Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Alexandra Hospital

Department of Oncology, 401 General Military Hospital

Cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 4/6 inhibitors in oncology

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>The emergence of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 4 and 6 inhibitors has brought a new approach in the treatment of advanced hormone receptor (HR) positive breast cancer and human epidermal growth factor (HER) 2 negative breast cancer. To date, three CDK 4/6 inhibitors, palbociclib, ribociclib, and abemaciclib, are approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA); the first two agents are approved by the European Medicines Agency (EMA) as well. The family of CDKs consists of key regulatory enzymes that play a significant role in cell cycle progression. The aim of this review is to give an overview of the mechanism of action and the efficacy of CDK4/6 inhibitors and to highlight the most serious adverse events and the drug interactions related to these agents.</p></abstract>

424 General Military Hospital of Thessaloniki

Papageorgiou General Hospital of Thessaloniki

The Pharmacological Profile of Cyclin-dependent Kinase (CDK) 4/6 Inhibitors: Clinical Management of Toxicity and Drug Interactions Related to CDK 4/6 Inhibitor-based Treatment in Advanced/Metastatic Breast Cancer

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><sec><h3>Background</h3><p>Disturbance in cell cycle regulatory genes is a common finding among many types of cancers. The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of cyclin D1 and DJ-1 in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer (PC).</p></sec><sec><h3>Method</h3><p>The current study enclosed 40 patients diagnosed with PC and 40 cases of BPH. The expression level of cyclin D1 and DJ-1 were evaluated by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Cyclin D1 scored depending on the percentage of stained nuclear tumor cells. While scoring of DJ-1 was based on intensity. The results were correlated with clinicopathological features and outcome.</p></sec><sec><h3>Results</h3><p>In the PC group, cyclin D1 was detected in 95% and overexpressed in 42.5%, DJ-1 was positively stained in 85% and overexpressed in 47.5%. Meanwhile, in the BPH group, cyclin D1 was not detected and DJ-1 stained in only 2.5%. There was a statistically significant difference in Gleason score (GS), tumor stage, size, and treatment failure (p =&lt; 0.001). In the terms of PC diagnosis prediction, although cyclin D1 was more specific (100%), DJ-1 is more sensitive than cyclin D1 (80%, 70%, respectively) (p = 0.000).</p></sec><sec><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Cyclin D1 and DJ-1 may emerge as a promising way for diagnosis of PC in certain circumstances, as the presence of insufficient tissue sampling, small foci of carcinoma or benign lesions mimic PC. This is in addition to the known role of cyclin D1 and DJ-1 in PC prognosis.</p></sec></abstract>

Medical Oncology Department, Faculty of Medicine

Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine

Kasr EL Einy center of clinical oncology and nuclear (NEMROCK)

Clinical oncology Department, Faculty of Medicine

Impact of cyclin D1 and DJ-1 on diagnosis, clinico-pathological features and outcome in prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><sec><h3>Background</h3><p>This study aimed to report a cancer registry in Clinical Oncology and Nuclear Medicine Department, Mansoura University Hospital in 2015.</p></sec><sec><h3>Patients and Methods</h3><p>All cancer patients who were registered in the department of Clinical Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Mansoura University Hospital in the time period from January 1<sup>st</sup>, 2015 to December 31<sup>st</sup>, 2015, were enrolled in this study. The data in the outpa­tient clinic index including patient’s name, age, sex and diagnosis were collected.</p></sec><sec><h3>Results</h3><p>The included patients were 1146 males (43.7%) and 1474 females (56.3%), the male to female ratio was 1:1.3. The median age for patients was 54 years, and it ranged from 1.5 to 93 years. The median age at diagnosis for female and male patients was 52 years and 57 years, respectively. The most common sites for cancer in females were breast (47.2%), thyroid (7.6%), colon and rectum (5.7%), non-Hodgkin (3.6%), uterus, brain and then ovary. However, the most common cancer sites among males were bladder (9.7%), colon and rectum (9.2%), lung (8.5%), hepatobiliary region (7.9%), brain (6.6%), non-Hodgkin lymphoma (6.6%) and then prostatic cancer.</p></sec><sec><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The current report provides a first cancer registry for this hospital based on data, to be further included in cancer statistics.</p></sec></abstract>

Cancer Registry Report in Mansoura University Hospital, Egypt in 2015

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Past decade has seen the advent of several prognosticators for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Although TNM staging is still considered as the prognostic gold standard, it is not possible to obtain all the necessary information for a pathological TNM staging until excisional biopsy. Thus, it is necessary to identify features from the initial biopsy, which could aid in early prognostication.</p><sec><h3>Aim</h3><p>To compare neutrophil elastase immuno-expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma patients with and without lymph node metastasis.</p></sec><sec><h3>Materials and Methods</h3><p>Archival specimens of 50 oral squamous cell carcinoma consisting of 25 cases with and 25 cases without lymph node metastasis were immuno-stained for neutrophil elastase.</p></sec><sec><h3>Results</h3><p>Statistically, a significant difference was noted in the neutrophil elastase staining between the 2 groups. 18 of the 25-oral squamous cell carcinoma cases with lymph node metastasis were positive and only 5 of the 25-oral squamous cell carcinoma cases without nodal involvement were positive.</p></sec><sec><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Presence of neutrophil elastase in the lesional tissue is strongly associated with a lymph node involvement, and thus could serve as a prognostic factor for oral squamous cell carcinoma.</p></sec></abstract>

Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology

Assessing the potential role of neutrophil elastase as a prognostic indicator in oral squamous cell carcinoma

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Volume 10 (2019): Issue 2 (December 2019)

Editorial

Cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 4/6 inhibitors in oncology

Review Article

The Pharmacological Profile of Cyclin-dependent Kinase (CDK) 4/6 Inhibitors: Clinical Management of Toxicity and Drug Interactions Related to CDK 4/6 Inhibitor-based Treatment in Advanced/Metastatic Breast Cancer

Research Article

Impact of cyclin D1 and DJ-1 on diagnosis, clinico-pathological features and outcome in prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia

Cancer Registry Report in Mansoura University Hospital, Egypt in 2015

Assessing the potential role of neutrophil elastase as a prognostic indicator in oral squamous cell carcinoma

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