professor, PhD student, West University of Timișoara

Associate Professor, PhD, University of Babeș-Bolyai

Relationship between lower limb power and dynamic stability in volleball players

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<sec><h3>Introduction</h3><p>The development and diversification of digital technologies in modern era has got a tremendous influence in the field of Physical Education too.</p><p>This research‘s purpose is to examine the previous studies conducted upon the usage of these diverse digital technologies in the instructive and educational process for the subject of Physical Education.</p></sec>
<sec><h3>Methods</h3><p>Six electronic databases have been used to select the articles that include the usage of digital technologies for the Physical Education school subject. After applying the exclusion criteria, there have been selected and evaluated 26 scientific articles indexed during the years 2015 – 2016.</p></sec>
<sec><h3>Results</h3><p>We can notice that the worldwide technology evolution has contributed to the progressive growth of research regarding the usage of digital technologies even for the field of Physical Education. It was established that the technologies used for the lessons can improve the motor or moving skills and can improve the students motivational level for the Physical Education lessons. The current research also shows that digital technologies can be regarded as a way to involve students in cooperating with their peers. Important studies also refer to investigating the effects that short videos have upon the instructive and educational process itself as well as upon the students evaluation during the Physical Education classes. Using digital technologies (iPads, smartphones, tablets, audio players, computers and apps) doesn’t necessarily involves giving up to the traditional methods, but furthermore, using them simultaneously, can improve the entire learning process, increasing the quality of the lessons and attracting the students towards the Physical Education classes. The article also presents some barriers that can appear in the process of integrating these digital technologies into the lessons. We notice that combining more learning methods of teaching (the reverse learning method with different games, learning by following instructions given with the help of augmented reality, integrating different ways of playing) in the course of Physical Education can bring benefits upon the motor abilities or movements performed by students.</p></sec>
<sec><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>In most of the studies that were analysed it can be noticed that positive results in the instructive and educational process were obtained in regard of improving the motor skills, the students learning abilities and motivation as a result of merging and integrating different digital technologies in the Physical Education classes.</p></sec>
</abstract>

PhD Student, West University of Timisoara

Associate Professor, West University of Timisoara

The Use of Digital Technologies in the Physical Education Lesson: A Systematic Analysis of Scientific Literature

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<sec><h3>Aim</h3><p>The purpose of this review is to summarize the scientific literature that examined the importance of physical activity programs in the development of body scheme in primary school students by identifying methods and tests used to test body scheme on motor development, spatial-temporal orientation and coordination.</p></sec>
<sec><h3>Method</h3><p>Using the electronic databases Research Gate and Web of Science, we searched for articles using key words, including terms related to methods, intervention plan, children’s age and body schemes. We selected only those that followed the influences of an intervention plan on children.</p></sec>
<sec><h3>Results</h3><p>We selected 30 articles regarding the development of the body scheme, the spatial-temporal orientation and the coordination through an activity plan. The study results in the three categories show a significant influence on body scheme, spatial orientation and coordination. Following the tests applied and the results obtained, we can say that a well-structured program of physical activity influences the child’s development in terms of body scheme. If it is correctly integrated, one can avoid the existence of body diagram disorders that are quite common for children.</p></sec>
<sec><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The harmonious physical development of the child is influenced by a program of physical activity. Early participation in these programs is recomended in order to avoid disorders of body scheme.</p></sec>
</abstract>

Development of the body scheme in children in primary education: a systematic narrative review of the influence of an intervention plan on this psychomotor component

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<sec><h3>Introduction</h3><p>In tennis, knowledge of the characteristics of different playing styles is essential to achieve the desired results and to improve specialized technical-tactical procedures according to the playing surface on which the match is played, together with the individual and opponents’ peculiarities.</p></sec>
<sec><h3>Purpose</h3><p>Adopting a style of play that is suited to the individual characteristics of the player, the opponent and the characteristics of the playing surface can improve the chances of winning for the player who is mostly on the defensive. This comparative study aims to highlight the differences between the two players in a tournament on a slow surface, using the chosen methods and means.</p></sec>
<sec><h3>Methods</h3><p>The main research method was the method of analysing the 6 matches using different statistical indices. In doing so, the average results of all 6 matches played by the two players up to the final were compared with the results of the statistical indices of the final match. For this study we have selected the main indices for the topic.</p></sec>
<sec><h3>Results</h3><p>The results of the study showed that a defensive player spends more time on the court during a tournament. With the help of data analysis and recordings, it can be observed that the offensive or defensive player stands out according to the studied parameters. Some parameters are specific to a style of play. Also, a defensive player with good speed and agility can adapt more easily on a slow surface (clay).</p></sec>
<sec><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The playing surface can negatively affect the results obtained in major tournaments if the emphasis in training is not placed on developing a game adapted to individual characteristics. Also, the player who can adapt during the match has a better chance of winning a Grand Slam tournament.</p></sec>
</abstract>

Student of Physical Education and Sports Faculty

Associate Professor, Physical Education and Sports Faculty

Defensive vs offensive style on clay courts

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<sec><h3>Purpose</h3><p>This systematic review was designed to assess the existence of a potential bidirectional relationship between competitive anxiety and sport performance among professional athletes. Psychotherapists believe that the relationship between these 2 parameters can be directly proportional and, moreover, can go both ways, as they have systematically observed in the general population.</p></sec>
<sec><h3>Methods</h3><p>For this purpose, a number of 45 descriptive studies were selected from the cybernetic literature to estimate the level of anxiety in competitive athletes, the variables that may influence this parameter and the level of performance achieved as a result. Without therapeutic intervention, anxiety parameters and its covariates were assessed to detect the influence on sport performance and predict the outcome of a competition based on these concepts.</p></sec>
<sec><h3>Results</h3><p>The systematic review of these studies revealed that competitive anxiety has a major and statistically significant influence on the competitive situation a an athlete, having an important action on their career in the short and long term.</p></sec>
<sec><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This analysis has succeeded in demonstrating that a certain degree of anxiety, within the limits imposed by the game experience and through fine psychological mechanisms, can become an asset in terms of achieving the chosen goal in the athlete’s career.</p></sec>
</abstract>

Associate Professor, PhD, West University of Timisoara

Professor, PhD, West University of Timisoara

Anxiety and athlete performance: a systematic narrative review of the mutual influence of these concepts

AHEAD OF PRINT

Volume 15 (2022): Issue 29 (December 2022)

Volume 15 (2022): Issue 28 (June 2022)

Volume 14 (2021): Issue 27 (December 2021)

Volume 14 (2021): Issue 26 (June 2021)

Volume 13 (2020): Issue 25 (December 2020)

Volume 13 (2020): Issue 24 (September 2020)

Volume 12 (2019): Issue 23 (December 2019)

Volume 12 (2019): Issue 22 (September 2019)

Volume 11 (2018): Issue 21 (December 2018)

Volume 11 (2018): Issue 20 (September 2018)

Volume 10 (2017): Issue 19 (December 2017)

Volume 10 (2017): Issue 18 (September 2017)

Volume 9 (2016): Issue 17 (December 2016)

Volume 9 (2016): Issue 16 (September 2016)

Volume 8 (2015): Issue 15 (December 2015)

Volume 7 (2015): Issue 14 (June 2015)

Volume 6 (2014): Issue 12 (June 2014)

Volume 6 (2013): Issue 11 (December 2013)

Volume 5 (2013): Issue 10 (June 2013)

Volume 5 (2012): Issue 9 (December 2012)

Timisoara Physical Education and Rehabilitation Journal

 Timisoara Physical Education and Rehabilitation Journal will publish high quality manuscripts covering the entire area of it´s interdisciplinary content; our first goal is to arouse the readers interest about the importance of physical education in order to maintain a good and healthy life of individuals as well as of the population; we also pay attention to prevention, assessment and rehabilitation in pathology, especially in those related to physical activity. The Editorial and Scientific Boards will especially encourage the publication of research studies.Timisoara Physical Education and Rehabilitation Journal is an open access journal which means that all content is freely available without charge to the user or his/her institution. Users are allowed to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of the articles in this journal without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author. This is in accordance with the BOAI definition of open access. Why subscribe and read    High standard contents  Good publishing quality available in both forms, electronic and printed  Wide range of subjects concerning sport science, physical therapy and rehabilitation    Why submit    Fast, reliable and constructive peer reviews written by the experts  High quality editing  Indexed in four international databases    Rejection Rate   About 10-20%   Archiving  Sciendo archives the contents of this journal in Portico - digital long-term preservation service of scholarly books, journals and collections.  Plagiarism Policy  The editorial board is participating in a growing community of Similarity Check System's users in order to ensure that the content published is original and trustworthy. Similarity Check is a medium that allows for comprehensive manuscripts screening, aimed to eliminate plagiarism and provide a high standard and quality peer-review process. 