Biodiversity and population fluctuations of parasitoids of the white peach scale, Pseudaulacaspis pentagona (Targioni-Tozzetti) (Hemiptera: Diaspididae), in kiwifruit orchards in Northern Iran

Abd-Rabou, S. and Ghahari, H. 2005. List of hyperparasitoids of whiteflies and coccids (Homoptera) In Iran, with special study on Iranian Ablerus (Hymenoptra: Aphelinidae). Egyptian Journal of Agricultural Research, 83 (1): 311-317.10.21608/ejar.2005.243515Search in Google Scholar

Aliakbar Aghadokht, P., Sarailoo, M.H., Yazdanian, M., Mottaki, E. and Polaszek A. 2010. New report for wasp’s fauna for Iran. Proceedings of 19th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Tehran, 122.Search in Google Scholar

Bazrafshan, B., Razmjou, J., Damavandian, M.R. and Rafiee Dastjerdi, H. 2010. Population dynamics of the white peach scale, Pseudaulacaspis pentagona and its important natural enemies in Mazandaran. M.Sc. thesis, Mohaghegh Ardabili University, Ardabil, Iran.Search in Google Scholar

Camargo J.A. 1992. New diversity index for assessing structural alterations in aquatic communities. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 48 (3): p.428-434.10.1007/BF00195643Search in Google Scholar

Collins, F.A. and Whitcomb, W.H. 1975. Natural enemies of the white peach scale, Pseudaulacaspis pentagona (Homoptera: Cooccidae), in Florida. Florida Entomologist, 54 (1): 91-95.10.2307/3493860Search in Google Scholar

Ezzat, Y.M. and Nada, S.M. 1986. List of superfamily Coccoidea as known to exist in Egypt. Bollettino del Laboratorio di Entomologia Agraria, Filippo Silvestri, 43: 85-90.Search in Google Scholar

Gaston, H.J. 1991. The magnitude of global insect species richness. Conservation Biology, 5: 283-296.10.1111/j.1523-1739.1991.tb00140.xSearch in Google Scholar

Ghahari, H., Huang, J. and Abd-rabou, S.A. 2011. Contribution to the Encarsia and Eretmocerus (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) species from the Arasbaran biosphere reserve and vicinity, northwestern Iran. Archives of Biological Science Belgrade, 63 (3): 867-878.10.2298/ABS1103867GSearch in Google Scholar

Guerrieri, E. and Noyes, J.S. 2000. Revision of European species of genus Metaphycus Mercet (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Encyrtidae), parasitoids of scale insects. Systematic Entomology, 25: 147-222.10.1046/j.1365-3113.2000.00099.xSearch in Google Scholar

Habibi Badrabadi, S., Khayrandish, M. and Mohammadi-Khoramabadi, A. 2017. Faunistic survey and species diversity of parasitoid wasps of Pimpiliformes and Ichneumoniformes Groups (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) in Yazd Province, Iran. Taxonomy and Biosystematics, 32: 4-20.Search in Google Scholar

Hafez, M.B. 1988. Population fluctuations on parasites of California red scale, Aonidiella aurantii (Mask.) (Hem.: Diaspidae) in Alexandria. Journal of Applied Entomology, 106: 183-187.10.1111/j.1439-0418.1988.tb00581.xSearch in Google Scholar

Halawa, A.M., Nour EL-Deen, M.A., Attia, S.A. and EL-Sebaay, M.M. 2015. Population fluctuation of the white peach scale insect, Pseudaulacaspis pentagona (Targioni), associated parasitoid and predacious mites attacking peach trees at Dakahlia Governorate. Middle East Journal of Agriculture, 4(2): 250-259Search in Google Scholar

Heraty, J. M., Woolley, J. B. and Polaszek, A. 2007. Catalog of the Encarsia of the world. http://cache.ucr.edu/~heraty/Encarsia.cat.pdf.Search in Google Scholar

Invasive Species Compendium. 2016. From http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/45077.Search in Google Scholar

Iranmanesh, M., Madjdzadeh, S.M. and Askari Hesni, M. 2017. Biodiversity of braconid fauna (Hym.: Ichneumonoidea: Braconidae) in Sirch region, Kerman province, Iran. Journal of Entomological Society of Iran, 37 (1): 1-13.Search in Google Scholar

Jamalomidi, A., Hosseini, R., Sahragard, A. and Hajizadeh, J.A. 2012. Faunal study on armored scales (Hem: Diaspididae) parasitoids on citrus trees in eastern part of Guilan province. Proceedings of 20th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, University of Shiraz, 217.Search in Google Scholar

Kyparissoudas, D.S. 1987. The occurrence of Encarsia perniciosi in areas of northern Greece as assessed by sex pheromone traps of its host Quadraspidiotus perniciosus. Entomologia Hellenica, 5: 7-12.10.12681/eh.13942Search in Google Scholar

Lotfalizadeh, H., Zargaran, M.R. and Taghizadeh, M. 2014. Speceis diversity of Coccoidea parasitoids wasps (Hym.: Chalcidoidea) in the northern parts of East-Azarbaijan province, Iran. North-Western Journal of Zoology, 10(1): 60-66.Search in Google Scholar

Magurran, A.E. 2004. Measuring biological diversity, Blackwell Publishing: Oxford, UK. 256 p.Search in Google Scholar

Miller, D.R. and Davidson, J.A. 2005. Armored scale insect pests of trees and shrubs. Cornell University Press. pp. 437.Search in Google Scholar

Modarres Awal, M. 1997. Family Aphelinidae (Hymenoptera), pp. 261-262. In: Modarres Awal, M. (ed.) List of agricultural pests and their natural enemies in Iran. Ferdowsi University Press, 429.Search in Google Scholar

Natural History Museum. 2016. From http://www.nhm.ac.uk/our-science/data/chalcidoids/database/detail.Search in Google Scholar

Nee, S., Harvey P.H. and Cotgreave, P. 1992. Population persistence and the natural relationship between body size and abundance. In: Conservation of Biodiversity for Sustainable Development (Sandlund O.T., Hindar K. and Brown A.H.D. eds), p. 124-136. Scandinavian University Press, Oslo.Search in Google Scholar

Pedata, P.A., Hunter, M.S. and Godfray, H.C.J. 1995. The population dynamics of the white peach scale and its parasitoids in a mulberry orchard in Campania, Italy. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 85: 531-539.10.1017/S0007485300033034Search in Google Scholar

Peet, R.K. 1974. The measurements of species diversity. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, 5: 285–307.10.1146/annurev.es.05.110174.001441Search in Google Scholar

Pielou, E.C. 1969. An introduction to mathematical ecology. New York: Wiley.cited in VIII + 286 S., 32 Abb., Preis 140s.Search in Google Scholar

Simpson, E.H. 1949. Measurement of diversity. Nature 163, 688.cited in Magurran, A. E., 2004, Measuring biological diversity, Blackwell Publishing: Oxford, UK.256 p.10.1038/163688a0Search in Google Scholar

Shannon, C.E. and Weaver, W. 1949. The Mathematical Theory of Communication. University of Illinois Press, Urbana.Weigmann, G. 1973. Zur Okologie der Collembolen und Oribatiden im Grenzbereich Land-Meer (Collembola, Insecta – Oribatei, Acari). Zeitschrift fur wissenschaftliche Zoologie, 186: 295–391.Search in Google Scholar

Smith, B. and Wilson, B. 1996. A consumer’s guide to evenness indices. Gikos, 76 (1): 70-82.10.2307/3545749Search in Google Scholar

Toorani, A.H. 2017. Study of population fluctuations of the white peach scale, Pseudaulacaspis pentagona Targioni-Tozzetti and its natural enemies in kiwi gardens of Ghaemshahr region. M.Sc. thesis in Agricultural Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran, 117 p.Search in Google Scholar

Weigmann, G. 1973. Zur Okologie der Collembolen und Oribatiden im Grenzbereich Land-Meer (Collembola, Insecta - Oribatei, Acari). Zeitschrift für wissenschaftliche Zoologie, 186: 295-391.Search in Google Scholar