Accesso libero

Corrosion problems and solutions in oil, gas, refining and petrochemical industry

   | 22 lug 2017
INFORMAZIONI SU QUESTO ARTICOLO

Cita

1. A. J. Kidnay, W. R. Parrish, D. G. McCartney, Fundamentals of Natural Gas Processing, Second Edition, CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group, Boca Raton, FL, USA, 2011, 552 p.10.1201/b14397Search in Google Scholar

2. NACE MR0175/ISO15156, Petroleum and natural gas industries - Materials for use in H2S-conatining environments in oil and gas production, NACE International, Houston, TX, 2015, 164 p.Search in Google Scholar

3. D. E. Milliams and R.N. Tuttle. ISO 15156/NACE MR0175 - A new international standard for metallic materials for use in oil and gas production in sour environments. Paper no. 03090, NACE CORROSION 2003 Conference, NACE International, Houston, TX, USA, 2003, 10 p.Search in Google Scholar

4. NORSOK M-001, Materials Selection, 5th Edition, 2014, 32 p.Search in Google Scholar

5. Heidersbach R (2011) Metallurgy and Corrosion Control on Oil and Gas Production. John Wiley & Sons, Inc, Hoboken, New Jersey, USA.10.1002/9780470925782Search in Google Scholar

6. M.W. Joosten, J. Kost, J. Hembree, and M. Achour. Organic Acid Corrosion in Oil and Gas Production. Paper no. 02294, NACE CORROSION 2002 Conference, NACE International, Houston, TX, USA, 2002, 13 p.Search in Google Scholar

7. T.R. Andersen, A.M.K. Halvorsen, A Valle, G.P. Kojen, and A. Dugstad. The Influence of Condensation Rate and Acetic Acid Concentration on TOL-Corrosion in Multiphase Pipelines. Paper no. 07312, NACE CORROSION 2007 Conference, NACE International, Houston, TX, USA, 2007, 14 p.Search in Google Scholar

8. K. George, S. Nešić, and C. de Waard, Electrochemical Investigation and Modeling of CO2 Corrosion of Mild Steel in the Presence of Acetic Acid, Paper no. 04379, CORROSION 2004, NACE International, Houston, TX, USA, 2004, 25 p.Search in Google Scholar

9. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), Toxicological profile for mercury. Atlanta, GA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, 1994.Search in Google Scholar

10. J.M. Campbell, Gas Conditioning and Processing, Vol.1: The Basic Principles, 8th ed., Ed. M. John, 2004, Campbell and Company.Search in Google Scholar

11. B. Traconis, Y.D. Mierez, and A. Jimenez. Mercury removal systems at Santa Barbara Extraction Plant. In: Proceedings of the 75th Annual Convention Gas Processors Association, Tulsa, OK, USA, 1996, p. 123.Search in Google Scholar

12. N. Eckersley, Advanced mercury removal technologies. Hydrocarbon Processing, 2010, 69(1): 29-35.Search in Google Scholar

13. J. Stiltner, Mercury removal from natural gas and liquid streams. In: Proceeding of the 81st Annual Convention Gas Processors Association, Tulsa, OK, USA, 2002.Search in Google Scholar

14. Alec Groysman, Corrosion Problems and Solution in Oil Refining and Petrochemical Industry. Springer, Dordrecht, 2016, 356 p.10.1007/978-3-319-45256-2Search in Google Scholar

15. S. Nešić, Key issues related to modelling of internal corrosion of oil and gas pipelines - A review, Corrosion Science, 2007, Vol. 49, pp. 4308-4338.10.1016/j.corsci.2007.06.006Search in Google Scholar

16. F. Vitse, S. Nešić, Y. Gunaltun, D. Larrey de Torreben, and P. Duchet-Suchaux, Mechanistic Model for the Prediction of Top-of-the-Line Corrosion Risk, Corrosion, 2003, 59(12):1075-1084.Search in Google Scholar

17. M. Estavoyer, Corrosion Problems at Lacq Sour Gas Field, In: H2S Corrosion in Oil and Gas Production, NACE, Houston, TX, USA, 1981, p. 905.Search in Google Scholar

18. R. Pailassa, M. Dieumegarde, and M. Estavoyer, Corrosion Control in the Gathering System at Lacq Sour Gas Field, In: H2S Corrosion in Oil and Gas Production, NACE, Houston, TX, USA, 1981, p. 860.Search in Google Scholar

19. R. Nyborg and A. Dugstad. Top of Line Corrosion and Water Condensation Rates in Wet Gas Pipelines. Paper no. 07555, NACE CORROSION 2007 Conference, NACE International, Houston, TX, USA, 2007, 10 p.Search in Google Scholar

20. Y.M. Gunaltun, D. Larrey, Correlation of Cases of Top of Line Corrosion With Calculated Water Condensation Rates, Paper no. 00071, CORROSION 2000, NACE International, Houston, TX, USA, 2000, 15 p.Search in Google Scholar

21. Top-of-Line Corrosion Conclusion: Models updated; remediation strategies set out, Oil & Gas Journal, 2000, July 10, p. 58.Search in Google Scholar

22. Y. M. Gunaltun, Combining Research and Field Data for Corrosion Rate Prediction, Paper no. 27, Corrosion/96 Conference, NACE, Houston, TX, USA, 1996, 16 p.Search in Google Scholar

23. F. Vitse et al., Semi-empirical model for prediction of the Top-Of-the-Line corrosion risk, Paper no. 02245, NACE CORROSION 2002 Conference, NACE International, Houston, TX, USA, 2002, 17 p.Search in Google Scholar

24. Z. Zhang, D. Hinkson, M. Singer, H. Wang, and S. Nesic, A Mechanistic Model of Top of the Line Corrosion, Paper no. 07556, NACE CORROSION 2007 Conference, NACE International, Houston, TX, USA, 2007, 22 p.Search in Google Scholar

25. I. Jevremović, M. Singer, M. Achour, V. Mišković-Stanković and S. Nešić. Evaluation of a Novel Top-ofthe- Line Corrosion (TLC) Mitigation Method in a Large- Scale Flow Loop. Corrosion, 2015, 71(3):389-397.10.5006/1317Search in Google Scholar

26. M. Singer, D. Hinkson, Z. Zhang, H. Wang, and S. Nešić. CO2 Top-of-the-Line Corrosion in Presence of Acetic Acid: A Parametric Study. Corrosion, 2013, 69 (7): 719-735.10.5006/0737Search in Google Scholar

27. I. Jevremović, et al., A Novel Method to Mitigate the Top-of-the-Line Corrosion in Wet Gas Pipelines by Corrosion Inhibitor within a Foam Matrix. Corrosion, 2013, 69(2):186-192.10.5006/0617Search in Google Scholar

28. Y. M. Gunaltun, D. Supriyatman, and J. Achmad, Topof-Line corrosion in gas lines confirmed by condensation analysis, Oil & Gas Journal, 1999, 97(28).Search in Google Scholar

29. Ming Shen, Alla Furman, Rita Kharshan, and Tim Whited, Development of Corrosion Inhibitors for Prevention of Top of the Line Corrosion (TLC), Paper no. 2509, NACE CORROSION 2013 Conference, NACE International, Houston, TX, USA, 2013, 12 p.Search in Google Scholar

30. Z. Belarbi, F. Farelas, M. Singer, and S. Nesic, Role of Amine in the Mitigation of CO2 Top of the Line Corrosion. Paper no. 7274, NACE CORROSION 2016 Conference, NACE International, Houston, TX, USA, 2016, 15 p.10.5006/2121Search in Google Scholar

31. Standard Handbook of Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering, Eds. WC. Lyons, G.J. Plisga, and M. Lorenz, Third Edition, Gulf Professional Publishing, USA, 2015, 1822 p.Search in Google Scholar

32. Alec Groysman, Corrosion for Everybody. Springer- Verlag, Dordrecht, 2010, 368 p.10.1007/978-90-481-3477-9Search in Google Scholar

33. S. Nešić, G.T. Solvi, and J. Enerhaug, Comparison of the Rotating Cylinder and Pipe Flow Tests for Flow-Sensitive Carbon Dioxide Corrosion, Corrosion, 1995, 51(10): 773-787.Search in Google Scholar

34. E.D. Sloan, C. Koh, Clathrate Hydrates of Natural Gases, Third Edition, CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group, USA, 2007, 752 p.10.1201/9781420008494Search in Google Scholar

35. S. Guo, F. Farelas, and M. Singer, Effect of monoethylene glycol on sweet top of the line corrosion. Paper no. 7891, NACE CORROSION 2016 Conference, NACE International, Houston, TX, USA, 2016, 17 p.Search in Google Scholar

36. Study on oil refining and oil markets, Prepared for European Commission by Purvin & Gertz Inc., 2008, 377 p. http://ec.europa.eu/dgs/energy_transport/security/studies/doc/energy/2008_01_study_oil_refining_oil_markets_en.pdfSearch in Google Scholar

37. Use of Corrosion-Resistant Alloys in Oilfield Environments. NACE International Publication 1F192 (2013 Edition), USA, 61 p.Search in Google Scholar

38. Bruce D. Craig, Selection guidelines for corrosion resistant alloys in the oil gas industry, Technical Publication No. 10073, The Nickel Development Institute, 1995, 11p. http://www.stainless-steel-world.net/pdf/10073.pdfSearch in Google Scholar

39. R.D. Kane, B. Craig, A. Venkatesh. Titanium Alloys for Oil and Gas Service: A Review. Paper no. 09078, NACE CORROSION 2009 Conference, NACE International, Houston, TX, 2009, 21 p.Search in Google Scholar

40. L.W. McKeen, R. Albert, and J. Hofmans, Corrosion Testing of Fluorocoatings for Oil/Gas Production Tubing, Paper no. 08029, NACE CORROSION 2008 Conference, NACE International, Houston, TX, USA, 2008, 9 p.Search in Google Scholar

41. C.J. Kau, Luc Vanderschuren, and C.A. Veith, Polyketone Polymers: A New Liner Material for Corrosion Control in Oil and Gas Industry, Paper no. 00787, NACE CORROSION 2000 Conference, NACE International, Houston, TX, USA, 2000, 16 p.Search in Google Scholar

42. Groysman A (2014) Corrosion in Systems for Transportation and Storage of Petroleum Products and Biofuels. Springer, Dordrecht, 297 p.10.1007/978-94-007-7884-9Search in Google Scholar

43. NACE Standard Practice SP0169-2013, Control of External Corrosion on Underground or Submerged Metallic Piping Systems. NACE International, Houston, TX, USA, 2013, 60 p.Search in Google Scholar

44. NORSOK Standard M-CR-503, Cathodic protection, Edition 3, 2007, 15 p.Search in Google Scholar

45. NACE SP0176-2007, Corrosion Control of Submerged Areas of Permanently Installed Steel Offshore Structures Associated with Petroleum Production, NACE International, Houston, TX, USA, 2007, 33 p.Search in Google Scholar

46. NACE Standard RP0193-2001, External Cathodic Protection of On-Grade Carbon Steel Storage Tank Bottoms, NACE International, Houston, TX, USA, 2001, 23 p.Search in Google Scholar

47. NACE International Publication 10A392, Effectiveness of Cathodic Protection on Thermally Insulated Underground Metallic Structures, NACE International, Houston, TX, USA, 2006, 8 p.Search in Google Scholar

48. NACE Standard SP0285-2011, External Corrosion Control of Underground Storage Tank Systems by Cathodic Protection, NACE International, Houston, TX, USA, 2011, 23 p.Search in Google Scholar

49. NACE Standard SP0286-2007, Electrical Isolation of Cathodically Protected Pipelines, NACE International, Houston, TX, USA, 2007, 20 p.Search in Google Scholar

50. NACE Standard Test Method TM0101-2012, Measurement Techniques Related to Criteria for Cathodic Protection of Underground Storage Tank Systems, NACE International, Houston, TX, USA, 2012, 34 p.Search in Google Scholar

51. R. J. Kuhn, Cathodic Protection of Underground Pipe Lines from Soil Corrosion, API Proceedings, November 1933, Vol. 14, p. 157.Search in Google Scholar

52. R. J. Kuhn, Cathodic Protection on Texas Gas Systems, AGA, April 1950.Search in Google Scholar

53. R.A. (Bob) Gummow, Examining the Controversy Surrounding the -850 mV CP Criteria, Pipeline & Gas Journal, 2010, 237(11).Search in Google Scholar

54. A.C. Toncre, The Relationship of Coatings and Cathodic Protection for Underground Corrosion Control, In: ASTM STP 741, Ed. E. Escalante, ASTM, USA, 1981, pp. 166-181.10.1520/STP28263SSearch in Google Scholar

55. M. Foss, E. Gulbrandsen, and J. Sjoblom, Effect of Corrosion Inhibitors and Oil on Carbon Dioxide Corrosion and Wetting of Carbon Steel with Ferrous Carbonate, Corrosion, 2009, 65(1): 3-14.Search in Google Scholar

56. S. A. Bradford, Corrosion Inhibitors, In: Corrosion Control, 2nd edition, ASM International, 2002, pp. 345-371.Search in Google Scholar

57. Paul J. Stone, Corrosion Inhibitors for Oil and Gas Production. In: Corrosion, Vol. 13, Ninth Edition, ASM International, USA, 1987, pp. 478-486.Search in Google Scholar

58. J. Cai, S. Nešić, C. de Waard, Modeling of Water Wetting in Oil-Water Pipe Flow, Paper no. 04663, CORROSION 2004, NACE International, Houston, TX, USA, 2004, 19 p.Search in Google Scholar

59. S. E. Hernandez, J. Bruzual, F. Lopez-Linares, J. G. Luzon, Isolation of Potential Corrosion Inhibiting Compounds in Crude Oils, Paper no. 03330, CORROSION 2003, Houston, TX, USA, NACE International, 2003, 24 p.Search in Google Scholar

60. S. E. Hernandez, S. Duplat, J. R. Vera, E. Baron, A Statistical Approach for Analyzing the Inhibiting Effect of Different Types of Crude Oil in CO2 Corrosion of Carbon Steel, CORROSION 2002, paper no. 02293, Houston, TX, USA, NACE International, 2002, 17 p.Search in Google Scholar

61. C. Mendez, S. Duplat, S. Hernandez, J. Vera, On the Mechanism of Corrosion Inhibition by Crude Oils, Paper no. 01044, CORROSION 2001, Houston, TX, USA, NACE International, 2001, 19 p.Search in Google Scholar

62. B.M. Miksic, A.Y. Furman, M.A. Kharshan, Effectiveness of the Corrosion Inhibitors for the Petroleum Industry Under Various Flow Conditions, Paper no. 09573, CORROSION 2009, NACE International, Houston, TX, USA, 2009, 9 p.Search in Google Scholar

63. I. Jevremović, M. Singer, S. Nešić, and V. Mišković-Stanković. Electrochemistry of carbon dioxide corrosion mitigation using tall oil diethylenetriamine imidazoline as corrosion inhibitor for mild steel. Materials and Corrosion, 2016, 67(7):756-768.10.1002/maco.201508629Search in Google Scholar

64. V.S. Sastri, Green Corrosion Inhibitors, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey, USA, 2011, 310 p.10.1002/9781118015438Search in Google Scholar

65. ASTM G170-01a, Standard Guide for Evaluation and Qualifying Oilfield and Refinery Corrosion Inhibitors in the Laboratory, ASTM International, 2001, 17 p.Search in Google Scholar

66. NACE International Publication 1D182, Wheel Test Method Use for Evaluation of Film-Persistent Corrosion Inhibitors for Oilfield applications, NACE International, Houston, TX, USA, 2005, 4 p.Search in Google Scholar

67. S. Papavinasam, W.R. Revie, M. Attard, A. Demoz, and K. Michaelian, Comparison of Laboratory Methodologies to Evaluate Corrosion Inhibitors for Oil and Gas Pipelines, Corrosion, 2009, 59(10): 897-912.Search in Google Scholar

68. T.H. Bieri, D. Horsup, M. Reading, and R.C. Woolam, Corrosion Inhibitor Screening Using Rapid Response Corrosion Monitoring, Paper no. 06692, CORROSION 2006, NACE International, Houston, TX, USA, 2006, 16 p.Search in Google Scholar

69. NACE SP0775-2013, Preparation, Installation, Analysis, and Interpretation of Corrosion Coupons in Oilfield Operations, NACE International, Houston, TX, USA, 2013, 24 p.Search in Google Scholar

70. D.E. Powell, Methodology for Designing Field Tests to Evaluate Different Types of Corrosion in Crude Oil Production Systems, Paper no. 04367, CORROSION 2004, NACE International, Houston, TX, USA, 2004, 17 p.Search in Google Scholar

71. Techniques for Monitoring Corrosion and Related Parameters in Field Applications, NACE International Publication 3T199 (2012 Edition), 69 p.Search in Google Scholar

72. A. Groysman, Corrosion Monitoring, Corr. Rev., 2009, Vol. 27, Nos. 4-5, pp. 205-343.10.1515/CORRREV.2009.27.4-5.205Search in Google Scholar

73. NACE Standard RP0497-2004, Field Corrosion Evaluation Using Metallic Test Specimens, NACE International, USA, 2004, 26 p.Search in Google Scholar

74. ASTM G4-01(2014). Standard Guide for Conducting Corrosion Tests in Field Applications, ASTM International, USA, 2014, 10 p.Search in Google Scholar

75. ASTM G31-72(2004), Standard Practice for Laboratory Immersion Corrosion Testing of Metals, ASTM International, USA, 2004, 8 p.Search in Google Scholar

76. ASTM G1-03(2011), Standard Practice for Preparing, Cleaning and Evaluating Corrosion Test Specimens, ASTM International, USA, 2011, 9 p.Search in Google Scholar

77. A. Abdulhadi et al., Field and Laboratory Experiences with Advanced Electrical Resistance Online Corrosion Monitoring System, Paper no. 07265, CORROSION 2007, NACE International, Houston, TX, USA, 2007, 10 p.Search in Google Scholar

78. ASTM G96-90(2013), Standard Guide for Online Monitoring of Corrosion in Plant (Electrical and Electrochemical Methods). ASTM International, USA, 2013, 10 p.Search in Google Scholar

79. W.R. Haag and C.Wrenn, The PID Handbook - Theory and Applications of Direct-Reading Photoionization Detectors (PIDs), 2nd. Ed., San Jose, CA: RAE Systems Inc., 2006.Search in Google Scholar

80. J.E. Nyquist, D.L. Wilson, L.A. Norman, and R.B. Gammage, Decreased sensitivity of photoionization detector total organic vapor detectors in the presence of methane. Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J., 1990, 51, pp. 326-330.10.1080/15298669091369745Search in Google Scholar

81. NACE SP0208-2008. Internal Corrosion Direct Assessment Methodology for Liquid Petroleum Pipelines, NACE International, USA, 2008, 35 p.Search in Google Scholar

82. NACE Standard TM0109-2009, Aboveground Survey echniques for the Evaluation of Underground Pipeline oating Condition, NACE International, USA, 2009, 35 p.Search in Google Scholar

83. NACE Standard SP0502-2010, Pipeline External Corrosion irect Assessment Methodology, NACE International, USA, 2010, 57 p.Search in Google Scholar

84. NACE Standard SP0207-2007, Standard Practice Performing Close-Interval Potential Surveys and DC Surface Potential Gradient Surveys on Buried or Submerged Metallic Pipelines, NACE International, USA, 2007, 51 p.Search in Google Scholar

85. S.M. Segall, R.G. Reid, R.A. Gummow, Use of an Integrated CIPS/DCVG Survey in the ECDA Process, Paper No. 06193, CORROSION 2006, NACE International, USA, 2006, 12 p.Search in Google Scholar

86. S.M. Segall, R.A. Gummow, John Shore, and R.G. Reid, Ensuring the Accuracy of Indirect Inspections Data in the ECDA Process, Paper No. 10061, CORROSION 2010, NACE International, USA, 2010, 13 p.Search in Google Scholar

87. Arturo Godoy et al., Numerical Modeling of Cathodic Protection System Looking for Present Condition Evaluation and Improvement of Pipeline Network at Manzanillo, Mexico, Paper No. 10068, CORROSION 2010, NACE International, USA, 2010, 8 p.Search in Google Scholar

88. K.R. Larsen, Proposed Changes to Gas Transmission Pipeline Regulations Intended to Increase Safety, Materials Performance, 2016, 55(12), pp. 16-19.Search in Google Scholar

89. Department of Transportation, Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, “Pipeline Safety: Safety of Gas Transmission and Gathering Pipelines; Proposed Rule,” Federal Register, 2016, 81, 69, pp. 20,722-20,856.Search in Google Scholar

90. U.S. Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Title 49, Part 192, “Transportation of Natural and Other Gas by Pipeline: Minimum Federal Safety Standards”, Washington, DC: Office of Federal Register, 2016.Search in Google Scholar

91. Final Investigation Report “Chevron Richmond Refinery: Pipe Rupture and Fire”, U.S. Chemical Safety and Hazard Investigation Board, Report No. 2012-03-I-CA, January 2015, 132 p.Search in Google Scholar

92. Groysman A, Kaufman A, Feldman B, Balali R, Hydrogen Damage and Prevention in the Oil Refinery, Paper No. 11295, NACE International 2011 Conference, 13-17 March 2011, 15 p.Search in Google Scholar

93. Gutzeit J, Merrick RD, Scharfstein LR (1987) Corrosion in Petroleum Refining and Petrochemical Operations. In: Corrosion, Vol. 13, ASM Handbook, ASM International, USA, pp. 1262-1287.Search in Google Scholar

94. White RA, Ehmke EF (1991) Materials Selection for Refineries and Associated Facilities NACE, USA, p. 65.Search in Google Scholar

95. Gutzeit J (2006) Crude Unit Corrosion Guide. PCC Process Corrosion Consultants, USA.Search in Google Scholar

96. NACE International Publication 43104 (2014) Overview of Sulfidation (Sulfidic) Corrosion in Petroleum Refining Hydroprocessing Units. NACE International, Houston, TX, USA.Search in Google Scholar

97. API RP 939-C (2008) Guidelines for Avoiding Sulfidation (Sulfidic) Corrosion Failures in Oil Refineries. American Petroleum Institute, Washington D.C., USA.Search in Google Scholar

98. Catalytic Naphtha Reforming (2004) Antos GJ, Aitani AM (eds), Second edition, Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York, USA.Search in Google Scholar

99. Wiehe IA (2008) Process Chemistry of Macromolecules. CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group, Boca Raton, FL, USA.Search in Google Scholar

100. Wang W, Watkinson AP (2011) Iron sulfide and coke fouling from sour oils: review and initial experiments. In: Proceedings of International Conference on Heat Exchanger Fouling and Cleaning, June 05-10 2011, Crete Island, Greece, pp. 23-30.Search in Google Scholar

101. Shah P et al (2015) Advances in processing high naphthenic acid crudes. PTQ Q2 2015, 1-7. www.digitalrefining.com/article/1001119.Search in Google Scholar

102. Johnson D, MacAteer G, Zuk H (2002) Naphthenic Acid Corrosion Field Evaluation and Mitigation Studies. ERTC (European Refining Technology Conference), 7th Annual Meeting, Paris, France.Search in Google Scholar

103. Jayaraman A, Singh H, Lefebvre Y (1986) Naphthenic Acid Corrosion in Petroleum Refineries. A Review. Revue de l`Institute Francais Du Pétrole 41(2):265-274.10.2516/ogst:1986016Search in Google Scholar

104. Speight JG (2014) High Acid Crudes. Elsevier Inc., Oxford.Search in Google Scholar

105. Grewer DM, Young RF, Whittal RM, Fedorak PM (2010) Naphthenic acids and other acid-extractables in water samples from Alberta: What is being measured? Science of the Total Environment 408:5997-6010.10.1016/j.scitotenv.2010.08.01320825979Search in Google Scholar

106. Piehl RL (1988) Naphthenic acid corrosion in crude distillation units. Mater. Perform. 27(1):37-43.Search in Google Scholar

107. Kane RD, Chambers B (2011) High Temperature Crude Oil Corrosivity: Where Sulfur and Naphthenic Acid Chemistry and Metallurgy Meet. Paper 4A presented at the Corrosion Solutions Conference 2011 Proceedings, pp. 137-144.Search in Google Scholar

108. Kane RD, Cayard MS (2002) A Comprehensive Study on Naphthenic Acid Corrosion. Paper No. 02555, NACE CORROSION 2002 conference, NACE International, Houston, TX, USA.Search in Google Scholar

109. Kane R, Trillo E (2006) The State-of-the-Art of Naphthenic Acid and Sulfidic Corrosion Evaluation and Prediction. Presentation at the 2006 Spring Meeting & 2nd Global Congress on Process Safety, 9th Topical Conference on Refinery Processing, AIChE, USA.Search in Google Scholar

110. Bota GM et al (2010) Naphthenic Acid Corrosion of Mild Steel in the Presence of Sulfide Scales Formed in Crude Oil Fractions at High Temperature. Paper No. 10353, NACE CORROSION 2010 conference, NACE International, Houston, TX, USA.Search in Google Scholar

111. Groysman A et al (2007) Naphthenic Acid Corrosion Study. In: Procedd. EUROCORR conference, 9-13 September 2007, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany.Search in Google Scholar

112. Groysman A et al (2007) Low Temperature Naphthenic Acid Corrosion Study. Paper No. 07569, NACE CORROSION 2007 conference, NACE International, Houston, TX, USA.Search in Google Scholar

113. Liu HJ, Dean JW, Bosen SF (1995) Neutralization Technology to Reduce Corrosion from Heat Stable Amine Salts. Paper No. 572, NACE conference Corrosion/95, NACE International, Houston, TX, USA.Search in Google Scholar

114. Gregory RA, Cohen MF (1988) Removal of salts from aqueous alkanolamine using an electrodialysis cell with ion exchange membrane. European Patent 286,143.Search in Google Scholar

115. API RP 941 (2008) Steels for Hydrogen Service at Elevated Temperatures and Pressures in Petroleum Refineries and Petrochemical Plants. Seventh Edition, American Petroleum Institute, Washington, D.C., USA.Search in Google Scholar

116. Bottoms RR (1930) Process for separating acidic gases. US Patent 1,783,901.Search in Google Scholar

117. DuPart MS, Bacon TR, Edwards DJ (1993) Understanding corrosion in alkanolamine gas treating plants. Hydrocarbon Processing. Part 1, 72(4):75-79. Part 2, 72(5):89-94.Search in Google Scholar

118. Burns D, Gregory RA (1995) The UCARSEP™ Process for On-Line Removal of Non-Regenerable Salts form Amine Units. Paper presented at the Laurance Reid Gas Conditioning Conference, The University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA.Search in Google Scholar

119. Groysman A, Erdman N (2000) A Study of Corrosion of Mild Steel in Mixtures of Petroleum Distillates and Electrolytes. Corrosion 56(12):1266-1271.10.5006/1.3280515Search in Google Scholar

120. Groysman A (2005) Corrosion of Aboveground Fuel Storage Tanks. Mater. Perform. 44(9):44-48.Search in Google Scholar

121. A. Groysman, The Role of Corrosion Management in Prevention of Corrosion Failures, Paper No. 7252, NACE International 2016 Conference, 6-10 March 2016, Vancouver, Canada, 15 p.Search in Google Scholar

eISSN:
1804-1213
Lingua:
Inglese
Frequenza di pubblicazione:
4 volte all'anno
Argomenti della rivista:
Industrial Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, Materials Sciences, Ceramics and Glass