<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

This paper refers to the inventory of pollutant emissions in Poland from different transport categories over the period 1990–2020. The changes in the annual national emissions of selected pollutants, i.e. nitrogen oxides, non-methane volatile organic compounds, sulfur oxides, PM2.5, PM10, total suspended particulate matter, carbon monoxide, and lead were analysed. The shares of the national annual emissions of the examined pollutants from each studied transport category in the national annual emission from total transport were assessed. The sensitivity of the national annual pollutant emission inventory with regard to the transport categories and emitted substances under the study was assessed.
The trend of decrease in the national annual emissions of the substances analysed was appraised as positive in the face of a substantial intensification of transport activities. Taking into account the fact that road transportation is responsible for a dominant share of the national emission of pollutants, important progress in the reduction of emissions is attributable to the substantial technical improvement of the internal combustion engines of road vehicles.
</abstract>

Assessment of pollutant emission in Poland from various categories of transport

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

Climate change will have a significant impact on forests as most of the factors determining their condition are modified by the effects of the climate change process. Some of these effects are a change in the distribution and amount of precipitation, an increase in the frequency of extreme meteorological phenomena, including hurricane winds, temperature distribution, or a change in the length of the growing season. In order to maintain the productivity of Polish forests and the range of ecosystem services they provide, the forestry sector will have to adapt to these changes. However, forestry will also have to take a part in holding back climate change. Achieving climate neutrality by mid-21st century and ensuring a 55% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions by 2030 will not be possible without using the ability of forests to absorb and permanently store carbon.
Polish forestry seems to be insufficiently prepared for the challenges ahead. A new national forestry policy has not been developed in the past twenty years, which results, inter alia, in a lack of any clear indication of the role of Polish forests in climate protection. Adaptation to the effects of climate change is hampered by the lack of up-to-date, detailed scenarios of how this process will affect the climate factors in Poland. Particularly dangerous, in light of the role of forests in climate protection, is a significant decrease in the afforested area, which in turn leads to a reduction in the amount of carbon absorbed by them. Another obstacle to implementation of effective measures may be the growing disparity between the current forestry practice and social expectations, as well as a low degree of willingness from the State Forests to cooperate with stakeholders who present different opinions on how to conduct forest management. This obstacle may lead to disputes about the management of Polish forests at the European Union level and rulings of the Court of Justice of the European Union.
The conducted analyses showed that cooperation with a wide range of stakeholders will be the basic condition for the inclusion of Polish forests in the implementation of climate policy objectives on a greater scale. It should help define the role of this sector in this process, implement the necessary adaptative and climate protection measures, and support activities aimed at acquiring new land for afforestation.
</abstract>

Department of Visual Arts at the Faculty of Architecture

The role of socialisation of the forest management system in Poland in the face of the need to mitigate climate change

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

The article, meant as the first in a series, tries to answer some questions around the future desired shape of the new Polish electro-energy mix in relation to the one described in the national energy policy document PEP 2040 (Energy Policy of Poland till 2040) and as compared with the targets set up in the newest UE legislative package, ‘Fit-for-55’. In this article, I first present the rich overview of literature as well as economic theory behind the analysis of the energy transformation and energy-mix decarbonisation, in order to show how the energy mix should evolve in a way that will guarantee the biggest net gain to the society. Second, some comparable cost calculations on selected electro-energy sources, both LCOE (levelized cost of energy) and external costs are presented; these are modifications of my previous work as a co-author. Finally, the comparison of the 2040 electro-energy mix, as designed in the official governmental programme PEP 2040, with the two alternative scenarios, both of which exclude coal, and one also neglects the possibilities for nuclear energy to be included in the mix are presented. The alternative scenarios built into the paper are based on European Union (EU) plans to decarbonise Europe quickly. Recent geopolitical considerations related to the war in Ukraine, however, make it necessary to consider energy security as an important part of the plan. That would mean that nuclear energy would be a necessary component of the future mix in Poland. Security considerations are left to be analysed in the coming months, after a series of articles on lessons learnt by other developed countries in the process of making their energy-mix transformations and will complete the final recommendations for the future of the Polish energy mix.
</abstract>

Energy Transformation: Challenges and Opportunities — The Polish Case

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Environmental Protection and Natural Resources

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Environmental Protection and Natural Resources

Volume 33 (2022): Issue 3 (September 2022)

Assessment of pollutant emission in Poland from various categories of transport

The role of socialisation of the forest management system in Poland in the face of the need to mitigate climate change

Energy Transformation: Challenges and Opportunities — The Polish Case

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