<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> In sections exposing Frasnian limestones at five outcrops in the Holy Cross Mountains, five lithofacies (L1 to L5) that represent upper slope to basinal environments are identified. These lithofacies are characterised by dark-coloured micritic limestones-marly shale couplets with many light-coloured intercalations of fine- to coarse-grained limestones (= event beds). This lithofacies pattern characterises mostly low-energy domains punctuated by storm episodes. In addition, these upper-slope to basinal lithofacies are arranged into small-scale, coarsening-upward beds and cycles. The cycles are locally composed of fining/thinning-upward beds. The small-scale cycles have a calculated duration of 19 to 42 kyr. The differential thickness of beds and cycles within and between sections was probably caused by differential subsidence and local tectonics. Possible evidence of tectonic activity is also related to a difference in number of cycles recorded in the time-equivalent sections. The recognised cyclicity shows sea-level fluctuations and a few deepening episodes. Some of them are correlated with the Timan global eustatic events. However, local tectonics and episodic subsidence may have played a significant role in recording brief deepening pulses. Thus, low-amplitude sea-level changes were major factors in platform generation and evolution in the Frasnian of the Holy Cross Mountains modified by local, block-related subsidence.</abstract>

Small-scale cyclic deposition in the Frasnian (Upper Devonian) of the Holy Cross Mountains, Poland

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> The coastline in the Jastrzębia Góra area can be divided into three major zones of general importance: a beach and barrier section, a cliff section, and a section protected by a heavy hydrotechnical construction. These areas are characterised by a diverse geology and origin, and hence different vulnerability to erosion. In addition, observations have demonstrated a different pace of erosion within each zone. Based on the results obtained by remote sensing methods (analysis of aerial photographs and maps), it has been determined that the coastline in the barrier area, i.e., to the west of Jastrzębia Góra, moved landwards by about 130 m, in a period of 100 years, and 80 m over about 50 years. A smaller displacement of the shoreline could be observed within the cliff. Between the middle of the twentieth and the start of the twenty-first centuries the shore retreated by about 25 m. However, in recent years, an active landslide has led to the displacement of the uppermost part of the cliff locally up to 25 m. Another issue is, functioning since 2000, a heavy hydrotechnical construction which has been built in order to protect the most active part of the cliff. The construction is not stable and its western part, over a distance of 50 m, has moved almost 2 m vertically downwards and c. 2.5 m horizontally towards the sea in the past two years. This illustrates that the erosional factor does not comprise only marine abrasion, but also involves land-based processes determined by geology and hydrogeology. Changes in the shoreline at the beach and barrier part are constantly conditioned by rising sea levels, the slightly sloping profile of the sea floor and low elevation values of the backshore and dune areas. Cliffs are destroyed by mass wasting and repetitive storm surges that are responsible for the removal of the colluvium which protects the coast from adverse wave effects. Presumably, mass movements combined with groundwater outflow from the cliff, plus sea abrasion cause destabilisation of the cliff protection construction.</abstract>

Baltic Sea coastal erosion; a case study from the Jastrzębia Góra region

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> Geostatistical methods for 2D and 3D modelling spatial variability of selected physicochemical properties of biogenic sediments were applied to a small valley mire in order to identify the processes that lead to the formation of various types of peat. A sequential Gaussian simulation was performed to reproduce the statistical distribution of the input data (pH and organic matter) and their semivariances, as well as to honouring of data values, yielding more ‘realistic’ models that show microscale spatial variability, despite the fact that the input sample cores were sparsely distributed in the X-Y space of the study area. The stratigraphy of peat deposits in the Ldzań mire shows a record of long-term evolution of water conditions, which is associated with the variability in water supply over time. Ldzań is a fen (a rheotrophic mire) with a through-flow of groundwater. Additionally, the vicinity of the Grabia River is marked by seasonal inundations of the southwest part of the mire and increased participation of mineral matter in the peat. In turn, the upper peat layers of some of the central part of Ldzań mire are rather spongy, and these peat-forming phytocoenoses probably formed during permanent waterlogging.</abstract>

Adam Mickiewicz University, Institute of Geology, Faculty of Geographical and Geological Sciences, Maków Polnych 16, 61-606 Poznań, Poland

Pedagogical University of Cracow, Institute of Geography, Podchorążych 2, 30-084 Kraków, Poland;

Spatial variability of selected physicochemical parameters within peat deposits in small valley mire: a geostatistical approach

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> Digital Terrain Models (DTMs) produced from stereoscopic, submeter-resolution High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE) imagery provide a solid basis for all morphometric analyses of the surface of Mars. In view of the fact that a more effective use of DTMs is hindered by complicated and time-consuming manual handling, the automated process provided by specialists of the Ames Intelligent Robotics Group (NASA), Ames Stereo Pipeline, constitutes a good alternative. Four DTMs, covering the global dichotomy boundary between the southern highlands and northern lowlands along the line of the presumable Arabia shoreline, were produced and analysed. One of them included forms that are likely to be indicative of an oceanic basin that extended across the lowland northern hemisphere of Mars in the geological past. The high resolution DTMs obtained were used in the process of landscape visualisation.</abstract>

Identification and visualisation of possible ancient ocean shoreline on Mars using submeter-resolution Digital Terrain Models

AHEAD OF PRINT

Volume 29 (2023): Issue 3 (December 2023)

Volume 29 (2023): Issue 2 (August 2023)

Volume 29 (2023): Issue 1 (April 2023)

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Volume 28 (2022): Issue 2 (August 2022)

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Volume 27 (2021): Issue 3 (December 2021)

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Volume 26 (2020): Issue 3 (December 2020)

Volume 26 (2020): Issue 2 (August 2020)

Volume 26 (2020): Issue 1 (April 2020)

Volume 25 (2019): Issue 3 (December 2019)

Volume 25 (2019): Issue 2 (August 2019)

Volume 25 (2019): Issue 1 (April 2019)

Volume 24 (2018): Issue 3 (December 2018)

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Volume 24 (2018): Issue 1 (March 2018)

Volume 23 (2017): Issue 3 (December 2017)

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Volume 22 (2016): Issue 3 (September 2016)

Volume 22 (2016): Issue 2 (June 2016)

Volume 22 (2016): Issue 1 (March 2016)

Volume 21 (2015): Issue 4 (December 2015)

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Volume 19 (2013): Issue 1-2 (May 2013) Heavy-mineral analysis as a tool in earth-scientific research

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Volume 15 (2009): Issue 3-4 (December 2009)

Geologos

GEOLOGOS is an international, peer-reviewed journal publishing research results and review articles covering all earth-science disciplines, with a focus on the geology of central and eastern Europe. Studies on areas of poorly known geology (e.g. Asia and Africa) are also published. Articles from non-European areas should be universal and problem-related, while purely regional issues are avoided.  Over the last years, Geologos has published studies on many topics, including:    mineralogy and geochemistry  sedimentology (siliciclastics and carbonates, sedimentary structures, facies analysis)  palaeontology (invertebrate palaeontology, trace fossils, micropalaeontology)  stratigraphy and petroleum geology (sequence stratigraphy)  glacial geology (Pleistocene palaeogeography and stratigraphy, lithology of glaciogenic deposits)  hydrogeology (groundwater circulation, groundwater flow models, drainage systems, deep aquifers)  meteorites (Morasko meteorite fall).    GEOLOGOS has been issued since 1995 as the journal of the Institute of Geology, Adam Mickiewicz University (AMU) in Poznań, Poland.  GEOLOGOS is an open access journal; all content is freely available without charge.  Three issues of GEOLOGOS are published each year. Electronic versions of all papers are published on the Sciendo platform.  Why subscribe and read    Journal on geology of Central and Eastern Europe as well as other areas of poorly known geology   Why submit    Quick publication, colour pages free of chargé. To publish in GEOLOGOS, authors are not required to pay an Article Processing Charge.   Reviewing    Each manuscript, as a rule, is reviewed by two referees, commonly one Polish and one foreign. Reviews are double-blind.   Rejection Rate    About 40%    Archiving  Sciendo archives the contents of this journal in Portico - digital long-term preservation service of scholarly books, journals and collections.  Plagiarism Policy  The editorial board is participating in a growing community of Similarity Check System's users in order to ensure that the content published is original and trustworthy. Similarity Check is a medium that allows for comprehensive manuscripts screening, aimed to eliminate plagiarism and provide a high standard and quality peer-review process. 