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Article Category: Review
Publicado en línea: 31 jul 2018
Páginas: 137 - 145
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/ebtj-2018-0018
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© 2018 Electra Papadopoulou, Konstantinos Vaitsas, Ioannis Fallas, Giorgos Tsipas, Konstantinos Chrissafis, Dimitrios Bikiaris, Constantina Kottaridi and Konstantinos E. Vorgias, published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.
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A compilation of currently active institutions in Bio-economy and Bio-economy related issues
| 1. The Rural Development Programme (2014-2020) | |
| Relevant | 2. National Climate Change Adaptation Strategy (NCCAS) |
| 3. National RIS for Smart Specialisation | |
| national | • Part 5.4 on Energy |
| strategies | • Part 5.5 on Environment and Sustainable Development |
| 4. National Strategic Framework for Research and Innovation | |
| Key national | 1. General Secretariat of Research and Innovation (Under the auspices of the Ministry of Education) |
| 2. Ministry of Rural Development and Food | |
| stakeholders | 3. Ministry of Environment and Energy |
| 1. Hellenic Center for Marine Research | |
| 2. Center for Renewable Energy | |
| Research | 3. Hellenic Agricultural Organization (HAO) DIMITER |
| Institutions | 4. Centre for Research and Technology-Hellas (CERTH) |
| 5. The Agricultural University of Athens | |
| 6. The Center for Renewable Sources and Efficiency (CRES) | |
| Academic | 1. MSc in Bio-economics Pireaus and Athens University |
| programmes | 2. The International Hellenic University’s MSc in Bio-economy: Biotechnology and Law |
| ThinkTanks/ | 1. The Greek Bio-economy FORUM |
| Clusters | 2. The Cluster of Bioenergy and Environment of Western Macedonia (CluBE) |
| Other | 1. The Bio-economy and Sustainable Growth Laboratory of the Department of Economics of the University of Piraeus |
| Labs/ Institutes | 2. The Institute of Bio-Economy and Agri-Technology (iBO) of the Center for Research and Technology – Hellas (CERTH) |
Theoretical potential of livestock biomass (main organic by-products) in Greece (54, 55)
| Source | Units | Capacity | Waste (t/y) | Power (MW) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cow farms | 26 295 | 755 665 (cattle) | 13 601 970 | 233 |
| Pig farms | 3 299 | 147 920 (sows) | 2 277 072 | 36 |
| Poultry farms | 1 972 | 33 875 054 | 813 001 | 86 |
| Processing of milk units | 696 | 1 175 319 | 822 723 | 14 |
| Total | 17 514 766 | 369 |
Synopsis of the barriers to the efficient exploitation of biomass and the promotion of Bio-economy in Greece
| Fragmentation of agricultural land in many small properties (lot size ~ 4.8 ha against 14,3 in EU-27 and average | |
| 1 | economic size of farm 9.266,8 € against 25.450,2 € in EU-27) that creates lack of reliable transportation network |
| and long-term supply of materials. | |
| 2 | The high price of raw materials (which initiates biodiesel imports and works inhibitory in the development of business for their further processing). |
| 3 | Disorganized and costly supply chain of raw materials |
| 4 | Low technical training of farmers (32% have no education) |
| 5 | Difficulty in introducing new technologies because of the age of rural population (60% of farmers over 45y old) |
| 6 | Reduction of employment in the primary sector. The family employment covers 85.5% of total employment in agriculture sector. |
| 7 | Lack of control mechanisms for the implementation of existing environmental legislation and penalties on offenders |
| 8 | Bureaucratic licensing difficulties |
| 9 | Instability of institutional and taxation environment |
| 10 | Unstable and inefficient policy, which affects the final price of bioproducts and biofuels/energy. |
| 11 | Environmental licensing |
| 12 | Lack of appropriate financial mechanisms |
| 13 | Lack of public awareness (especially regarding the environmental benefits of energy recovery resulting in strong local resistance to projects) |
| 14 | Lack of substantial efforts to create a framework for the marketability of ‘green’ innovations (69, 70 CRES 2016, 71, 72) |