Changes in germination parameters of seven sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) varieties due to treating with gibberellic and ascorbic acids

[1] Asghari, F., Hossieni, B., Hassani, A., Shirzad, H. (2012), Effect of explants source and different hormonal combinations on direct regeneration of basil plants (Ocimum basilicum L.). http://search.informit.com.au/documentSummary;dn=339277382874316;res=IELENG (accessed on: 14 August 2014).Search in Google Scholar

[2] Paton, A., Harley, M. R., Harley, M. M. (1999), The Genus Ocimum. In: Basil. The Netherlands: Harwood Academic Press. 1–38.Search in Google Scholar

[3] Makri, O., Kintzios, S. (2008), Ocimum sp. (Basil): Botany, cultivation, pharmaceutical properties, and biotechnology. Journal of Herbs, Spices & Medicinal Plants 13, 123–150. DOI: 10.1300/J044v13n03_10.10.1300/J044v13n03_10Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[4] Klimánková, E., Holadová, K., Hajšlová, J., Čajka, T., Poustka, J., Koudela, M. (2008), Aroma profiles of five basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) cultivars grown under conventional and organic conditions. Food Chemistry 107, 464–472. DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2007.07.062.10.1016/j.foodchem.2007.07.062Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[5] Kintzios, S., Kollias, H., Straitouris, E., Makri, O. (2004), Scale-up micropropagation of sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) in an airlift bioreactor and accumulation of rosmarinic acid. Biotechnol. Lett. 26, 521–523.10.1023/B:BILE.0000019561.89044.30Search in Google Scholar

[6] Phippen, W. B., Simon, J. E. (2000), Shoot regeneration of young leaf explants from basil (Ocimum basilicum L.). In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol. Plant 36, 250–254. DOI: 10.1007/s11627-000-0046-y.10.1007/s11627-000-0046-yOpen DOISearch in Google Scholar

[7] Pandey, A. K., Singh, P., Tripathi N. N. (2014), Chemistry and bioactivities of essential oils of some Ocimum species: An overview. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 4, 682–694. DOI: 10.12980/APJTB.4.2014C77.10.12980/APJTB.4.2014C77Search in Google Scholar

[8] Grayer, R. J., Vieira, R. F., Price, A. M., Kite, G. C., Simon, J. E., Paton, A. J. (2004), Characterization of cultivars within species of Ocimum by exudate flavonoid profiles. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology 32, 901–913. DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2004.04.002.10.1016/j.bse.2004.04.002Search in Google Scholar

[9] Politeo, O., Jukic, M., Milos, M. (2007), Chemical composition and antioxidant capacity of free volatile aglycones from basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) compared with its essential oil. Food Chemistry 101, 379–385. DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2006.01.045.10.1016/j.foodchem.2006.01.045Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[10] Saha, S., Dey, T., Ghosh, P. (2010), Mincropropagation of Ocimum kilimandscharicum guerke (Labiatae). Acta Biologica Cracoviensia 52(2), 50–58.10.2478/v10182-010-0023-7Search in Google Scholar

[11] Siddique, I., Anis, M. (2009), Morphogenic response of the alginate encapsulated nodal segment and antioxidative enzymes analysis during acclimatization of Ocimum basilicum L. J. Crop Sci. Biotechnol. 12, 233–238. DOI: 10.1007/s12892-009-0131-7.10.1007/s12892-009-0131-7Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[12] Sudhakaran, S., Sivasankari, V. (2002), In vitro flowering response of Ocimum basilicum. Journal of Plant Biotechnology 4(4), 179–181.Search in Google Scholar

[13] Loughrin, J. H., Kasperbauer, M. J. (2003), Aroma content of fresh basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) leaves is affected by light reflected from colored mulches. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 51, 2272–2276. DOI: 10.1021/jf021076c.10.1021/jf021076c12670169Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[14] Chalchat, J.-C., Özcan, M. M. (2008), Comparative essential oil composition of flowers, leaves and stems of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) used as herb. Food Chemistry 110, 501–503. DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2008.02.018.10.1016/j.foodchem.2008.02.01826049245Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[15] Carović-Stanko, K., Liber, Z., Politeo, O., Strikić, F., Kolak, I., Milos, M., Satovic, Z. (2011), Molecular and chemical characterization of the most widespread Ocimum species. Plant Systematics and Evolution 294, 253–262. DOI: 10.1007/s00606-011-0471-x.10.1007/s00606-011-0471-xOpen DOISearch in Google Scholar

[16] Kwee, E. M., Niemeyer, E. D. (2011), Variations in phenolic composition and antioxidant properties among 15 basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) cultivars. Food Chemistry 128, 1044–1050. DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.04.011.10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.04.011Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[17] Barcelos, R. C., Jham, G. N., Dhingra, O. D., Mendonca, F. A., Valente, V. M. M. (2013), Identification and quantification of the major fungitoxic components of the Brazilian basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) essential oil. Journal of Food Research 2, 124. DOI: 10.5539/jfr.v2n5p124.10.5539/jfr.v2n5p124Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[18] Arshad Qamar, K., Dar, A., Siddiqui, B. S., Kabir, N., Aslam, H., Ahmed, S., Erum, S., Habib, S., Begum, S. (2010), Anticancer activity of Ocimum basilicum and the effect of ursolic acid on the cytoskeleton of MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. Letters in Drug Design & Discovery 7, 726–736. DOI: 10.2174/1570180811007010726.10.2174/1570180811007010726Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[19] Behbahani, M. (2014), Evaluation of in vitro anticancer activity of Ocimum Basilicum, Alhagi Maurorum, Calendula Officinalis and their parasite Cuscuta Campestris. PLoS ONE 9, e116049. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0116049.10.1371/journal.pone.0116049Search in Google Scholar

[20] Chiang, L.-C., Ng, L.-T., Cheng, P.-W., Chiang, W., Lin, C.-C. (2005), Antiviral activities of extracts and selected pure constituents of Ocimum basilicum. Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology 32, 811–816. DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1681.2005.04270.x.10.1111/j.1440-1681.2005.04270.xOpen DOISearch in Google Scholar

[21] Gopi, C., Ponmurugan, P. (2006), Somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration from leaf callus of Ocimum basilicum L. J. Biotechnol. 126, 260–264. DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2006.04.033.10.1016/j.jbiotec.2006.04.033Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[22] Sahoo, Y., Pattnaik, S. K., Chand, P. K., In vitro clonal propagation of an aromatic medicinal herb Ocimum basilicum L. (sweet basil) by axillary shoot proliferation. In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol. Plant 33, 293–296. DOI: 10.1007/s11627-997-0053-3.10.1007/s11627-997-0053-3Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[23] Rady, M. R., Nazif, N. M. (2005), Rosmarinic acid content and RAPD analysis of in vitro regenerated basil (Ocimum americanum) plants. Fitoterapia 76, 525–533. DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2005.04.001.10.1016/j.fitote.2005.04.001Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[24] Kong, J.-M., Chia, L.-S., Goh, N.-K., Chia, T.-F., Brouillard R. (2003), Analysis and biological activities of anthocyanins. Phytochemistry 64, 923–933. DOI: 10.1016/S0031-9422(03)00438-2.10.1016/S0031-9422(03)00438-2Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[25] Phippen, W. B. (2000), Anthocyanin inheritance and instability in purple basil (Ocimum basilicum L.). Journal of Heredity 91, 289–296. DOI: 10.1093/jhered/91.4.289.10.1093/jhered/91.4.28910912675Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[26] Phippen, W. B., Simon, J. E. (1998), Anthocyanins in Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.). Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 46, 1734–1738. DOI: 10.1021/jf970887r.10.1021/jf970887rOpen DOISearch in Google Scholar

[27] Fu, J. J., Liu, J., Yang, L. Y., Miao, Y. J., Xu, Y. F. (2017), Effects of low temperature on seed germination, early seedling growth and antioxidant systems of the wild Elymus nutans Griseb. JAST 19, 1113–1125.Search in Google Scholar

[28] Fallahi, H.-R., Mohammadi, M., Aghhavani-Shajari, M., Ranjbar, F. (2015), Determination of germination cardinal temperatures in two basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) cultivars using nonlinear regression models. Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants 2, 140–145. DOI: 10.1016/j.jarmap.2015.09.004.10.1016/j.jarmap.2015.09.004Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[29] Nadjafi, E., Tabrizi, L., Shabahang, J., Mahdavi Damghani, A. M. (2009), Cardinal germination temperatures of some medicinal plant species. Seed Technology 31, 156–163.Search in Google Scholar

[30] Zhou, D., Jacob, B., Ponder, M. A., Welbaum, G. E. (2016), Germination response of six sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum) cultivars to temperature. Seed Technology Journal 37(1), 43–51.Search in Google Scholar

[31] Rakshit, A., Singh, H. B. (eds.) (2018), Advances in seed priming. Springer Singapore: Singapore. DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-0032-5.10.1007/978-981-13-0032-5Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[32] Bagheri, A., Bagherifard, A., Saborifard, H. Ahmadi, M., Safarpoor, M. (2014), Effects [of] drought, cytokinin and GA3 on [the] seedling growth of basil (Ocimum basilicum). International Journal of Advanced Biological and Biomedical Research 2, 489–493.Search in Google Scholar

[33] Liopa-Tsakalidi, A., Zakynthinos, G., Varzakas, T. H., Xynias, I. (2011), Effect of NaCl and GA 3 on seed germination and seedling growth of eleven medicinal and aromatic crops. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research 5(17), 4065–4073.Search in Google Scholar

[34] Adhikary, P., Tarai, P. (2013), Effects of temperature and gibberellic acid (GA3) on seed germination of Vicia sativa, Chenopodium album and Physalis minima. International Journal of Agriculture, Environment and Biotechnology 6, 629. DOI: 10.5958/j.2230-732X.6.4.042.10.5958/j.2230-732X.6.4.042Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[35] Akram, N. A., Shafiq, F., Ashraf, M. (2017), Ascorbic acid – A potential oxidant scavenger and its role in plant development and abiotic stress tolerance. Frontiers in Plant Science 8. DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00613.10.3389/fpls.2017.00613540514728491070Search in Google Scholar

[36] Zehra, A., Shaikh, F., Ansari, R., Gul, B., Khan, M. A. (2013), Effect of ascorbic acid on seed germination of three halophytic grass species under saline conditions. Grass and Forage Science 68, 339–344. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2494.2012.00899.x.10.1111/j.1365-2494.2012.00899.xOpen DOISearch in Google Scholar

[37] Kader, M. A. (2005), A comparison of seed germination calculation formulae and the associated interpretation of resulting data. Journal & Proceedings of the Royal Society of New South Wales 138, 65–75.10.5962/p.361564Search in Google Scholar

[38] Ranal, M. A., Garcia de Santana, D., Ferreira, W. R., Mendes-Rodrigues, C. (2009), Calculating germination measurements and organizing spreadsheets. Revista Brasiliera Botanica 32, 849–855.10.1590/S0100-84042009000400022Search in Google Scholar

[39] Ranal, M. A., Garcia de Santana, D. (2006), How and why to measure the germination process? Revista Brasiliera Botanica 29, 1–11.10.1590/S0100-84042006000100002Search in Google Scholar