Exposure to mental load and psychosocial risks in kindergarten teachers

Item	Do you consider your job as an interesting, which inspires you to continuing education?		p value	Is your job performance fairly evaluated?		p value	Can you rely on social support from your employer?		p value

					N (%)

	yes	no		yes	no		yes	no
Level of education
middle	85 (44.3)	1 (0.5)	0.2587	12 (6.3)	74 (38.5)	0.0345^a	45 (23.4)	41 (21.4)	0.0389^a
higher	102 (53.1)	4 (2.1)		28 (14.6)	78 (40.6)		71 (37.0)	35 (18.2)

Age
<35 years	43 (22.4)	3 (1.6)		12 (6.3)	34 (17.7)		35 (18.2)	11 (5.7)
35 – 45 years	50 (26.0)	0	0.2528	18 (9.4)	32 (16.7)	0.0008^a	33 (17.2)	17 (8.9)	0.0077^a
>45 years	94 (49.0)	2 (1.0)		10 (5.2)	86 (44.8)		48 (25.0)	48 (25.0)

Years of experience
<20	90 (46.9)	3 (1.6)		28 (14.6)	65 (33.9)		65 (33.9)	28 (14.6)
>20	97 (50.5)	2 (1.0)	0.6001	12 (6.3)	87 (45.3)	0.0021^a	51 (26.6)	48 (25.0)	0.0092^a

Item	All teachers N= 287		Not mentally demanding N=95 (33.1%)		Mentally demanding N=192 (66.9%)
			N (%)				p value
	yes	no	yes	no	yes	no
Do you use your skills and abilities at work?	282 (98.3)	5 (1.7)	95 (100.0)	0	187 (97.4)	5 (2.6)	0.1126
Do you decide on your own how to do your job?	241 (84.0)	46 (16.0)	89 (93.7)	6 (6.3)	152 (79.2)	40 (20.8)	0.0016^a
Do you consider your job as interesting, which inspires you to continuing education?	272 (94.8)	15 (5.2)	92 (96.8)	3 (3.2)	180 (93.8)	12 (6.2)	0.2680
Is your job performance fairly evaluated?	73 (25.4)	214 (74.6)	33 (34.7)	62 (65.3)	40 (20.8)	152 (79.2)	0.0109^a
Do you have enough time for your family due to your work?	176 (61.3)	111 (38.7)	69 (72.6)	26 (27.4)	107 (55.7)	85 (44.3)	0.0057^a
Do you have good relationships and social support with your co-workers?	235 (81.9)	52 (18.1)	82 (86.3)	13 (13.7)	153 (79.7)	39 (20.3)	0.1701
Can you rely on social support from your employer?	184 (64.1)	103 (35.9)	68 (71.6)	27 (28.4)	116 (60.4)	76 (39.6)	0.0636
Does your employer manage all safety hazards in the workplace?	168 (58.5)	119 (41.5)	62 (65.3)	33 (34.7)	106 (55.2)	86 (44.8)	0.1037
Do you think your health is managed well enough and protected in the workplace?	151 (52.6)	136 (47.4)	65 (68.4)	30 (31.6)	86 (44.8)	106 (55.2)	0.0002^a
Does violence or bullying occur in your workplace?	59 (20.6)	228 (79.4)	13 (13.7)	82 (86.3)	46 (24.0)	146 (76.0)	0.0427^a

Items		Mean	SD	Median	Critical limit^a
I. Overloading	Time pressure	3.4	1.1	4^b	3.0
	Great responsibility	3.4	1.2	4^b	3.0
	Problems and conflicts	3.2	1.3	4^b	2.5

II. Monotony	Low satisfaction	2.4	1.2	2	2.5
	Dull work	1.6	0.7	1	2.5
	Monotony	1.6	0.7	1	2.5

III. Unspecific factor	Nervousness	2.8	1.3	2	3.0
	Oversaturation	2.8	1.4	2	3.0
	Fatigue	3.5	1.2	4^b	3.0
	Long-lasting load	3.6	1.1	4^b	2.5

Overall		2nd degree – overloading

Degree of workload	I. Overloading		II. Monotony		III. Unspecific load
	N	%	N	%	N	%
0	41	14.3	283	98.6	250	87.1
1	57	19.9	3	1.0	25	8.7
2	66	23.0	1	0.4	6	2.1
3	123	42.8	0	0	6	2.1

Total	246	85.7	4	1.4	37	12.9

Women	I. Overloading			II. Monotony			III. Unspecific load			Gross score
	mean	SD	C	mean	SD	C	mean	SD	C	mean	SD	C
Norm^c	8.4	3.2	10	7.6	3.0	9	11.7	4.4	14	25.0	8.1	29
total	10.0^a	2.7	11^b	5.6^a	2.0	7	12.7^a	3.8	14	28.4^a	7.1	32^b

Age
<35 years	9.4^a	2.7	11^b	5.4^a	1.9	6	12.7	3.4	14	27.5^a	6.8	31^b
35 – 45 years	10.2^a	2.3	11^b	5.3^a	1.8	6	12.2	3.5	14	27.7^a	5.7	31^b
>45 years	10.3^a	2.9	12^b	5.8^a	2.1	7	13.1^a	4.2	15^b	29.1^a	7.7	33^b

Years of experience
<20 years	9.9^a	2.5	11^b	5.4^a	1.8	6	12.6^a	3.5	14	27.8^a	6.3	31^b
>20 years	10.2^a	2.9	12^b	5.8^a	2.1	7	12.9^a	4.1	15^b	28.9^a	7.7	33^b

Education level
middle	9.8^a	2.9	11^b	5.9^a	2.1	6	12.6^a	4.1	13	28.3^a	7.6	28
higher	10.2^a	2.6	12^b	5.3^a	1.8	6	12.8^a	3.6	15^b	28.4^a	6.6	32^b

		Total (N=287) N (%)	Middle education (N=126) N (%)	Higher education (N=161) N (%)	p value
Age	<35 years	72 (25.1)	17 (13.5)	55 (34.2)
	35 – 45 years	73 (25.4)	21 (16.7)	52 (32.3)	0.0001^a
	>45 years	142 (49.5)	88 (69.8)	54 (33.5)

Years of experience	<20 years	140 (48.8)	33 (26.2)	107 (66.5)
	>20 years	147 (51.2)	93 (73.8)	54 (33.5)	0.0001^a

Frequenza di pubblicazione:: 4 volte all'anno
Argomenti della rivista:: Medicine, Clinical Medicine, Hygiene and Environmental Medicine