<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
This paper aims to verify the relationship between the international markets for crude oil and carbon credits. We studied the returns of prices practiced in these markets, focusing on the transmission of shocks between oil prices and carbon credit prices. The methodological approach used financial econometrics to study these variables’ risk and return relationships. Besides causality and cointegration hypothesis tests, the VECM and GARCH models were estimates. There is a short- and long-term interaction between these variables. The volatility models show a significant association between the volatilities of the two variables of interest. Fossil fuels, mainly crude oil, generate energy that has substantial restrictions. At the same time, the carbon credits market has shown significant growth that can contribute to the use of energy from fossil fuels with parsimony and responsibility. Studying these variables and their interactions contributes to understanding the importance of the carbon market.
</abstract>

Carbon Credits and Crude Oil: An Investigation of the Price Returns Interaction in the International Market

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
Although, in theory, a considerable amount of literature emphasizes the significance of employee incentive pay, there is not much empirical research indicating their dispersion in practice. The primary purpose of this study is to explore the level of implementation of various incentives in three countries: Slovenia, Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina. The research was conducted on a sample of 321 companies. Data for this study were extracted from the CRANET dataset. The latest data collection cycle was conducted in 2021-2022. In addition to descriptive statistics, the Pearson Chi-Square Test and Cramer’s V test were used to test hypotheses. The research results indicate a statistically significant difference in using most observed compensation elements among the observed countries. The study contributes to compensation management literature by presenting empirical data regarding the degree of implementation of various compensation instruments in three observed countries.
</abstract>

From Theory to Practice: Incentives for Managers and Professionals

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
Recurrent health crises and outbreaks of infectious diseases of international concern have created a specific EU public health policy. Its role was further strengthened by the COVID-19 pandemic, which triggered the next stage in the integration process of the Member States: the European Health Union. The research is carried out using a literature review method (a review of literature and documents in the field of public health policy and the European Health Union) and a comparative-legal method for comparing EU legal acts on which the Health Union is based (endogenous comparison) and the legal acts of EU and the Republic of Slovenia (exogenous comparison). The findings are examined using a qualitative content analysis method, which allows for meaningful aggregation and use of the data under study to answer the research questions. The European Health Union builds on and extends existing areas of public health and requires greater integration between Member States. One of its most essential pillars is a single information system with a single database to improve the health of individuals, resilience to cross-border health crises, patient mobility, and joint research on the most severe diseases. Member States, including Slovenia, must follow EU public health commitments. As the Slovenian legislative proposal analysis on the digitalization of healthcare shows, this challenging task will also require respect for the institute (safeguards) of other areas of law.
</abstract>

EU Health Union: Legal Aspects and Digital Health

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
The study of wage determinants goes back to the beginning of economic science, with theoretical and empirical foundations providing the basis for the specification of a model of the wage function. Using the OLS method, we study the determinants of real wages for Estonia between 2006Q3 and 2022Q3 and Latvia between 2004Q1 and 2022Q3. The lagged dependent variable exerts the most considerable impact on real wages, i.e., real wages in the preceding quarter. We find that unemployment has a relatively larger impact on real wage dynamics than real productivity in the Latvian than in Estonian model. In the Estonian model, real productivity has a relatively stronger impact than unemployment in explaining real wages. In both countries, changes in real productivity impact real wages with a one-quarter lag. The findings on the relative influence of real wage determinants guide economic policymakers in targeting measures that could increase real wages in both countries.
</abstract>

Wage Function Estimation of Estonia and Latvia

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
Global leading and leadership are two of the most relevant topics in contemporary management literature, as shown by the scientific interest and the number of papers that reflect this topic from several different points of view. This paper’s purpose was to review the current research and papers published in this field in the last decade. For this purpose, visualization was done in the VOSviewer application. Findings show that the frequency of publication had doubled in the analyzed period, with the following competencies considered the most important ones for global leaders: a global mindset, emotional intelligence, high ethical standards, fairness, empowering individuals in the team, and caring for your team. The paper provides insight into general trends in research and key research conclusions that have implications and applications in the real sector. It proposes directions for future research based on detected research gaps.
</abstract>

Global Leading and Competencies of Global Leaders

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
Eye-tracking technology has become increasingly popular in studying consumer behavior and decision-making as a part of the marketing research area. The paper highlights the importance of eye tracking in the study of consumer behavior including the use of eye tracking in virtual reality environments, the integration of eye tracking with other physiological measures, and the development of more sophisticated analytical techniques. By observing eye movements and fixations researchers can gain insight into the visual and cognitive processes underlying consumer choices. For this reason, a literature review of relevant studies provides a detailed synthesis of the development of eye-tracking experiments. This paper contributes to the latest findings on consumer behavior in the field of eye-tracking technology.
</abstract>

Overview of the Use of Eye-Tracking Technology for Monitoring Consumer Views

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Naše gospodarstvo/Our economy

 Naše gospodarstvo/Our economy – Journal of Contemporary Issues in Economics and Business (NGOE) is a quarterly, double-blind peer reviewed international scientific journal, focusing on economics and business sciences. Scientific articles and review papers provide new insights into the research topics of both disciplines. The journal aims to provide a venue for high quality theoretical and empirical articles that significantly contribute to the disciplines of economic and business sciences.   NGOE promotes particularly the publication of articles that address issues in the following areas of economics and business sciences: Business Economics, Economic Growth and Development, Economic Policy, Economic Theory, Econometrics and Statistics, Financial Economics, History of Economic Thought, International Economics, Labour Economics, Political Economy, Public Finance, Social Policy, Social Economics, Sustainable Economics, Accounting, Auditing, Banking and Finance, Change Management, Corporate Law, Corporate Social Responsibility, Crisis Management, Decision Making, Education Management, Entrepreneurship, Ethics in Business, Health Management, Human Resource Management, Information Management, Innovation Management, International Business, Logistics and Supply Chain Management, Marketing, Operations Management, Organizational Behaviour, Organizational Development, Portfolio Management, Product Development Management, Production Management, Project Management, Public Administration, Risk Management, Services Management, Strategic Management, Systems Theory, Taxation, Tourism Management, Sustainable Business.   Why Subscribe and Read   The articles published in NGOE aim to synthesise and integrate the advanced knowledge of economics and business research, to promote the enrichment and integration of ideas among the areas of economics and business sciences.   Why Submit   Published continuously since 1955, NGOE is moving towards higher publication standards and we have taken important steps towards reaching global readership. We maintain a rapid review and publication process. The double-blind peer review process takes between five and seven weeks on average.   Publication Charges   There is no article processing charges (APC) nor article submission charges.   Peer review process   The aim of the peer review process is to ensure that high-quality and original research is published. All articles published in the Journal of Contemporary Issues in Economics and Business Naše gospodarstvo/Our Economy (NGOE) are peer-reviewed and all papers submitted follow the procedure outlined below.   Initial paper evaluation   All papers submitted for publication consideration in NGOE are first evaluated by the Editor-in-Chief. Papers which fall outside the aims and scope of the journal or fail to meet the requirements of a scientific research will either be rejected at this initial point or returned to the author for revision. Papers are never accepted by the Editor-in-Chief without the reports of two reviewers, at least.   Plagiarism checking   Papers that pass the initial evaluation stage are subject to a similarity/plagiarism scanning by using a plagiarism screening program. Any paper with a similarity percentage (excluding references) greater than 25 % will be rejected. Manuscripts that pass the initial evaluation stage and have a similarity rate below 25 % proceed to the referee process. All submitted papers are subject to anti-plagiarism control in the iThenticate system.   Peer review   NGOE employs double-anonymous reviewing, where both the referee and author remain anonymous throughout the process.   Instructions for reviewers   The primary objective of the reviewer's evaluation is to provide sufficient and unambiguous answers to the following questions and also recommendations for possible changes and improvements to the paper:    does the title match the subject of the paper and does the subject of the paper correspond with the area of interest of the journal (according to "Aims and Scope"),   is the Abstract correct, i.e. short but presenting the main results of the researches and conclusions based on these results,   does the Introduction present the subject and the objective of the researches correctly,   are the implemented methods used properly and is the research material sufficient,   are the results described, analyzed, commented on and presented correctly, without repetitions of data in tables and diagrams,   is the discussion presented correctly, based on actual knowledge and with the use of properly chosen scientific literature (as recent as possible),   do the conclusions generalize the obtained results and provide recommendations, which are appropriately prepared on the basis of results and are not merely the repetition of those results,   does the paper introduce new and interesting information and does it have sufficient impact and add to the knowledge base.    The formal evaluation of the paper should include answers to the following questions:    whether the layout and contents of tables and graphs is readable and convenient for recipients   is the information in tables not repeated in graphs and vice versa,   are there no reservations about the length of the paper, its linguistic correctness, the method of citation of the literature and usage of units, etc.?    Reviewers' evaluation   Papers are sent to at least two reviewers assigned by the Editor-in-Chief or Co-editor. The reviewers are chosen according to their expertise. Reviewers are asked to evaluate the manuscript’s originality, methodology, contribution to the literature, presentation of results and support for the conclusions, and appropriate referencing of previous relevant studies. Reviewers may either recommend accepting the manuscript, rejecting the manuscript or may require a revision for content and/or technical issues. When making a final recommendation, the reviewers should clearly state whether the paper is suitable for publication in journal. In the case of a positive answer, the reviewers indicate whether:    it might be accepted without changes,   it might be accepted after minor changes, suggested by the reviewer in the manuscript or in his/her opinion,   it might be accepted after major changes (please indicate them).    The detailed evaluation criteria are outlined in the Paper Review Form.If the reviews are positive they are sent for the reviews to the corresponding author. For a paper to be accepted for publication, two positive reviews are required. In case one reviewer's report is negative while the other is positive, the paper is forwarded to a third reviewer for additional evaluation. When a revision is required by the reviewer, the author(s) are to consider the critical observations and suggestions offered by the referees, and a revised paper should be submitted within a set deadline, otherwise it will be assumed to have been withdrawn. Reviewers may request more than one revision of a paper.   Final evaluation   Based on the corrected versions of the paper and the answers to the reviews the Editors take the final decision as to whether to publish the paper or not.Proofs are sent to the corresponding author and should be returned within the set deadline.Every year a list of Reviewers collaborating with the Editors of the NGOE is shown on the Journal's website when all four issues of the journal have been sent to print.   The data on society or institution responsible for the journal and the country where it is based:   University of Maribor, Faculty of Economics and Business, Slovenia     Publication Frequency   NGOE is published quarterly.   Plagiarism Prevention Policy   Original unpublished scientific papers which have not been submitted for publication elsewhere can be submitted to NGOE. The editorial board is participating in a growing community of Similarity Check System's users in order to ensure that the content published is original and trustworthy. Similarity Check is a medium that allows for comprehensive manuscripts screening, aimed to eliminate plagiarism and provide a high standard and quality peer-review process.   Archiving   Sciendo archives the contents of this journal in Portico - digital long-term preservation service of scholarly books, journals and collections. 