Otwarty dostęp

A new methodology for simultaneous comparison and optimization between nanoparticles and their drug conjugates against various multidrug-resistant bacterial strains

Ahson Jabbar Shaikh
Ahson Jabbar Shaikh
, 
Nargis Aman
Nargis Aman
 oraz 
Muhammad Arfat Yameen
Muhammad Arfat Yameen
   | 31 mar 2020
Asian Biomedicine's Cover Image
O artykule
Poprzedni artykuł
Następny artykuł
Zacytuj
Article Category: Technical report
Data publikacji: 31 mar 2020
Zakres stron: 149 - 162
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/abm-2019-0054
Słowa kluczowe
© 2019 Ahson Jabbar Shaikh et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

Figure 1

Few representative molecules from the second- and third-generation fluoroquinolone antibiotics are used in this study.
Few representative molecules from the second- and third-generation fluoroquinolone antibiotics are used in this study.

Figure 2

Absorbance of E. coli(a, b) and MRSA (c, d) with increasing concentration of AuNPs (2.87 nM) (a, c) and AgNPs (0.124 nM) (b, d) from 0 to 100 μl with 10 μl increments.
Absorbance of E. coli(a, b) and MRSA (c, d) with increasing concentration of AuNPs (2.87 nM) (a, c) and AgNPs (0.124 nM) (b, d) from 0 to 100 μl with 10 μl increments.

Figure 3

Absorbance of E. coli(a, b) and MRSA (c, d) in the absence of drug or nanoparticles (control), in the presence of drug only (ciprofloxacin) and by varying concentrations of AuNPs (2.87 nM) (a, c) and AgNPs (0.124 nM) (b, d) from 10 to 100 μl.
Absorbance of E. coli(a, b) and MRSA (c, d) in the absence of drug or nanoparticles (control), in the presence of drug only (ciprofloxacin) and by varying concentrations of AuNPs (2.87 nM) (a, c) and AgNPs (0.124 nM) (b, d) from 10 to 100 μl.

Figure 4

Absorbance of E. coli(a, b) and MRSA (c, d) in the absence of drug or nanoparticles (control), in the presence of drug only (levofloxacin) and by varying concentrations of AuNPs (2.87 nM) (a, c) and AgNPs (0.124 nM) (b, d) from 10 to 100 μl.
Absorbance of E. coli(a, b) and MRSA (c, d) in the absence of drug or nanoparticles (control), in the presence of drug only (levofloxacin) and by varying concentrations of AuNPs (2.87 nM) (a, c) and AgNPs (0.124 nM) (b, d) from 10 to 100 μl.

Figure 5

Absorbance of E. coli(a, b) and MRSA (c, d) in the absence of drug or nanoparticles (control), in the presence of drug only (norfloxacin) and by varying concentrations of AuNPs (2.87 nM) (a, c) and AgNPs (0.124 nM) (b, d) from 10 to 100 μl.
Absorbance of E. coli(a, b) and MRSA (c, d) in the absence of drug or nanoparticles (control), in the presence of drug only (norfloxacin) and by varying concentrations of AuNPs (2.87 nM) (a, c) and AgNPs (0.124 nM) (b, d) from 10 to 100 μl.

Figure 6

Absorbance of E. coli(a,b) and MRSA (c, d) in the absence of drug or nanoparticles (control), in the presence of drug only (ofloxacin) and by varying concentrations of AuNPs (2.87 nM) (a, c) and AgNPs (0.124 nM) (b,d) from 10 to 100 μl.
Absorbance of E. coli(a,b) and MRSA (c, d) in the absence of drug or nanoparticles (control), in the presence of drug only (ofloxacin) and by varying concentrations of AuNPs (2.87 nM) (a, c) and AgNPs (0.124 nM) (b,d) from 10 to 100 μl.

Figure 7

Absorbance of E. coli(a, b) and MRSA (c, d) in the absence of drug or nanoparticles (control), in the presence of drug only (pefloxacin) and by varying concentrations of AuNPs (2.87 nM) (a, c) and AgNPs (0.124 nM) (b, d) from 10 to 100 μl.
Absorbance of E. coli(a, b) and MRSA (c, d) in the absence of drug or nanoparticles (control), in the presence of drug only (pefloxacin) and by varying concentrations of AuNPs (2.87 nM) (a, c) and AgNPs (0.124 nM) (b, d) from 10 to 100 μl.

Standard minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) for reference strains

FluoroquinolonesE. coliS. aureus
Ciprofloxacin [42]0.015 mg/l0.12 mg/l
Levofloxacin [43]0.03 mg/l0.12 mg/l
Norfloxacin [42]0.06 mg/l0.25 mg/l
Ofloxacin [42]0.06 mg/l0.25 mg/l
Pefloxacin [42]0.06 mg/l0.25 mg/l

Comparison of antibacterial effects of various antibiotic – NP conjugates against E. coli and S. aureus

Fluoroquinolone–NP hybridsEscherichia coli AgNPsEscherichia coli AuNPsStaphylococcus aureus AgNPsStaphylococcus aureus AuNPsConclusion
No drug (NPs only)

Max. control until 2 h

Increasing concentration of nanoparticles has no effect on bacterial strains

Max. control until 2 h

Growth is increased with the increasing concentration of nanoparticles

Max control until 4 h

Increasing concentration of nanoparticles has no significant effect on bacterial strains

No control over time

Growth is increased with the increasing concentration of nanoparticles

Increasing concentration supports the growth of bacterial strains for AuNPs. No effect of concentration is observed for AgNPs

Ciprofloxacin

Max. control at 1 h

Overall good control

10 μl are sufficient to control

Control of growth at 12 h

Minimum growth at 10 μl, increases with additional AuNPs, decreases at 100 μl

Good control at 4 h

Growth increases with time

70 μl are required to control the growth

No control over time

Growth decreases at 100 μl of AuNPs

AgNP conjugates are best effective against E. coli and moderately effective against S. aureus. AuNPs are not effective against S. aureus or E. coli

Levofloxacin

Max. control at 1 h

Overall good control

10 μl is sufficient to control

Minor effects on control of growth at 12 h

No concentration effects

Good control at 4 h

Growth increases with time

70 μl is required to control the growth

No control over time

Growth increases with the addition of AuNPs, decreases at 100 μl of AuNPs

Same as above (ciprofloxacin)

Norfloxacin

Max. control at 1 h

Growth increases with time

50 μl is required to control the growth

No control over time

No effect of AuNPs

Good control at 4 h

Growth increases with time

70 μl is required to control the growth

No control over time

Growth slightly increases with the addition of AuNPs, decreases at 100 μl of AuNPs

AgNP conjugates are moderately effective against E. coli and S. aureus. AuNPs are not effective against S. aureus or E. coli

Ofloxacin

Max. control at 1 h

Growth increases with time

50 μl is required to control the growth

Control of growth at 12 h

Growth increases with the addition of AuNPs, minimum at 60 μl, decreases at 100 μl of AuNPs

Good control at 4 h

Growth increases with time after 8 h

70 μl is required to control the growth

No control over time

Growth slightly increases with the addition of AuNPs, decreases at 100 μl of AuNPs

Same as above (norfloxacin)

Pefloxacin

Max. control at 1 h with controlled growth until 4 h, afterward growth increases with time

40 μl is required to control the growth

No control over time

Growth increases with the addition of AuNPs

Growth is observed with time

50 μl is required to control the growth

No control over time

Growth slightly increases with the addition of AuNPs, decreases at 100 μl of AuNPs

Same as above (norfloxacin and ofloxacin)

eISSN:
1875-855X
Język:
Angielski
Częstotliwość wydawania:
6 razy w roku
Dziedziny czasopisma:
Medicine, Assistive Professions, Nursing, Basic Medical Science, other, Clinical Medicine
Kanał RSS czasopisma