<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

An appraisal of the groundwater vulnerability to contamination risk at Adebayo in Ado-Ekiti, Southwestern Nigeria, was carried out using the electrical resistivity method of geophysical prospecting. Two traverses of length 100 m each were established for both vertical electrical sounding (VES) and dipole-dipole. Six (6) Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) and 2-D dipole-dipole profiling techniques of the electrical resistivity method were adopted for the geophysical investigation. The results show variations in resistivity values, depicting four to five geologic layers: the topsoil, laterite, weathered layer, fractured, and the fresh basement. It was observed from the correlation of the geoelectric section and 2-D resistivity image along traverse 1 (TR1) that the groundwater in the study area flows towards the southwestern part, and the fractured basement serves as a migration pathway to the diesel oil in the same direction as groundwater flow. The fractured basement (Well 2) with no lateritic cover has higher resistivity values compare to the fracture zone that was found directly under the mast which was overlain by the laterite. Comparing the resistivity values of Well 1 and 2, Well 2 that was drilled into the fractured basement has more traces of the contaminant than Well 1.
</abstract>

Geophysical Assessment of Groundwater Vulnerability to Diesel Contamination at a Telecommunication Mast in Adebayo Area, Ado-Ekiti, Southwestern Nigeria

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

Interest rate paths experience discontinuities in the presence of certain factors. Much of the work on interest rate modelling has no consideration for effects of such unexpected occurrences in real life. A good risk manager needs to have a better model that considers possibility of unexpected occurrences. In this paper, we discuss step by step extension of Vasicek model to both jump model and jumpdiffusion model using Itô’s formula as the major tool. We also derive the greeks ‘delta’ and ‘vega’ that measure sensitivity of the interest rate with respect to both changes in its initial interest rate and volatility in an interbank rate.
</abstract>

Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science

Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences

Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Physical Sciences

Interest Rate Modelling in the Presence of Discontinuities and its Sensitivities

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

Taurine, a derived amino acid has been proven to play an important biological roles in enhancing bone strength and immune activities of broiler birds. This research investigated the effect of the different concentrations of graded level dietary taurine supplement on immune response of birds against Newcastle Disease Virus (NCDV) and Infectious Bursal Disease Virus (IBDV), as well as on enzymatic markers of bone metabolism and effect on mineral composition. A total of 300 unsexed day-old arbor acre broiler birds were used for this research. The birds were randomly distributed using a completely randomized design into five dietary treatment of six replicates with 10 birds per replicate. Treatment one (T1) served as the control group with 0% taurine supplement. Treatments 2, 3, 4, and 5 contained dietary taurine supplements at 0.002, 0.004, 0.006, and 0.008%. Antibody titre against NCDV and IBDV were determined according to standard procedures. The study lasted 42 days. Birds on 0.002% taurine had the highest antibody titre (128.38) against NCDV, while birds on the 0.006% taurine-supplemented-diet also portrayed a distinct (p&lt;0.05) titre value (1029) against IBDV. Serum alkaline phosphatase and bone specific alkaline phosphatase (132.74 and 150.66) at the 42nd day were highest (p&lt;0.05) for birds on 0.004 and 0.002% dietary taurine supplement respectively. The activity of serum tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (44.94) was notably highest (p&lt;0.05) for birds on 0.008% taurine. Bone mineral contents showed that birds fed with 0.002% taurinesupplemented- diet had the highest percentage (p&lt;0.05) of phosphorous (9.50), calcium (32.18) and phosphate (21.77) composition. Conclusively, inclusion of taurine as dietary supplement has proven useful not only in enhancing the birds’ immunity against NCDV an IBDV, but also in boosting bone mineral composition of meat type poultry birds.
</abstract>

Immune Response and Bone Marker Enzyme Activities of Broiler Birds Fed Graded Level Taurine-Supplemented-Diets

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder which result from either absolute or relative insulin deficiency and may lead to dysfunction in some organ systems. Pancreatic α- glucosidase and α- amylase inhibition are an effective strategy to decrease levels of postprandial hyperglycemia through starch control breakdown. The aim of the study is to assess the <italic>in vitro</italic> antidiabetic activities of fractions from <italic>Daucus carota</italic> seed extract, a plant used traditionally for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. The aqueous extract (AQE) of <italic>Daucus carota</italic> seed was partitioned in ethyl acetate (EAE), n – hexane (HEX) and diethyl ether (DEE) to obtain the various fractions. The AQE and EAE expressed significant α – amylase inhibitory activity with IC50 values of 637.0±18.6 μg/mL and 603.0±25.8 μg/mL respectively. AQE, EAE, HEX and DEE expressed α – glucosidase inhibitory activity with IC50 value of 135.85±1.21, 147.59±0.57, 132.64±1.17, and 143.56±0.49 μg/mL respective compared with acarbose (ACA) with 5.42±0.20 μg/mL. Furthermore, DEE fraction expressed inhibitory effects on % glucose uptake in yeast cell comparable with metronidazole. All <italic>Daucus carota</italic> fractions expressed various inhibitory effects on haemoglobin glycosylation at a concentration of 200 – 1000 μg/mL. The results show that fractions from the aqueous seed extract of <italic>Daucus carota</italic> possess <italic>in vitro</italic> antidiabetic potentials with EAE and HEX fractions having most promising inhibitory activities against α-amylase and α-glucosidase respectively.
</abstract>

Inhibition of Haemoglobin Glycosylation, Glucose Uptake and <italic>In Vitro</italic> Antidiabetic Activities of Solvent Fractions from <italic>Daucus carota</italic> Seed

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Volume 6 (2021): Issue 1 (June 2021)

Geophysical Assessment of Groundwater Vulnerability to Diesel Contamination at a Telecommunication Mast in Adebayo Area, Ado-Ekiti, Southwestern Nigeria

Interest Rate Modelling in the Presence of Discontinuities and its Sensitivities

Immune Response and Bone Marker Enzyme Activities of Broiler Birds Fed Graded Level Taurine-Supplemented-Diets

Inhibition of Haemoglobin Glycosylation, Glucose Uptake and In Vitro Antidiabetic Activities of Solvent Fractions from Daucus carota Seed

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