Smell discrimination and identification scores in Thai adults with normosmia
, y | 31 ene 2017
Acerca de este artículo
Article Category: Brief communication (Original)
Publicado en línea: 31 ene 2017
Páginas: 789 - 795
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5372/1905-7415.0906.452
Palabras clave
© 2015 Bangon Pinkaew, Paraya Assanasen, Chaweewan Bunnag
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.
Olfactory threshold detection test, and smell discrimination and identification scores of Thai healthy participants (n = 128).
| Age unpaired analysis of variance between age ranges | Phenyl ethyl alcohol test Mann–Whitney Kruskal–Wallis test between age ranges. | Smell discrimination test Mann–Whitney Kruskal–Wallis test between age ranges. | Smell identification test unpaired analysis of variance between age ranges | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex | ||||
| Male (n = 64) | 36.1 ± 11.73 | –10.00 (–10.00 to –8.75) | 16.0 (13.5 to 16.0) | 7.77 ± 1.57 |
| Female (n = 64) | 35.7 ± 11.36 | –10.00 (–10.00 to –9.75) | 16.0 (14.5 to 16.0) | 8.28 ± 1.34 |
| | 0.83 | 0.001 Significant differences at the level of | 0.03 Significant differences at the level of | 0.051 |
| Age | ||||
| 18-25 years (n = 32) | 22.19 ± 2.35 | –10.00 (–10.00 to –9.75) | 16.0 (15.0 to 16.0) | 7.66 ± 1.24 |
| 26-35 years (n = 32) | 30.06 ± 2.69 | –10.00 (–10.00 to –9.75) | 16.0 (14.5 to 16.0) | 8.45 ± 1.52 |
| 36-45 years (n = 32) | 39.63 ± 2.55 | –10.00 (–10.00 to –9.75) | 16.0 (15.0 to 16.0) | 8.25 ± 1.44 |
| 46-60 years (n = 32) | 51.78 ± 4.36 | –10.00 (–10.00 to –8.75) | 16.0 (13.5 to 16.0) | 7.75 ± 1.59 |
| | < 0.0001 Significant differences at the level of | 0.012 Significant differences at the level of | 0.48 | 0.09 |
| Lateralization | ||||
| Right side (n = 128) | 35.91 ± 11.50 | –10.00 (–10.00 to –8.25) | 16.0 (13.0 to 16.0) | 7.92 ± 1.59 |
| Left side (n = 128) | 35.91 ± 11.50 | –10.00 (–10.00 to –8.25) | 16.0 (13.0 to 16.0) | 8.13 ± 1.50 |
| | 1.00 | 0.82 | 0.26 | 0.46 |
| All participants (n = 128) | 35.91 ± 11.50 | –10.00 (–10.00 to –8.75) | 16.0 (13.5 to 16.0) | 7.95 ± 1.53 |
Correct smell identification for each nostril in the 1st and 2nd trial and familiar odorant identified in 1st and 2nd rank
| Odorant | Correct smell identification (%) | Familiar odorant identified (%) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Side | 1st trial | 2nd trial | 1st rank | 2nd rank | |
| Chocolate | Rt | 54.0 | 65.6 | Vanilla (19.5) | Cocoa (14.1) |
| Lt | 65.6 | 65.6 | Cocoa (18.0) | Vanilla (8.6) | |
| Coffee | Rt | 92.2 | 98.4 | Smoke (1.6) | Tobacco smoke (1.6) |
| Lt | 96.9 | 97.7 | Tobacco smoke (0.8) | Tea leaf (0.8) | |
| Tobacco | Rt | 45.3 | 47.7 | Herbal medicine (18.0) | Tea leaf (15.6) |
| Lt | 50.0 | 53.9 | Te a leaf (14.8) | Herbal medicine (14.8) | |
| Pepper | Rt | 64.1 | 71.9 | Spices (10.2) | Herbal medicine (9.4) |
| Lt | 75.0 | 81.3 | Herbal medicine (7.0) | Spices (5.5) | |
| Garlic | Rt | 62.5 | 77.3 | Spices (8.6) | Sour pork (3.9) |
| Lt | 75.8 | 80.5 | Spices (9.4) | Sour pork (4.7) | |
| Orange | Rt | 72.7 | 78.1 | Pomelo (15.6) | Lime (7.8) |
| Lt | 77.3 | 80.0 | Pomelo (14.8) | Lime (3.1) | |
| Banana | Rt | 75.8 | 77.3 | Vanilla (2.3) | Bread (1.6) |
| Lt | 81.3 | 81.3 | Vanilla (1.6) | Cake (1.6) | |
| Ammonia | Rt | 80.5 | 84.4 | Ethyl alcohol (3.9) | Herb inhaler (3.9) |
| Lt | 87.5 | 90.6 | Ethyl alcohol (2.3) | Herb inhaler (2.3) | |
| Kaffir (makrut) lime | Rt | 61.7 | 75.0 | Orange (9.4) | Lime (5.5) |
| Lt | 67.2 | 71.1 | Lemongrass (10.9) | Pomelo (10.2) | |
| Baby soap | Rt | 78.1 | 80.5 | Perfume (12.5) | Flower (6.3) |
| Lt | 81.3 | 82.0 | Perfume (11.0) | Flower (3.9) | |