Comparison of intravenous tramadol and ketamine for prevention of catheter-related bladder discomfort after laparoscopic surgery: a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study
Article Category: Brief communication (Original)
Published Online: Jan 31, 2017
Page range: 253 - 260
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5372/1905-7415.1003.488
Keywords
© 2016 Rattanaporn Burimsittichai, Phoonsak Limraksasin, Cameron Paul Hurst, Somrat Charuluxananan
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.
Background
Catheter-related bladder discomfort (CRBD) is a distressing symptom after anesthesia.
Objective
Method
After registration with the Thai Clinical Trial Registry (TCTR20140220001), we conducted a randomized controlled trial in 210 patients aged 18-70 years with American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I or II undergoing elective laparoscopic surgery requiring bladder catheterization. These patients were randomly allocated into 1 of 3 groups: Group T received intravenous (i.v.) tramadol 1.5 mg/kg, Group K received i.v. ketamine 0.5 mg/kg, and Group P received i.v. saline as a placebo before catheterization. Patients received i.v. morphine for postoperative pain control. An anesthesiologist blinded to the randomization evaluated postoperative and CRBD pain severity using visual analog scales (VAS). The cumulative postoperative and CRBD pain was calculated by multiplying mean VAS scores by the hours of assessment.
Result
Groups T and K had significantly less cumulative CRBD pain compared with placebo (
Conclusions
Tramadol 1.5 mg/kg and ketamine 0.5 mg/kg administered i.v. before bladder catheterization are both effective in reducing the 24-h cumulative postoperative CRBD after laparoscopic surgery without significant adverse effects. Tramadol also decreases the incidence of postlaparoscopy shoulder pain.