Acceso abierto

Islamophobic Discourse of Czech Politicians and Political Parties on Twitter during the 2015 Migration Crisis


Cite

Androvičová, Jarmila. 2015. “Sekuritizácia migrantov na Slovensku – analýza diskurzu.” [Securitization of migrants in Slovakia – analysis of discourse]. Sociológia 47 (4): 319–339.AndrovičováJarmila2015“Sekuritizácia migrantov na Slovensku – analýza diskurzu.” [Securitization of migrants in Slovakia – analysis of discourse]Sociológia474319339Search in Google Scholar

Balzacq, Thierry. 2005. “The Three Faces of Securitization: Political Agency, Audience and Context.” European Journal of International Relations 11 (2): 171–201.BalzacqThierry2005“The Three Faces of Securitization: Political Agency, Audience and Context.”European Journal of International Relations11217120110.1177/1354066105052960Search in Google Scholar

Balzacq, Thierry. 2011. “Enquiries into methods: a new framework for securitization analysis.” In Securitization Theory: How security problems emerge and dissolve, edited by Thierry Balzacq, 31–53. Abingdon: Routledge.BalzacqThierry2011“Enquiries into methods: a new framework for securitization analysis.”InSecuritization Theory: How security problems emerge and dissolveedited byBalzacqThierry3153AbingdonRoutledge10.4324/9780203868508-9Search in Google Scholar

Bobako, Monika. 2018. “Semi-peripheral Islamophobias: the political diversity of anti-Muslim discourses in Poland.” Patterns of Prejudice 1–13.BobakoMonika2018“Semi-peripheral Islamophobias: the political diversity of anti-Muslim discourses in Poland.”Patterns of Prejudice11310.1080/0031322X.2018.1490112Search in Google Scholar

Brubaker, Rogers. 2017. “Between nationalism and civilizationism: the European populist moment in comparative perspective.” Ethnic and Racial Studies 40 (8): 1191–1226.BrubakerRogers2017“Between nationalism and civilizationism: the European populist moment in comparative perspective.”Ethnic and Racial Studies4081191122610.1080/01419870.2017.1294700Search in Google Scholar

Bruneau, Emile, Nour Kteily, and Lasse Laustsen. 2017. “The unique effects of blatant dehumanization on attitudes and behavior towards Muslim refugees during the European refugee crisis across four countries.” European Journal of Social Psychology, 48 (5): 645–662.BruneauEmileKteilyNourLaustsenLasse2017“The unique effects of blatant dehumanization on attitudes and behavior towards Muslim refugees during the European refugee crisis across four countries.”European Journal of Social Psychology48564566210.1002/ejsp.2357Search in Google Scholar

Buzan, Barry, Ole Waever, and Jaap de Wilde. 1998. Security: A New Framework for Analysis. London: Lynne Rienner Publishers, Inc.BuzanBarryWaeverOlede WildeJaap1998Security: A New Framework for AnalysisLondonLynne Rienner Publishers, Inc.10.1515/9781685853808Search in Google Scholar

Cesari, Jocelyne. 2012. “Securitization of Islam in Europe.” Die Welt des Islams, 52 (3/4): 430–449.CesariJocelyne2012“Securitization of Islam in Europe.”Die Welt des Islams523/443044910.1057/9781137121202.0011Search in Google Scholar

Čermáková, Jana, Simona Bartošová. 2015. “Okamurovy výroky o muslimech byly chybou, říká poslanec Úsvitu Černoch. [Okamura’s statements about Muslims were mistake, says member of parliament from Úsvit, Černoch].” iROZHLAS, January 6, 2015. https://www.irozhlas.cz/zpravy-domov/okamurovy-vyroky-o-muslimech-byly-chybou-rika-poslanec-usvitu-cernoch_201501061531_sbartosova.ČermákováJanaBartošováSimona2015“Okamurovy výroky o muslimech byly chybou, říká poslanec Úsvitu Černoch. [Okamura’s statements about Muslims were mistake, says member of parliament from Úsvit, Černoch].”iROZHLASJanuary62015https://www.irozhlas.cz/zpravy-domov/okamurovy-vyroky-o-muslimech-byly-chybou-rika-poslanec-usvitu-cernoch_201501061531_sbartosovaSearch in Google Scholar

Černý, Karel. 2017. “Anti-Semitism Yesterday and Islamophobia Today: A Central-European Perspective.” RUDN Journal of Sociology, 17 (3): 399–407.ČernýKarel2017“Anti-Semitism Yesterday and Islamophobia Today: A Central-European Perspective.”RUDN Journal of Sociology17339940710.22363/2313-2272-2017-17-3-399-407Search in Google Scholar

ČTK. 2015. “KSČM: Muslimové musejí ukázat pravdivou tvář islámu.” [KSČM: Muslims have to show the true face of Islam]. TÝDEN.cz. Accessed January 9, 2015. https://www.tyden.cz/rubriky/domaci/politika/kscm-muslimove-museji-ukazat-pravdivou-tvar-islamu_329577.html.ČTK2015“KSČM: Muslimové musejí ukázat pravdivou tvář islámu.” [KSČM: Muslims have to show the true face of Islam]TÝDEN.czAccessed January 9, 2015. https://www.tyden.cz/rubriky/domaci/politika/kscm-muslimove-museji-ukazat-pravdivou-tvar-islamu_329577.html.Search in Google Scholar

ČTK. 2017. “Průzkum: Češi za hlavní problem EU považují migraci a terrorismus.” [Survey: The Czechs understand migration and terrorism as the biggest problems of EU]. iROZHLAS, March 20, 2017. https://www.irozhlas.cz/zpravy-z-domova/pruzkum-cesi-za-hlavni-problem-eu-povazuji-migraci-a-terorismus_1703200648_.ČTK2017“Průzkum: Češi za hlavní problem EU považují migraci a terrorismus.” [Survey: The Czechs understand migration and terrorism as the biggest problems of EU]iROZHLASMarch202017https://www.irozhlas.cz/zpravy-z-domova/pruzkum-cesi-za-hlavni-problem-eu-povazuji-migraci-a-terorismus_1703200648_.Search in Google Scholar

Denková, Adéla. 2015. “Europoslanci: Pařížský útok EU sjednotil. Teď musí být tvrdší k těm, kdo nectí lidské životy.” [Memebers of European parliament: The Paris attack united EU. Now, it has to be tougher towards those who do not value human lives]. Euractiv, January 9, 2015. https://euractiv.cz/section/aktualne-v-eu/news/parizska-tragedie-evropu-sjednotila-ted-musi-byt-tvrdsi-vuci-tem-kdo-necti-lidske-zivoty-rikaji-europoslanci-012394/.DenkováAdéla2015“Europoslanci: Pařížský útok EU sjednotil. Teď musí být tvrdší k těm, kdo nectí lidské životy.” [Memebers of European parliament: The Paris attack united EU. Now, it has to be tougher towards those who do not value human lives]EuractivJanuary92015https://euractiv.cz/section/aktualne-v-eu/news/parizska-tragedie-evropu-sjednotila-ted-musi-byt-tvrdsi-vuci-tem-kdo-necti-lidske-zivoty-rikaji-europoslanci-012394/Search in Google Scholar

Dizdarevič, Selma Muhič. 2015. “Islamophobia in Czech Republic: National Report 2015.” In European Islamophobia Report 2015, edited by Enes Bayrakli, Farid Hafez, 115–130. Ankara, Istanbul, Washington D.C., Cairo: SETA.DizdarevičSelma Muhič2015“Islamophobia in Czech Republic: National Report 2015.”InEuropean Islamophobia Report 2015edited byBayrakliEnesHafezFarid115130Ankara, Istanbul, Washington D.C., CairoSETASearch in Google Scholar

Dostal, Jörg Michael. 2015. “The Pegida Movement and German Political Culture: Is Right-Wing Populism Here to Stay?” The Political Quarterly 86 (4): 523–531.DostalJörg Michael2015“The Pegida Movement and German Political Culture: Is Right-Wing Populism Here to Stay?”The Political Quarterly86452353110.1111/1467-923X.12204Search in Google Scholar

Downing, Joseph. 2019. “Blurring European and Islamic values or brightening the good – bad Muslim dichotomy? A critical analysis of French Muslim victims of Jihadi terror online on twitter and in Le Monde newspaper.” Critical Studies on Terrorism 12 (4): 1–23.DowningJoseph2019“Blurring European and Islamic values or brightening the good – bad Muslim dichotomy? A critical analysis of French Muslim victims of Jihadi terror online on twitter and in Le Monde newspaper.”Critical Studies on Terrorism12412310.1080/17539153.2019.1573038Search in Google Scholar

Fendrych, Martin. 2015. “Předseda Sněmovny Hamáček odmítá starch z islámu. Učí Zemana ekonomické diplomacii.” [The Chairman of the Chamber of Deputies rejects fear of Islam. He teaches Zeman how to do economical diplomacy]. Aktuálně.cz, November 2, 2015. https://nazory.aktualne.cz/komentare/sef-snemovny-jan-hamacek-odmita-strach-z-islamu-uci-zemana-e/r~fd10ca2080c211e5a80c0025900fea04/.FendrychMartin2015“Předseda Sněmovny Hamáček odmítá starch z islámu. Učí Zemana ekonomické diplomacii.” [The Chairman of the Chamber of Deputies rejects fear of Islam. He teaches Zeman how to do economical diplomacy]Aktuálně.czNovember22015https://nazory.aktualne.cz/komentare/sef-snemovny-jan-hamacek-odmita-strach-z-islamu-uci-zemana-e/r~fd10ca2080c211e5a80c0025900fea04/Search in Google Scholar

Fox, Jonathan, Yasemin Akbaba. 2015. “Securitization of Islam and religious discrimination: Religious minorities in Western democracies, 1990–2008.” Comparative European Politics 13 (2): 175–197.FoxJonathanAkbabaYasemin2015“Securitization of Islam and religious discrimination: Religious minorities in Western democracies, 1990–2008.”Comparative European Politics13217519710.1057/cep.2013.8Search in Google Scholar

Grulich, Tomáš. 2015. “Grulich (ODS): Migrace a islám.” [Grulich (ODS): Migration and islam]. Parlemtní listy, March 16, 2015. https://www.parlamentnilisty.cz/politika/politicivolicum/Grulich-ODS-Migrace-a-islam-366537.GrulichTomáš2015“Grulich (ODS): Migrace a islám.” [Grulich (ODS): Migration and islam]Parlemtní listyMarch162015https://www.parlamentnilisty.cz/politika/politicivolicum/Grulich-ODS-Migrace-a-islam-366537Search in Google Scholar

Gregor, Kamil. 2015 “Europoslanci hlasovali o kvótách. Nejvíce proti byli Češi.” [Members of European parliament took a vote on quotas. The Czechs were the most against]. HlídacíPes.org, September 10, 2015. https://hlidacipes.org/europoslanci-hlasovali-o-kvotach-nejvice-proti-byli-cesi/.GregorKamil2015“Europoslanci hlasovali o kvótách. Nejvíce proti byli Češi.” [Members of European parliament took a vote on quotas. The Czechs were the most against]HlídacíPes.orgSeptember102015https://hlidacipes.org/europoslanci-hlasovali-o-kvotach-nejvice-proti-byli-cesi/Search in Google Scholar

Houska, Ondřej. 2015. “Uprchlíci by podle Babiše mohli obsadit tisíce pracovních mist, o která Češi nestojí.” [Refugees could fill thousands of job vacancies which the Czechs have no interest in]. iROZHLAS, September 12, 2015. https://www.irozhlas.cz/zpravy-domov/uprchlici-by-podle-babise-mohli-obsadit-tisice-pracovnich-mist-o-ktera-cesi-nestoji-_201509120112_mhornakova.HouskaOndřej2015“Uprchlíci by podle Babiše mohli obsadit tisíce pracovních mist, o která Češi nestojí.” [Refugees could fill thousands of job vacancies which the Czechs have no interest in]iROZHLASSeptember122015https://www.irozhlas.cz/zpravy-domov/uprchlici-by-podle-babise-mohli-obsadit-tisice-pracovnich-mist-o-ktera-cesi-nestoji-_201509120112_mhornakova.Search in Google Scholar

Janouch, Roman. 2015. “Filip: EU nesmí být pasivní.” [Filip: the EU cannot be passive]. Haló noviny, September 4, 2015. http://www.halonoviny.cz/articles/view/40434489.JanouchRoman2015“Filip: EU nesmí být pasivní.” [Filip: the EU cannot be passive]Haló novinySeptember42015http://www.halonoviny.cz/articles/view/40434489Search in Google Scholar

Kaya, Ayhan. 2009. Islam, Migration and Integration: The Age of Securitization. Houndmills: Palgrave Macmillan.KayaAyhan2009Islam, Migration and Integration: The Age of SecuritizationHoundmillsPalgrave Macmillan10.1057/9780230234567Search in Google Scholar

Kopecký, Josef. 2015a. “Islám nemá ve svém učení násilí, říká senator Mezian, lékař ze Sýrie.” [Islam does not have violence in the its teachings, says senator Mezian, doctor from Syria]. iDNES.cz. Accessed March 19, 2020. https://www.idnes.cz/zpravy/domaci/islam-nema-ve-svem-uceni-nasili-rika-senator-mezian-lekar-ze-syrie.A150130_132023_domaci_kop.KopeckýJosef2015a“Islám nemá ve svém učení násilí, říká senator Mezian, lékař ze Sýrie.” [Islam does not have violence in the its teachings, says senator Mezian, doctor from Syria]iDNES.czAccessed March 19, 2020. https://www.idnes.cz/zpravy/domaci/islam-nema-ve-svem-uceni-nasili-rika-senator-mezian-lekar-ze-syrie.A150130_132023_domaci_kopSearch in Google Scholar

Kopecký, Josef. 2015b. “Žádní náckové, hají Černochová účast na protest proti islamistům.” [(There were) no nazis, Černochová defends her participation in protest against islamists]. iDNES.cz. Accessed March 19, 2020. https://www.idnes.cz/zpravy/domaci/na-hrade-jsem-zadne-nacky-nevidela-haji-se-poslankyne-cernochova.A150120_141348_domaci_kop.KopeckýJosef2015b“Žádní náckové, hají Černochová účast na protest proti islamistům.” [(There were) no nazis, Černochová defends her participation in protest against islamists]iDNES.czAccessed March 19, 2020. https://www.idnes.cz/zpravy/domaci/na-hrade-jsem-zadne-nacky-nevidela-haji-se-poslankyne-cernochova.A150120_141348_domaci_kopSearch in Google Scholar

Kopecký, Josef. 2017. “Černoch opouští potápějící se Úsvit. Nechce být spojován s extrémisty.” [Černoch leaves sinking Úsvit. He does not want to be associated with extremists]. iDNES.cz. Accessed March 19, 2020. https://www.idnes.cz/zpravy/domaci/poslanec-cernoch-opousti-usvit.A170607_140402_domaci_kop.KopeckýJosef2017“Černoch opouští potápějící se Úsvit. Nechce být spojován s extrémisty.” [Černoch leaves sinking Úsvit. He does not want to be associated with extremists]iDNES.czAccessed March 19, 2020. https://www.idnes.cz/zpravy/domaci/poslanec-cernoch-opousti-usvit.A170607_140402_domaci_kop.Search in Google Scholar

Laustsen, Carsten Bagge, and Ole Waever. 2000. “In Defence of Religion: Sacred Reference Objects for Securitization.” Millennium: Journal of International Studies 29 (3): 705–739.LaustsenCarsten BaggeWaeverOle2000“In Defence of Religion: Sacred Reference Objects for Securitization.”Millennium: Journal of International Studies29370573910.1177/03058298000290031601Search in Google Scholar

Lalić, Velibor, Predrag Ćeranić. 2019. “Securitization of migration in European Union and the role of private security firms.” Security Dialogues 10 (1): 47–61.LalićVeliborĆeranićPredrag2019“Securitization of migration in European Union and the role of private security firms.”Security Dialogues101476110.47054/SD1910047lSearch in Google Scholar

Lewicki, Aleksandra. 2018. “Race, Islamophobia and the politics of citizenship in post-unification Germany” Patterns of Prejudice 52 (5): 496–512.LewickiAleksandra2018“Race, Islamophobia and the politics of citizenship in post-unification Germany”Patterns of Prejudice52549651210.1080/0031322X.2018.1502236Search in Google Scholar

Mareš, Miroslav, Jiří Baroš, Pavel Dufek, Vlastimil Havlík, Michal Mochťak, Oskar Varga, Petra Vývodová, Štěpán Výborný. 2015. Ne islámu! Protiislámská politika v České republice. [No to Islam! Anti-muslim politics in the Czech Republic]. Brno: Centrum pro stadium demokracie a kultury.MarešMiroslavBarošJiříDufekPavelHavlíkVlastimilMochťakMichalVargaOskarVývodováPetraVýbornýŠtěpán2015Ne islámu! Protiislámská politika v České republice[No to Islam! Anti-muslim politics in the Czech Republic].BrnoCentrum pro stadium demokracie a kulturySearch in Google Scholar

Martinek, Jan. 2016. “Bělobrádek: Muslimskou Evropu nechci.” [Bělobrádek: I do not want Muslim Europe]. Novinky.cz, February 13, 2016. https://www.novinky.cz/domaci/clanek/belobradek-muslimskou-evropu-nechci-341522.MartinekJan2016“Bělobrádek: Muslimskou Evropu nechci.” [Bělobrádek: I do not want Muslim Europe]Novinky.czFebruary132016https://www.novinky.cz/domaci/clanek/belobradek-muslimskou-evropu-nechci-341522.Search in Google Scholar

McDonald, Matt. 2008. “Securitization and the Construction of Security.” European Journal of International Relations 14 (4): 563–587.McDonaldMatt2008“Securitization and the Construction of Security.”European Journal of International Relations14456358710.1177/1354066108097553Search in Google Scholar

BBC. 2016. “Migrant crisis: EU-Turkey deal comes into effect.” 2016. BBC. March 20. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-35854413.BBC2016“Migrant crisis: EU-Turkey deal comes into effect.” 2016BBCMarch20https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-35854413.Search in Google Scholar

UNHCR. 2020. “Operational Portal: Refugee Situations – Mediterranian Situation.” 2020. United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR). March 11. https://data2.unhcr.org/en/situations/mediterranean.UNHCR2020“Operational Portal: Refugee Situations – Mediterranian Situation.” 2020United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)March11https://data2.unhcr.org/en/situations/mediterranean.Search in Google Scholar

Prokůpková, Vendula. 2019. “Two Mobilization Waves of the Czech Anti-Islam Movement. Collective Actors and the Identity Change of the Movement 2015–2016.” Intersections. East European Journal of Society and Politics 4 (4): 51–71.ProkůpkováVendula2019“Two Mobilization Waves of the Czech Anti-Islam Movement. Collective Actors and the Identity Change of the Movement 2015–2016.”Intersections. East European Journal of Society and Politics44517110.17356/ieejsp.v4i4.478Search in Google Scholar

Rasmussen, Joel. 2015. “‘Should each of us take over the role as watcher?’ Attitudes on Twitter towards the 2014 Norwegian terror alert.” Journal of Multicultural Discourses, 10 (2): 197–213.RasmussenJoel2015“‘Should each of us take over the role as watcher?’ Attitudes on Twitter towards the 2014 Norwegian terror alert.”Journal of Multicultural Discourses10219721310.1080/17447143.2015.1042882Search in Google Scholar

Rosůlek, Přemysl, Veronika Hásová, Klára Jiráčková, Alexandra Kollárová, Pavla Kostková, Veronika Kramáreková, Jan Váně, Lukáš Zahradník. 2017. Sondy do studia (o) islámu v období migrační krize. [Probes into the Study (of) Islam during the “Migration Crisis”]. Prague: Dokořán.RosůlekPřemyslHásováVeronikaJiráčkováKláraKollárováAlexandraKostkováPavlaKramárekováVeronikaVáněJanZahradníkLukáš2017Sondy do studia (o) islámu v období migrační krize[Probes into the Study (of) Islam during the “Migration Crisis”].PragueDokořánSearch in Google Scholar

Salter, Mark B. 2011. “When securitization fails: the hard case of counter-terrorism programs.” In Securitization Theory: How security problems emerge and dissolve, edited by Thierry Balzacq, 116–131. Abingdon: Routledge.SalterMark B2011“When securitization fails: the hard case of counter-terrorism programs.”InSecuritization Theory: How security problems emerge and dissolveedited byBalzacqThierry116131AbingdonRoutledgeSearch in Google Scholar

Sayyid, S. 2018. “Islamophobia and the Europeanness of the other Europe.” Patterns of Prejudice 52 (5): 420–435.SayyidS2018“Islamophobia and the Europeanness of the other Europe.”Patterns of Prejudice52542043510.1080/0031322X.2018.1512481Search in Google Scholar

Slačálek, Ondřej, Eva Svobodová. 2018. “The Czech Islamophobic movement: beyond ‘populism’?” Patterns of Prejudice 52 (5): 479–495.SlačálekOndřejSvobodováEva2018“The Czech Islamophobic movement: beyond ‘populism’?”Patterns of Prejudice52547949510.1080/0031322X.2018.1495377Search in Google Scholar

Strapáčová, Michaela, Vít Hloušek. 2018. Anti-Islamism without Moslems: Cognitive Frames of Czech Antimigrant Politics.” Journal of Nationalism, Memory & Language Politics 12 (1): 1–30.StrapáčováMichaelaHloušekVít2018Anti-Islamism without Moslems: Cognitive Frames of Czech Antimigrant Politics.”Journal of Nationalism, Memory & Language Politics12113010.2478/jnmlp-2018-0001Search in Google Scholar

Svoboda, Pavel. 2015a. “Je islám součástí evropské identity?” [Is Islam part of European identity?]. Aktuálně.cz, December 2, 2015. http://blog.aktualne.cz/blogy/pavel-svoboda.php?itemid=26415.SvobodaPavel2015a“Je islám součástí evropské identity?” [Is Islam part of European identity?]Aktuálně.czDecember22015http://blog.aktualne.cz/blogy/pavel-svoboda.php?itemid=26415Search in Google Scholar

Svoboda, Pavel. 2015b. “Neexistuje hodný islám a zlý islám.” [There is no good islam and evil islam.] KDU-ČSL, January 8, 2015. https://www.kdu.cz/aktualne/archiv/2015/neexistuje-hodny-islam-a-zly-islam.SvobodaPavel2015b“Neexistuje hodný islám a zlý islám.” [There is no good islam and evil islam.]KDU-ČSLJanuary82015https://www.kdu.cz/aktualne/archiv/2015/neexistuje-hodny-islam-a-zly-islamSearch in Google Scholar

Šimáček, Jaroslav. 2015a. “Fiala hájí plot proti uprchlíkům. Podporuje katastrofu, zlobí se kritici.” [Fiala defends fence against refugees. He supports catastrophe, critics complain]. Blesk.cz. Accessed March 19, 2020. https://www.blesk.cz/clanek/zpravy-uprchlicka-krize/350065/fiala-haji-plot-proti-uprchlikum-podporuje-katastrofu-zlobi-se-kritici.html.ŠimáčekJaroslav2015a“Fiala hájí plot proti uprchlíkům. Podporuje katastrofu, zlobí se kritici.” [Fiala defends fence against refugees. He supports catastrophe, critics complain]Blesk.czAccessed March 19, 2020. https://www.blesk.cz/clanek/zpravy-uprchlicka-krize/350065/fiala-haji-plot-proti-uprchlikum-podporuje-katastrofu-zlobi-se-kritici.html.Search in Google Scholar

Šimáček, Jaroslav. 2015b. “Hádka v ČT kvůli uprchlíkům. Hejtman Hašek a moderátorka Tvarůžková šli do sebe.” [Argument in ČT about refugees, regional council president Hašek and host Tvarůžková verbally attacked each other]. Blesk.cz. Accessed March 30, 2020. https://www.blesk.cz/clanek/zpravy-up-rchlicka-krize/340552/hadka-v-ct-kvuli-uprchlikum-hejtman-hasek-a-moderatorka-tvaruzkova-sli-do-sebe.html.ŠimáčekJaroslav2015b“Hádka v ČT kvůli uprchlíkům. Hejtman Hašek a moderátorka Tvarůžková šli do sebe.” [Argument in ČT about refugees, regional council president Hašek and host Tvarůžková verbally attacked each other]Blesk.czAccessed March 30, 2020. https://www.blesk.cz/clanek/zpravy-up-rchlicka-krize/340552/hadka-v-ct-kvuli-uprchlikum-hejtman-hasek-a-moderatorka-tvaruzkova-sli-do-sebe.html.Search in Google Scholar

Šlerka, Josef, and Jakub Fiala. 2018. “O sebeprezentaci stránky Islám v ČR nechceme na českém Facebooku.” [About self-prezentation of page We do not want Islam in ČR on Czech Facebook]. In Islamofobie po česku: český odpor vůči islámu, jeho východiska, projevy, souvislosti, přesahy i paradox [Islamophobia in the Czech way: Czech aversion towards Islam, its foundations, manifestations, context, overlaps, as well as paradoxes], edited by Bronislav Ostřanský, 235–47. Prague: Vyšehrad.ŠlerkaJosefFialaJakub2018“O sebeprezentaci stránky Islám v ČR nechceme na českém Facebooku.” [About self-prezentation of page We do not want Islam in ČR on Czech Facebook]InIslamofobie po česku: český odpor vůči islámu, jeho východiska, projevy, souvislosti, přesahy i paradox[Islamophobia in the Czech way: Czech aversion towards Islam, its foundations, manifestations, context, overlaps, as well as paradoxes], edited byOstřanskýBronislav23547PragueVyšehradSearch in Google Scholar

Telička, Pavel. 2015. “Náměty pro řešení migrační krize.” [Proposals for solving of the migration crisis]. Telicka.eu, July 1, 2015. https://www.telicka.eu/cs/what-we-stand-for/detail/2.TeličkaPavel2015“Náměty pro řešení migrační krize.” [Proposals for solving of the migration crisis]Telicka.euJuly12015https://www.telicka.eu/cs/what-we-stand-for/detail/2.Search in Google Scholar

Tkaczyk, Michal, Pavel Pospěch, and Jakub Macek. 2015. “Analýza mediálního pokrytí uprchlické krize (výzkuná zpráva).” [Analysis of the media coverage of the refugee crisis (technical report)]. Masaryk University 1–6.TkaczykMichalPospěchPavelMacekJakub2015“Analýza mediálního pokrytí uprchlické krize (výzkuná zpráva).” [Analysis of the media coverage of the refugee crisis (technical report)]Masaryk University16Search in Google Scholar

Tkaczyk, Michal. 2017. “Between politicization and securitization: coverage of the European migration crisis in Czech online news media.” Communication Today 8 (2): 90–110.TkaczykMichal2017“Between politicization and securitization: coverage of the European migration crisis in Czech online news media.”Communication Today8290110Search in Google Scholar

TOP09. 2015. “Langšídlová: Být v EU a NATO je pro nás životně důležité.” [Langšádlová: to be in EU and NATO is vitally important for us]. TOP09, August 24, 2015. https://www.top09.cz/co-delame/medialni-vystupy/langsadlova-byt-v-eu-a-nato-je-pro-nas-zivotne-dulezite-18777.html.TOP092015“Langšídlová: Být v EU a NATO je pro nás životně důležité.” [Langšádlová: to be in EU and NATO is vitally important for us]TOP09August242015https://www.top09.cz/co-delame/medialni-vystupy/langsadlova-byt-v-eu-a-nato-je-pro-nas-zivotne-dulezite-18777.html.Search in Google Scholar

Vultee, Fred. 2011. “Securitization as a media frame: what happens when the media ‘speak security’.” In Securitization Theory: How security problems emerge and dissolve, edited by Thierry Balzacq, 77–93. Abingdon: Routledge.VulteeFred2011“Securitization as a media frame: what happens when the media ‘speak security’.”InSecuritization Theory: How security problems emerge and dissolveedited byBalzacqThierry7793AbingdonRoutledgeSearch in Google Scholar

Vuori, Juha A. 2011. “Religion bites: Falungong, securitization/desecuritization in the People’s Republic of China.” In Securitization Theory: How security problems emerge and dissolve, edited by Thierry Balzacq, 186–211. Abingdon: Routledge.VuoriJuha A2011“Religion bites: Falungong, securitization/desecuritization in the People’s Republic of China.”InSecuritization Theory: How security problems emerge and dissolveedited byBalzacqThierry186211AbingdonRoutledgeSearch in Google Scholar

Warrington, Anna. 2017. “Countering violent extremism via de-securitization on Twitter.” Journal for Deradicalization, (11): 258–280.WarringtonAnna2017“Countering violent extremism via de-securitization on Twitter.”Journal for Deradicalization11258280Search in Google Scholar

Zvada, Ľubomír. 2018. “Securitization of the Migration Crisis and Islamophobic Rhetoric: The 2016 Slovak Parliamentary Elections as a Case Study.” Journal of Nationalism, Memory & Language Politics 12 (2): 216–235.ZvadaĽubomír2018“Securitization of the Migration Crisis and Islamophobic Rhetoric: The 2016 Slovak Parliamentary Elections as a Case Study.”Journal of Nationalism, Memory & Language Politics12221623510.2478/jnmlp-2018-0010Search in Google Scholar

Žúborová, Viera, Ingrid Borárosová. 2017. “Migration Discourse in Slovak Politics. Context and Content of Migration in Political Discourse: European Values versus Campaign Rhetoric.” Journal of Nationalism, Memory & Language Politics 11 (1): 1–19.ŽúborováVieraBorárosováIngrid2017“Migration Discourse in Slovak Politics. Context and Content of Migration in Political Discourse: European Values versus Campaign Rhetoric.”Journal of Nationalism, Memory & Language Politics11111910.1515/jnmlp-2017-0005Search in Google Scholar