Research Note. Prevalence, protein analysis and possible preventive measures against zoonotic anisakid larvae isolated from marine Atherina fish

A MANY, M.M.M.V.S. (2007): Parasites of some imported fish. Thesis, Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt Search in Google Scholar

AMER, O.H., EL-ASHRAM, A.M.M. SHAGAR, G. I.A. (2007): Studies on the internal parasitic helminthes disease among wild Mediterranean sand smelt (Atherina) with special reference to Ligula intestinalis infection in Egypt. In The International Arab African Fish Resources Conference and Exhibition. 28 - 30 June, 2007Search in Google Scholar

AMIN, A.M. (2009): Zoonotic studies on helminths causing diarrhea in man. Ph.D. Thesis, Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt Search in Google Scholar

ARAFA, S.Z., AL-HOOT, A.A., HUSSEIN, H.S. (2009): Pathological and ultrastructural studies on Anisakis simplex Rudolphi-1809 infecting Carangoides bajad with special reference to intestinal maturation in puppies. J. Egypt Soc. Parasitol., 39: 607 - 616Search in Google Scholar

ARCHER, D.L. (2004): Freezing: an underutilized food safety technology? Int. J. Food Microbiol., 90: 127 - 138. DOI: 10.1016/ S0168-1605(03)00215-0Search in Google Scholar

ASMAA, R.A. (2009): Parasites encystation in some crustaceans and fi sh. Ph.D. thesis. Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt Search in Google Scholar

AUDICANA, M.T., ANSOTEGUI, I.J., DE CORRES, L.F., KENNEDY, M.W. (2002): Anisakis simplex: dangerous - dead and alive? Trends Parasitol., 18: 20 - 25. DOI: 10.1016/S1471-4922(01)02152-310.1016/S1471-4922(01)02152-3Search in Google Scholar

AUDICANA, M.T., KENNEDY, M.W. (2008): Anisakis simplex: from obscure infectious worm to inducer of immune hypersensitivity. Clin. Microbiol. Rev., 21, 360 - 379. DOI: 10.1128/CMR.00012-0710.1128/CMR.00012-07Search in Google Scholar

BAK, T.-J., JEON, C.-H., KIM, J.-H. (2014): Occurrence of anisakid nematode larvae in chub mackerel (Scomber japonicus) caught off Korea. Int. J. Food Microbiol., 191: 149 - 156. DOI: 10.1016/j. ijfoodmicro.2014.09.002Search in Google Scholar

BAO, M., MOTA, M., NACHON, D.J., ANTUNES, C., COBO, F., GARCI, M. E., PIERCE, G.J., PASCUAL, S. (2015): Anisakis infection in allis shad, Alosa alosa (Linnaeus, 1758), and twaite shad, Alosa fallax (Lacépède, 1803), from Western Iberian Peninsula Rivers: zoonotic and ecological implications. Parasitol Res., 114: 2143 - 2154. DOI: 10.1007/s00436-015-4403-510.1007/s00436-015-4403-5Search in Google Scholar

BARBER, I. (2007): Parasites, behaviour and welfare in fi sh. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci., 104: 251 - 264. DOI: 10.1016/j.applanim. 2006.09.005Search in Google Scholar

BERNARDI, C. (2009): Preliminary study on prevalence of larvae of Anisakidae family in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax). Food Control, 20: 433 - 434. DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2008.07.00110.1016/j.foodcont.2008.07.001Search in Google Scholar

BELDSOE, G.E., ORIA, M.P. (2001), Potential Hazards in Cold- Smoked Fish: Parasites. J. Food Sci., 66: S1100 - S1103. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2001.tb15529.x 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2001.tb15529.xSearch in Google Scholar

BUTT, A.A., ALDRIDGE, K.E., SANDER, C.V. (2004): Infections related to the ingestion of seafood. Part II: parasitic infections and food safety. Lancet Infect. Dis., 4: 294 - 300. DOI: 10.1016/S1473-3099(04)01005-910.1016/S1473-3099(04)01005-9Search in Google Scholar

CABALLERO, M.L., MONEO, I. (2004): Several allergens from Anisakis simplex are highly resistant to heat and pepsin treatments. Parasitol. Res., 93: 248 - 251. DOI: 10.1007/s00436-004-1099-310.1007/s00436-004-1099-315138891Search in Google Scholar

CARBALLEDA-SANGIAO, N., OLIVARES, F., RODRIGUEZ-MAHILLO, A.I., CARECHE, M., TEJADA, M., MONEO, I., GONZALEZ-MUNOZ, M. (2014): Identifi cation of autoclave-resistant Anisakis simplex allergens. J. Food Prot., 77: 605 - 609. DOI: 10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-13-27810.4315/0362-028X.JFP-13-27824680072Search in Google Scholar

CHAI, J.Y., DARWIN MURRELL, K., LYMBERY, A.J. (2005): Fish-borne parasitic zoonoses: status and issues. Int. J. Parasitol., 35: 1233 -1254. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2005.07.01310.1016/j.ijpara.2005.07.01316143336Search in Google Scholar

CHALIGIANNIS, I., LALLE, M., POZIO, E., SOTIRAKI, S. (2012): Anisakidae infection in fi sh of the Aegean Sea. Vet. Parasitol., 184: 362 - 366. DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2011.09.00710.1016/j.vetpar.2011.09.00722030376Search in Google Scholar

CHEN, H.-Y., CHENG, Y.-S., GRABNER, D.S., CHANG, S.-H., SHIH, H.- H. (2014): Effect of different temperatures on the expression of the newly characterized heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) in L3 of Anisakis spp. isolated from Scomber australasicus. Vet. Parasitol., 205(3 - 4): 540 - 550. DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2014.09.01310.1016/j.vetpar.2014.09.013Search in Google Scholar

CHO, M.K., PARK, M.K., KANG, S.A., CABALLERO, M.L., PEREZ-PINAR, T., RODRIGUEZ-PEREZ, R., OCK, M.S., CHA, H.J., HONG, Y.C., YU, H.S. (2014): Allergenicity of two Anisakis simplex allergens evaluated in vivo using an experimental mouse model. Exp Parasitol., 146: 71 - 77. DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2014.09.00810.1016/j.exppara.2014.09.008Search in Google Scholar

CHO, S.W., LEE, H.N. (2006): Immune reactions and allergy in experimental anisakiasis. Korean J. Parasitol., 44: 271 - 283. DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2006.44.4.27110.3347/kjp.2006.44.4.271Search in Google Scholar

COLAK, S.O. (2013): The helminth community of the sand smelt (Atherina boyeri Risso, 1810) from Lake Iznik, Turkey. J. Helminthol., 87: 129 - 134. DOI: 10.1017/S0022149X1100077010.1017/S0022149X11000770Search in Google Scholar

DASCHNER, A., ALONSO-GOMEZ, A., CABANAS, R., SUAREZ-DE-PARGA, J.M., LOPEZ-SERRANO, M.C. (2000): Gastroallergic anisakiasis: borderline between food allergy and parasitic disease-clinical and allergologic evaluation of 20 patients with confi rmed acute parasitism by Anisakis simplex. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol., 105: 176 - 181. DOI: 10.1016/S0091-6749(00)90194-510.1016/S0091-6749(00)90194-5Search in Google Scholar

DEL POZO, M.D., AUDICANA, M., DIEZ, J.M., MUNOZ, D., ANSOTEGUI, I.J., FERNANDEZ, E., GARCIA, M., ETXENAGUSIA, M., MONEO, I., FERNANDEZ DE CORRES, L. (1997): Anisakis simplex, a relevant etiologic factor in acute urticaria. Allergy, 52: 576 - 579. DOI: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.1997.tb02603.x 10.1111/j.1398-9995.1997.tb02603.x9201371Search in Google Scholar

DEZFULI, B.S., GRANDI, G., FRANZOI, P., ROSSI, R. (1990): Histopathology in Atherina boyeri (Pisces: Atherinidae) resulting from infection by Telosentis exiguus (Acanthocephala). Parassitologia, 32: 283 - 291Search in Google Scholar

DIAB, R.M.G., ELTEMSAHY, M.M., ELKERDANY, E.D., GAAFAR, M., NASR, M.A. (2010): A study of medically important fi sh - transmitted parasites in Alexandria. Int. J. Infect. Dis., 14, Supplement 1: e290. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2010.02.213010.1016/j.ijid.2010.02.2130Search in Google Scholar

ELKEST, S.E., MARTH, E.H. (1992): Freezing of Listeria monocytogenes and other microorganisms: A review. J. Food Prot., 55: 639 - 648Search in Google Scholar

ESKESEN, A., STRAND, E.A., ANDERSEN, S.N., ROSSELAND, A., HELLUM, K.B., STRAND, O.A. (2001): Anisakiasis presenting as an obstructive duodenal tumor. A Scandinavian case. Scand. J. Infect. Dis., 33: 75 - 76. DOI:10.1080/00365540175006414910.1080/00365540175006414911234986Search in Google Scholar

FARJALLAH, S., SLIMANE, B.B., BUSI, M., PAGGI, L., AMOR, N., BLEL, H., SAID, K., D’AMELIO, S. (2008): Occurrence and molecular identifi - cation of Anisakis spp. from the North African coasts of Mediterranean Sea. Parasitol. Res, 102: 371 - 379. DOI: 10.1007/s00436-007-0771-910.1007/s00436-007-0771-918026753Search in Google Scholar

GARCIA, L.S. (2001): Diagnostic medical Parasitology, 4th Edition. ASM Press, Washington, D. C., U. S. A.Search in Google Scholar

HENDERSON, P.A., BAMBER, R.N. (1987): On the reproductive biology of the sand smelt Atherina boyeri Risso (Pisces: Atherinidae) and its evolutionary potential. Biol. J. Linn. Soc. Lond., 32: 395 - 415. DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.1987.tb00440.x 10.1111/j.1095-8312.1987.tb00440.xSearch in Google Scholar

HUANG, W. Y. (2005): [Survival of the third stage larvae of anisakis simplex in various conditions and experimental infection in rats]. Zhongguo Ji Sheng Chong Xue Yu Ji Sheng Chong Bing Za Zhi, 23, 106 - 109Search in Google Scholar

JABBAR, A., FONG, R.W., KOK, K.X., LOPATA, A.L., GASSER, R.B., BEVERIDGE, I. (2013): Molecular characterization of anisakid nematode larvae from 13 species of fi sh from Western Australia. Int. J. Food Microbiol., 161, 247 - 253.Search in Google Scholar

KARL, H., ROEPSTORFF, A., HUSS, H.H., BLOEMSMA, B. (1994): Survival of Anisakis larvae in marinated herring fillets. Int. J. Food Sci. Technol., 29: 661 - 670. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.1994.tb02107.x 10.1111/j.1365-2621.1994.tb02107.xSearch in Google Scholar

KOBAYASHI, Y., SHIMAKURA, K., ISHIZAKI, S., NAGASHIMA, Y., SHIOMI, K. (2007): Purifi cation and cDNA cloning of a new heat-stable allergen from Anisakis simplex. Mol. Biochem. Parasitol., 155: 138 -145. DOI: 10.1016/j.molbiopara.2007.06.01210.1016/j.molbiopara.2007.06.01217689675Search in Google Scholar

KOINARI, M., KARL, S., ELLIOT, A., RYAN, U., LYMBERY, A. J. (2013): Identifi cation of Anisakis species (Nematoda: Anisakidae) in marine fish hosts from Papua New Guinea. Vet. Parasitol., 193: 126 - 133. DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2012.12.00810.1016/j.vetpar.2012.12.00823290280Search in Google Scholar

LAEMMLI, U. K. (1970): Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4. Nature, 227: 680 - 685 MA, H.W., JIANG, T.J., QUAN, F.S., CHEN, X.G., WANG, H.D., ZHANG, Y.S., CUI, M.S., ZHI, W.Y., JIANG, D.C. (1997): The infection status of anisakid larvae in marine fi sh and cephalopods from the Bohai Sea, China and their taxonomical consideration. Korean J. Parasitol., 35: 19 - 24. DOI: 10.3347/kjp.1997.35.1.1910.3347/kjp.1997.35.1.199100435Search in Google Scholar

MAGDA, A.A., AMER, O.H., MAYSA, A.I.A., MERWAD, A.M.A., HASSAN, M.S.A. (2010): Role of Atherina fi sh in transmitting some trema todes of public health importance. In Proceedings of the 3rd Global Fisheries and Aquaculture Research Conference, Foreign Agricultural Relations (FAR), Egypt, 29 November - 1 December 2010, pp. 120 - 133Search in Google Scholar

MARI, A., RASI, C., PALAZZO, P., SCALA, E. (2009): Allergen databases: current status and perspectives. Curr. Allergy Asthma Rep., 9: 376 - 383. DOI: 10.1007/s11882-009-0055-910.1007/s11882-009-0055-919671381Search in Google Scholar

MARTY, G.D. (2008): Anisakid larva in the viscera of a farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Aquaculture, 279: 209 - 210. DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2008.04.00610.1016/j.aquaculture.2008.04.006Search in Google Scholar

MEHRDANA, F., BAHLOOL, Q.Z., SKOV, J., MARANA, M.H., SINDBERG, D., MUNDELING, M., OVERGAARD, B.C., KORBUT, R., STROM, S.B., KANIA, P.W., BUCHMANN, K. (2014): Occurrence of zoonotic nematodes Pseudoterranova decipiens, Contracaecum osculatum and Anisakis simplex in cod (Gadus morhua) from the Baltic Sea. Vet. Parasitol. 205: 581 - 587. DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2014.08.02710.1016/j.vetpar.2014.08.02725224792Search in Google Scholar

MOLINA-FERNÁNDEZ, D., MALAGÓN, D., GÓMEZ-MATEOS, M., BENÍTEZ, R., MARTÍN-SÁNCHEZ, J., ADROHER, F.J. (2015): Fishing area and fi sh size as risk factors of Anisakis infection in sardines (Sardina pilchardus) from Iberian waters, southwestern Europe. Int. J. Food Microbiol., 203: 27 - 34. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2015.02.02410.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2015.02.02425770431Search in Google Scholar

MONEO, I., CABALLERO, M. L., GONZALEZ-MUNOZ, M., RODRIGUEZ-MAHILLO, A.I., RODRIGUEZ-PEREZ, R., SILVA, A. (2005): Isolation of a heat-resistant allergen from the fi sh parasite Anisakis simplex. Parasitol. Res., 96: 285 - 289. DOI: 10.1007/s00436-005-1362-210.1007/s00436-005-1362-215895253Search in Google Scholar

MONEO, I., CABALLERO, M.L., GOMEZ, F., ORTEGA, E., ALONSO, J.M. (2000): Isolation and characterization of a major allergen from the fi sh parasite Anisakis simplex. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol., 106: 177 - 182. DOI: 10.1067/mai.2000.10673210.1067/mai.2000.10673210887322Search in Google Scholar

MORAVEC, F. (1994): Parasitic nematode of freshwater fi shes of Europe. Academia Prague and Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, The Netherlands, Boston and London, 473pp.Search in Google Scholar

NADA, M.S.M., ABD EL-GHANY, A. M. (2011): Anisakid nematodes in marine fi shes. J. Am. Sci., 7: 1000 - 1005Search in Google Scholar

NOH, J.H., KIM, B., KIM, S.M., OCK, M., PARK, M.I., GOO, J.Y. (2003): A case of acute gastric anisakiasis provoking severe clinical problems by multiple infection. Korean J. Parasitol., 41: 97 - 100. DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2003.41.2.9710.3347/kjp.2003.41.2.97Search in Google Scholar

OH, S.-R., ZHANG, C.-Y., KIM, T.-I., HONG, S.-J., JU, I.-S., LEE, S.-H., KIM, S.-H., CHO, J.-I., HA, S.-D. (2014): Inactivation of Anisakis larvae in salt-fermented squid and pollock tripe by freezing, salting, and combined treatment with chlorine and ultrasound. Food Control, 40: 46 - 49. DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2013.11.02310.1016/j.foodcont.2013.11.023Search in Google Scholar

PARK, H.K., CHO, M.K., PARK, M.K., KANG, S.A., KIM, Y.S., KIM, K.U., LEE, M.K., OCK, M.S., CHA, H.J., YU, H.S. (2011): A 24 kDa excretory- secretory protein of Anisakis simplex larvae could elicit allergic airway infl ammation in mice. Korean J. Parasitol., 49: 373 - 380. DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2011.49.4.37310.3347/kjp.2011.49.4.373Search in Google Scholar

PARK, J.H., GUK, S.M., KIM, T.Y., SHIN, E.H., LIN, A., PARK, J.Y., KIM, J.L., HONG, S.T., CHAI, J.Y. (2004): Clonorchis sinensis metacercarial infection in the pond smelt Hypomesus olidus and the minnow Zacco platypus collected from the Soyang and Daechung Lakes. Korean J. Parasitol., 42: 41 - 44. DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2004.42.1.4110.3347/kjp.2004.42.1.41Search in Google Scholar

PARK, J.S., CHO, M.K., YU, H.S., AHN, S.C. (2012): Identifi cation of a 24 kDa excretory secretory protein in Anisakis simplex. Exp. Parasitol., 130: 69 - 72. DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2011.09.00810.1016/j.exppara.2011.09.008Search in Google Scholar

POMBO, L., ELLIOTT, M., REBELO, J.E. (2005): Ecology, age and growth of Atherina boyeri and Atherina presbyter in the Ria de Aveiro, Portugal. Cybium 29: 47 - 55Search in Google Scholar

PRITCHARD, M.H., KRUSE, G.O.W. (1982): The collection and preservation of animal parasites. Technical Bulletin No. 1. The Harold W. Manter Laboratory, University of Nebraska Press, 141 pp.Search in Google Scholar

PULLEIRO-POTEL, L., BARCALA, E., MAYO-HERNÁNDEZ, E., MUÑOZ, P. (2015): Survey of anisakids in commercial teleosts from the western Mediterranean Sea: Infection rates and possible effects of environmental and ecological factors. Food Control, 55: 12 - 17. DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2015.02.02010.1016/j.foodcont.2015.02.020Search in Google Scholar

QUIAZON, K.M.A., YOSHINAGA, T., OGAWA, K. (2011): Experimental challenge of Anisakis simplex sensu stricto and Anisakis pegreffi i (Nematoda: Anisakidae) in rainbow trout and olive fl ounder. Parasitol. Int., 60: 126 - 131. DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2010.11.00710.1016/j.parint.2010.11.007Search in Google Scholar

RAYBOURNE, R., DEARDORFF, T.L., BIER, J.W. (1986): Anisakis simplex: Larval excretory secretory protein production and cytostatic action in mammalian cell cultures. Exp. Parasitol., 62: 92 - 97. DOI: 10.1016/0014-4894(86)90012-310.1016/0014-4894(86)90012-3Search in Google Scholar

RODERO, M., CUELLAR, C., CHIVATO, T., MATEOS, J.M., LAGUNA, R. (2007): Western blot antibody determination in sera from patients diagnosed with Anisakis sensitization with different antigenic fractions of Anisakis simplex purifi ed by affi nity chromatography. J. Helminthol., 81: 307 - 310. DOI: 10.1017/S0022149X0782022010.1017/S0022149X07820220Search in Google Scholar

RODERO, M., JIMENEZ, A., CUELLAR, C. (2002): Evaluation by ELISA of Anisakis simplex larval antigen purifi ed by affi nity chromatography. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz, 97: 247 - 252. DOI: 10.1590/S0074-0276200200020001810.1590/S0074-0276200200020001812016451Search in Google Scholar

RODRIGUEZ-MAHILLO, A.I., GONZALEZ-MUNOZ, M., DE LAS HERAS, C., TEJADA, M., MONEO, I. (2010): Quantifi cation of Anisakis simplex allergens in fresh, long-term frozen, and cooked fi sh muscle. Foodborne Pathog. Dis., 7: 967 - 973Search in Google Scholar

RODRIGUEZ-MAHILLO, A.I., GONZALEZ-MUNOZ, M., MONEO, I., SOLAS, M. T., MENDIZABAL, A., DE LAS HERAS, C., TEJADA, M. (2008): Allergenic properties and cuticle microstructure of Anisakis simplex L3 after freezing and pepsin digestion. J. Food Prot., 71: 2578 - 2581.Search in Google Scholar

RODRIGUEZ-PEREZ, R., MONEO, I., RODRIGUEZ-MAHILLO, A., CABALLERO, M. L. (2008): Cloning and expression of Ani s 9, a new Anisakis simplex allergen. Mol. Biochem. Parasitol., 159: 92 - 97. DOI: 10.1016/j.molbiopara.2008.02.00810.1016/j.molbiopara.2008.02.008Search in Google Scholar

SANCHEZ-MONSALVEZ, I., DE ARMAS-SERRA, C., MARTINEZ, J., DORADO, M., SANCHEZ, A., RODRIGUEZ-CAABEIRO, F. (2005): A new procedure for marinating fresh anchovies and ensuring the rapid destruction of Anisakis larvae. J. Food Prot., 68: 1066 - 1072Search in Google Scholar

SERRACCA, L., BATTISTINI, R., ROSSINI, I., CARDUCCI, A., VERANI, M., PREARO, M., TOMEI, L., DE MONTIS, G., ERCOLINI, C. (2014): Food safety considerations in relation to Anisakis pegreffi i in anchovies (Engraulis encrasicolus) and sardines (Sardina pilchardus) fi shed off the Ligurian Coast (Cinque Terre National Park, NW Mediterranean). Int. J. Food Microbiol., 190: 79 - 83. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro. 2014.08.025Search in Google Scholar

SETYOBUDI, E. JEON, CH.-H., LEE, CH.-H., SEONG, K.-B., KIM, J.-H. (2011): Occurrence and identifi cation of Anisakis spp. (Nematoda: Anisakidae) isolated from chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) in Korea. Parasitol. Res., 108: 585 - 592. DOI: 10.1007/s00436-010-2101-x 10.1007/s00436-010-2101-xSearch in Google Scholar

SHAVER, R.J., MIZELLE, J.D. (1955): Effects of rapid and ultra-rapid freezing on Trichinella spiralis larvae from guinea pigs and rats. Am. Midl. Nat., 54: 65 - 77. DOI: 10.2307/242217810.2307/2422178Search in Google Scholar

SKOV, J., MEHRDANA, F., MARANA, M.H., BAHLOOL, Q.Z.M., JAAFAR, R. M., SINDBERG, D., JENSEN, H.M., KANIA, P.W., BUCHMANN, K. (2014): Parasite infections of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) from Danish mariculture. Aquaculture, 434: 486 - 492. DOI: 10.1016/j. aquaculture.2014.08.041Search in Google Scholar

SMITH, J. W. (1984): The abundance of Anisakis simplex L3 in the body-cavity and fl esh of marine teleosts. Int. J. Parasitol., 14: 491 - 495. DOI: 10.1016/0020-7519(84)90030-410.1016/0020-7519(84)90030-4Search in Google Scholar

SOLAS, M.T., GARCÍA, M.L., DE LAS HERAS, C.A., RODRIGUEZ-MAHILLO, I., GONZALEZ-MUNOZ, M., MONEO, I., MENDIZÁBAL, A., TEJADA, M. (2009): Anisakis simplex antigens in fresh and frozen-thawed muscle of anchovies in vinegar. Food Sci. Tech. Int., 15: 139 - 148. DOI: 10.1177/108201320810517110.1177/1082013208105171Search in Google Scholar

TEJADA, M., SOLAS, M.T., NAVAS, A., MENDIZABAL, A. (2006): Scanning electron microscopy of Anisakis larvae following different treatments. J. Food Prot., 69: 1379 - 1387Search in Google Scholar

VALERO, A.C., M.; BENITEZ, R., FRANCISCO, J.A. (2006): Anisakis spp. in European hake, Merluccius merluccius (L.) from the Atlantic off north-west Africa and the Mediterranean off southern Spain. Acta Parasitol., 51: 209 - 212. DOI: 10.2478/s11686-006-0032-610.2478/s11686-006-0032-6Search in Google Scholar

VIDACEK, S., DE LAS HERAS, C., SOLAS, M.T., GARCIA, M.L., MENDIZABAL, A., TEJADA, M. (2011): Viability and antigenicity of Anisakis simplex after conventional and microwave heating at fi xed temperatures. J. Food Prot., 74: 2119 - 2126. DOI: 10.4315/0362-028X. JFP-11-108Search in Google Scholar

VIDACEK, S., DE LAS HERAS, C., SOLAS, M.T., MENDIZABAL, A., RODRIGUEZ- MAHILLO, A.I., GONZALEZ-MUNOZ, M., TEJADA, M. (2009): Anisakis simplex allergens remain active after conventional or microwave heating and pepsin treatments of chilled and frozen L3 larvae. J. Sci. Food Agric., 89: 1997 - 2002. DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.367710.1002/jsfa.3677Search in Google Scholar

VIDACEK, S., DE LAS HERAS, C., SOLAS, M.T., MENDIZABAL, A., RODRIGUEZ- MAHILLO, A.I., TEJADA, M. (2010): Antigenicity and viability of Anisakis larvae infesting hake heated at different time-temperature conditions. J. Food Prot., 73: 62 - 68Search in Google Scholar

WHARTON, D.A., AALDERS, O. (2002): The response of anisakid to freezing. J. Helminthol., 76: 363 - 368. DOI: 10.1079/JOH200214910.1079/JOH200214912498643Search in Google Scholar

ZURAK , I. (2010): Anisakis simplex from the Adriatic sea. In14th International Congress on Infectious Diseases Abstracts, Int. J. Infect. Dis., 14 (Suppl. 1): e291. DOI:10.1016/j.ijid.2010.02.2132 10.1016/j.ijid.2010.02.2132Search in Google Scholar