The Choice of Suitable Conditions for Wheat Genetic Transformation

Wheat is one of three most important cereals worldwide. Its production rises every year. There is a possibility to improve quantitative and qualitative parameters by biolistic method of transformation. The process of introduction of desired gene into the wheat genome and plant regeneration is affected by many factors. To identify the suitable conditions, selection system, the influence of donor, plant environment and the regeneration capacity of wheat genotypes were tested. The scutella of immature embryos served as the initial explants. Plant regeneration was achieved by 6 out of 11 genotypes tested. The highest values were reached by the cultivar Ilias. The effect of donor, plant environment was evaluated by two genotypes. Plants from growth chamber appeared to be better source of explants compared to plants grown in the natural conditions. The selection system was optimized as follows: regeneration medium in the dark and subsequently in photoperiod conditions (DR) with 5 mg/l of phosphinotricin (PPT), shoot induction medium (DS) with 7 mg/l of PPT.