How Cultural Parenting Impacts Children’s Academics and Creativity

Albert, R. S. (1978). Observations and suggestions regarding giftedness, familial influence, and the achievement of eminence. Gifted Child Quarterly, 22, 201-211.10.1177/001698627802200214Search in Google Scholar

Albert, R. S. (1980a). Exceptionally gifted boys and their parents: Basic educational, cognitive, and creative similarities. Gifted Child Quarterly, 24, 174-179.10.1177/001698628002400409Search in Google Scholar

Albert, R. S. (1980b). Family positions and the attainment of eminence: study of positions and special family experiences. Gifted Child Quarterly, 24, 87-95.10.1177/001698628002400208Search in Google Scholar

Albert, R. S. (1980c). Genius. In. R.H. Woody (Ed.), The encyclopaedia of clinical assessment. San Francisco, CA: Jessey-Bass.Search in Google Scholar

Ahn, S. Y., & Baek, H. J. (2013). Academic achievement-oriented society and its relationship to the psychological well-being of Korean adolescents. In C-C. Yi (Ed.), The psychological well-being of East Asian youth, V. 2 of Quality of life in Asia (pp. 265-279). Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Springer.Search in Google Scholar

Arnold, D. H., Zeljo, A., Doctoroff, G. L., & Ortiz, C. (2008). Parent involvement in pre- school: Predictors and the relation of involvement to preliteracy development. School Psychology Review, 37, 74-90.10.1080/02796015.2008.12087910Search in Google Scholar

Bae, S. H., & Orlinsky, D. E. (2006). Gender, marital status, and age in the professional development of psychotherapists in Korea. Asian Journal of Women’s Studies, 12(1), 36-62.10.1080/12259276.2006.11666004Search in Google Scholar

Bang, H., & Montgomery, D. (2013). Wisdom and ego-identity for Korean and American late adolescents. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 44, 807-831.10.1177/0022022112466941Search in Google Scholar

Barkema, H. G., Chen, X. P., George, G., Luo, Y., & Tsui, A. S. (2015). West meets east: New concepts and theories. Academy of Management Journal, 58, 460-479.10.5465/amj.2015.4021Search in Google Scholar

Barron, F. (1963). Creativity and psychological health: Origins of personal vitality and creative freedom. New York, NY: Van Nostrand.Search in Google Scholar

Bartlett, T., & Fischer, K. (2011). The China conundrum. The Chronicle of Higher Education. Retrieved from http://chronicle.com/article/The-China-Conundrum/129628/Search in Google Scholar

Bong, M. (2008). Effects of parent-child relationships and classroom goal structures on motivation, help-seeking avoidance, and cheating. Journal of Experimental Education, 76, 191-217.10.3200/JEXE.76.2.191-217Search in Google Scholar

Brewer, P., & Venaik, S. (2011). Individualism-collectivism in Hofstede and GLOBE. Journal of International Business Studies, 42, 436-445.10.1057/jibs.2010.62Search in Google Scholar

Brockner, J., Ackerman, G., Greenberg, J., Gelfand, M. J., Francesco, A. M., Chen, Z. X., & Kirkman, B. L. (2001). Culture and procedural justice: The influence of power distance on reactions to voice. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 37, 300-315.10.1006/jesp.2000.1451Search in Google Scholar

Brooks, J. B. (1973). Familial antecedents and adult correlates of artistic interests in childhood. Journal of Personality, 41, 110-120.10.1111/j.1467-6494.1973.tb00663.xSearch in Google Scholar

Burks, B. S., Jensen, D. W., & Terman, L. M. (1930). The promise of youth: Vol. 3: Genetic studies of genius. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.Search in Google Scholar

Chan, J., & Chen, Y. (2008). Processes and outcomes of encouraging universities to implement creative studies colleges. In J. Chan. (Ed.), Creative education programs in Taiwan: Development and implementation (pp. 244-257). Taipei, Taiwan: Ministry of Education.Search in Google Scholar

Chiang, H. L., & Hadadian, A. (2009). Chinese and Chinese- American families of children with disabilities. International Journal of Special Education, 22(2), 19-23.Search in Google Scholar

Chua, R. Y., Roth, Y., & Lemoine, J. F. (2015). The impact of culture on creativity: How cultural tightness and cultural distance affect global innovation crowdsourcing work. Administrative Science Quarterly, 60, 189-227.10.1177/0001839214563595Search in Google Scholar

Comeau, G., Huta, V., & Liu, Y. (2015). Work ethic, motivation, and parental influences in Chinese and North American children learning to play the piano. International Journal of Music Education, 33, 181-194.10.1177/0255761413516062Search in Google Scholar

Costa, P. T, Jr., & McCrae, R. R. (1985). The NEO Personality Inventory manual. Odessa, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources.Search in Google Scholar

Cox, C. M. (1926). The early mental traits of 300 geniuses. In Vol. 2 of Genetic studies of genius. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.Search in Google Scholar

Creswell, J. W. (1998). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five traditions. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.Search in Google Scholar

Creswell, J. W. (2002). Educational research: Planning, conducting, and evaluating quantitative and qualitative research. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Merrill Prentice Hall.Search in Google Scholar

Creswell, J. W. (2013). Qualitative inquiry & research design: Choosing among five approaches (3rd ed.). Los Angeles, CA: Sage.Search in Google Scholar

Cui, N., Xue, J., Connolly, C. A., & Liu, J. (2016). Does the gender of parent or child matter in child maltreatment in China? Child Abuse & Neglect, 54, 1-9.10.1016/j.chiabu.2016.01.003Search in Google Scholar

Dewing, K. (1970). Family influence on creativity: A review and discussion. Journal of Special Education, 4, 399-404.10.1177/002246697000400403Search in Google Scholar

Dewing, K., & Taft, R. (1973). Some characteristics of the parents of creative twelve-year-olds. Journal of Personality, 41, 71-85.10.1111/j.1467-6494.1973.tb00661.xSearch in Google Scholar

Dwairy, M., & Achoui, M. (2010). Parental control: A second cross-cultural research on parenting and psychological adjustment of children. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 19, 16-22.10.1007/s10826-009-9334-2Search in Google Scholar

El Nokali, N. E., Bachman, H. J., & Votruba-Drzal, E. (2010). Parent involvement and children’s academic and social development in elementary school. Child Development, 81, 988-1005.10.1111/j.1467-8624.2010.01447.xSearch in Google Scholar

Elman, B. A. (2009). Civil service examinations (Keju). In Berkshire encyclopedia of China (pp. 405-410). Great Barrington, MA: Berkshire.Search in Google Scholar

Epstein, J. L. (2010). School/Family/Community Partnerships: Caring for the children we share. Phi Delta Kappan, 92, 81-96.10.1177/003172171009200326Search in Google Scholar

Fearon, D. D., Copeland, D., & Saxon, T. F. (2013). The relationship between parenting styles and creativity in a sample of Jamaican children. Creativity Research Journal, 25, 119-128.10.1080/10400419.2013.752287Search in Google Scholar

Feist, G. J. (1998). A meta-analysis of personality in scientific and artistic creativity. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 2, 290-309.10.1207/s15327957pspr0204_5Search in Google Scholar

Fowler, F. C. (2013). Policy studies for educational leaders: An introduction (4^th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education.Search in Google Scholar

Gelfand, M. J., Raver, J. L., Nishii, L., Leslie, L. M., Lun, J., Lim, B. C.,. . . Aycan, Z. (2011). Differences between tight and loose cultures: A 33-nation study. Science, 332, 1100-1104.10.1126/science.1197754Search in Google Scholar

Getzels, J. W., & Jackson, P. W. (1962). Creativity and intelligence. New York, NY: Wiley.Search in Google Scholar

Grant, A. M. (2008). Does intrinsic motivation fuel the prosocial fire? Motivational synergy in predicting persistence, performance, and productivity. Journal of Applied Psychology, 93, 48-58.10.1037/0021-9010.93.1.48Search in Google Scholar

Guest, G., Bunce, A., & Johnson, L. (2006). How many interviews are enough? An experiment with data saturation and variability. Field Methods, 18(1), 59-82.10.1177/1525822X05279903Search in Google Scholar

Hayes, K. J. (1962). Genes, drives, and intellect. Psychological Reports, 10, 299-342.10.2466/pr0.1962.10.2.299Search in Google Scholar

Helson, R. (1965). Childhood interest clusters related to creativity in women. Journal of Consulting Psychology, 29, 352-361.10.1037/h0022401Search in Google Scholar

Helson, R. (1966). Personality of women with imaginative and artistic interests; The role of masculinity, originality, and other characteristics in their creativity. Journal of Personality, 34, 1-25.10.1111/j.1467-6494.1966.tb01695.xSearch in Google Scholar

Huntsinger, C. S., & Jose, P. E. (2009). Parental involvement in children’s schooling: Different meanings in different cultures. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 24, 398-410.10.1016/j.ecresq.2009.07.006Search in Google Scholar

Hwang, K.-K. (2001). The deep structure of Confucianism: A social psychological approach. Asian Philosophy, 11, 179-204.10.1080/09552360120116928Search in Google Scholar

Ice, C. L., & Hoover-Dempsey, K. V. (2011). Linking parental motivations for involvement and student proximal achievement outcomes in homeschooling and public schooling settings. Education & Urban Society, 43, 339-369.10.1177/0013124510380418Search in Google Scholar

Jerrim, J. (2014). Why do East Asian children perform so well in PISA? An investigation of Western-born children of East Asian descent. London, UK: University of London.Search in Google Scholar

Jia, L., Hirt, E. R., & Karpen, S. C. (2009). Lessons from a faraway land: The effect of spatial distance on creative cognition. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 45, 1127-1131.10.1016/j.jesp.2009.05.015Search in Google Scholar

Johnson, B., & Christensen, L. (2012). Educational research: Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed approaches. 4th ed. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.Search in Google Scholar

Kim, K. H. (2007). Exploring the interactions between Asian culture (Confucianism) and creativity. Journal of Creative Behavior, 41, 28-54.10.1002/j.2162-6057.2007.tb01280.xSearch in Google Scholar

Kim, K. H. (2009). Cultural influence on creativity: The relationship between Asian culture (Confucianism) and creativity among Korean educators. Journal of Creative Behavior, 43, 73-93.10.1002/j.2162-6057.2009.tb01307.xSearch in Google Scholar

Kim, K. H. (2016). The creativity challenge: How we can recapture American innovation. Amherst, NY: Prometheus Books.Search in Google Scholar

Kim, K. H. (2017). The Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking Figural or Verbal: Which one should we use? Creativity: Theories-Research-Applications, 4, 302-321.10.1515/ctra-2017-0015Search in Google Scholar

Kim, K. H. (2018). How can parents and teachers cultivate creative climates for children to become innovators? Childhood Education, 94(2), 10-17. DOI: 10.1515/ctra-2017-001510.1515/ctra-2017-0015Search in Google Scholar

Kim, K. H. (in press). Creativity crisis update: America follows Asia in pursuing high test scores over learning. Roeper Review.Search in Google Scholar

Kim, K.H., Lee, H. E., Chae, K., Anderson, L., & Laurence, C. (2011). Creativity and Confucianism among American and Korean educators. Creativity Research Journal, 23, 357-371.10.1080/10400419.2011.621853Search in Google Scholar

Kim, K.H., & Park S. G. (in press). How do parents’ cultural values affect children’s creativity? Creativity Research Journal.Search in Google Scholar

Kim-Rupnow, W. S. (2005). Disability and Korean culture. In J. H. Stone (Ed.), Culture and disability: Providing culturally competent services (pp. 115-138). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.Search in Google Scholar

Kurman, J., Liem, G. A., Ivancovsky, T., Morio, H., & Lee, J. (2015). Regulatory focus as an explanatory variable for cross-cultural differences in achievement-related behavior. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 46, 171-190.10.1177/0022022114558090Search in Google Scholar

Lee, H. S., & Kim, J. N. (2005). A study on expectation of parents of children with autism spectrum disorders. Journal of Special Education & Rehabilitation Science, 44, 175-193.Search in Google Scholar

Leung, A. N., Wong, S. S., Wong, I. W., & McBride-Chang, C. (2010). Filial piety and psychosocial adjustment in Hong Kong Chinese early adolescents. Journal of Early Adolescence, 30, 651-667.10.1177/0272431609341046Search in Google Scholar

Li, C., & Wu, J. (2011). The structural relationships between optimism and innovative behavior: Understanding potential antecedents and mediating effects. Creativity Research Journal, 23, 119-128.10.1080/10400419.2011.571184Search in Google Scholar

Lincoln, Y. S., & Guba, E. G. (1985). Naturalistic inquiry. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.Search in Google Scholar

Mansyur, C. L., Liviatan, I., Trope, Y., & Liberman, N. (2008). Interpersonal similarity as a social distance dimension: A construal level approach to the mental representations and judgments of similar and dissimilar others’ actions. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 44, 1256-1269.Search in Google Scholar

Lu, L., Huang, Y., & Chang, H. (2014). Confucian dynamism, the role of money and consumer ethical beliefs: An exploratory study in Taiwan. Ethics and Behavior 24, 34-52.10.1080/10508422.2013.818921Search in Google Scholar

Ma, Z., Doing, W., Wu, J., Liang, D., & Yin, X. (2015). Confucian ideal personality and Chinese business negotiation styles: An indigenous perspective. Group Decision and Negotiation, 24, 383-400.10.1007/s10726-014-9394-6Search in Google Scholar

Marginson, S. (2011). Higher education in East Asia and Singapore: Rise of the Confucian model. Higher Education, 61, 587-611.10.1007/s10734-010-9384-9Search in Google Scholar

McBride, B. A., Dyer, W. J., Liu, Y., Brown, G. L., & Hong, S. (2009). The differential impact of early father and mother involvement on later student achievement. Journal of educational psychology, 101, 498-508.10.1037/a0014238Search in Google Scholar

McCabe, H. (2007). Parent advocacy in the face of adversity: Autism and families in the People’s Republic of China. Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities, 22, 39-50.10.1177/10883576070220010501Search in Google Scholar

McCrae, R. M. (1987). Creativity, divergent thinking, and openness to experience. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 52, 1258-1265.10.1037/0022-3514.52.6.1258Search in Google Scholar

McKinley, J. (2015). Critical argument and writer identity: Social constructivism as a theoretical framework for EFL academic writing. Critical in Language Studies, 12, 184-207.10.1080/15427587.2015.1060558Search in Google Scholar

MacKinnon, D. W. (1962). The nature and nurture of creative talent. American Psychologist, 17, 484-495.10.1037/h0046541Search in Google Scholar

MacKinnon, D. W. (1964). Creativity and images of the self. In R. W. White (Ed.), The study of lives. New York, NY: Atherton Press.Search in Google Scholar

MacKinnon, D. W. (1967). Assessing creative persons. Journal of Creative Behavior, 1, 291-304.10.1002/j.2162-6057.1967.tb00030.xSearch in Google Scholar

MacKinnon, D. W. (1975). IPAR’s contribution to the conceptualization and study of creativity. In Taylor, I. & Getzels, J. (Eds.) Perspectives in Creativity. Chicago, IL: Aldine.Search in Google Scholar

McNeely, C. A., & Barber, B. K. (2010). How do parents make adolescents feel loved? Perspectives on supportive parenting from adolescents in 12 cultures. Journal of Adolescent Research, 25, 601-631.10.1177/0743558409357235Search in Google Scholar

Mehrinejad, S. A., Rajabimoghadam, S., & Tarsafi, M. (2015). The relationship between parenting styles and creativity and the predictability of creativity by parenting styles. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 205, 56-60.10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.09.014Search in Google Scholar

Miller, A. L., Lambert, A. D., & Speirs Neumeister, K. L. (2012). Parenting style, perfectionism, and creativity in high-ability and high-achieving young adults. Journal for the Education of the Gifted, 35, 344-365.10.1177/0162353212459257Search in Google Scholar

Miron-Spektor, E., Paletz, S. B., & Lin, C. C. (2015). To create without losing face: The effects of face cultural logic and social-image affirmation on creativity. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 36, 919-943.10.1002/job.2029Search in Google Scholar

Morrison, E. W., & Milliken, F. J. (2000). Organizational silence: A barrier to change and development in a pluralistic world. Academy of Management Review, 25, 706-725.10.5465/amr.2000.3707697Search in Google Scholar

Morrow, W. R., & Wilson, R. C. (1961). Family relations of bright high-achieving and under-achieving high school boys. Child Development, 32, 501-510.10.2307/1126214Search in Google Scholar

Mozafari, S. (2014). Prediction of creativity and academic achievement based on child rearing styles. International Journal of Psychology and Behavioral Research, 3, 166-176.Search in Google Scholar

Nouri, R., Erez, M., Lee, C., Liang, J., Bannister, B. D., & Chiu, W. (2015). Social context: Key to understanding culture’s effects on creativity. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 36, 899-918.10.1002/job.1923Search in Google Scholar

Palawat, M., & May, M. E. (2012). The impact of cultural diversity on special education provision in the United States. Journal of the International Association of Special Education, 13(1), 58-63.Search in Google Scholar

Park, M., & Chesla, C. (2007). Revisiting Confucianism as a conceptual framework for Asian family study. Journal of Family Nursing 13, 293-311.10.1177/1074840707304400Search in Google Scholar

Polman, E., & Emich, K. J. (2011). Decisions for others are more creative than decisions for the self. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 37, 492-501.10.1177/0146167211398362Search in Google Scholar

Pellegrini, E. K., & Scandura, T. A. (2008). Paternalistic leadership: A review and agenda for future research. Journal of Management 34, 566-593.10.1177/0149206308316063Search in Google Scholar

Pronin, E., & Ross, L. (2006). Temporal differences in trait self ascription: When the self is seen as another. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 90, 197-209.10.1037/0022-3514.90.2.197Search in Google Scholar

Rinne, T., Steel, G. D., & Fairweather, J. (2012) Hofstede and Shane revisited the role of power distance and individualism in national-level innovation success. Cross-Cultural Research, 46, 91-108.10.1177/1069397111423898Search in Google Scholar

Rinne, T., Steel, G. D., & Fairweather, J. (2013). The role of Hofstede’s individualism in national-level creativity. Creativity Research Journal, 25, 129-136.10.1080/10400419.2013.752293Search in Google Scholar

Roberts, D. (2014, May). China exam system drives student suicides. Bloomberg. Retrieved from http://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2014-05-15/china-exam-system-drives-student-suicides.Search in Google Scholar

Roe, A. (1952). The making of a scientist. New York, NY: Dodd, Mead.Search in Google Scholar

Russ, S. W. (1993). Affect and creativity: The role of affect and play in the creative process. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum & Associates.Search in Google Scholar

Schneider, B., & Lee, Y. (1990). A model for academic success: The school and home environment of East Asian students. Anthropology & Education Quarterly, 21, 358-377.10.1525/aeq.1990.21.4.04x0596xSearch in Google Scholar

Schroth, R. A. (2012, May). The plagiarism plague. America: The national catholic weekly. Retrieved from http://www.americamagazine.org/content/article.cfm?article_id=13413Search in Google Scholar

Steinberg, L., Dornbusch, S., & Brown, B. B. (1992). Ethnic differences in adolescent achievement: An ecological perspective. American Psychologist, 47, 723-729.10.1037/0003-066X.47.6.723Search in Google Scholar

Sternberg, R. J., & Kaufman, J. C. (2010). Constraints on creativity. In J. C. Kaufman & R. J. Sternberg (Eds.), The Cambridge handbook of creativity (pp. 467-482). New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.Search in Google Scholar

Suen, H. K., & Yu, L. (2006). Chronic consequences of high-stakes testing? Lessons from the Chinese civil service exam. Comparative Education Review, 50(1), 46-65.10.1086/498328Search in Google Scholar

Tan, P., Morgan, S., & Zagheni, E. (2016). A case for “reversed one-child” policies in Japan and South Korea? Examining the link between education costs and lowest-low fertility. Population Research and Policy Review, 35, 327-350.10.1007/s11113-016-9390-4Search in Google Scholar

Taylor, M. Z., & Wilson, S. (2012). Does culture still matter? The effects of individualism on national innovation rates. Journal of Business Venturing, 27, 234-247.10.1016/j.jbusvent.2010.10.001Search in Google Scholar

Tellis, G. J., Prabhu, J. C., & Chandy, R. K. (2009). Radical innovation across nations: The preeminence of corporate culture. Journal of Marketing, 73(1), 3-23.10.1509/jmkg.73.1.003Search in Google Scholar

Terman, L. M. (1954). The discovery and encouragement of exceptional talent. American Psychologist, 9, 221-230.10.1037/h0060516Search in Google Scholar

Thrash, T. M., Maruskin, L. A., Cassidy, S. E., Fryer, J. W., & Ryan, R. M. (2010). Mediating between the muse and the masses: Inspiration and the actualization of creative ideas. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 98, 469-487.10.1037/a0017907Search in Google Scholar

Torrance, E. P., & Safter, H. T. (1999). Making the creative leap beyond. Buffalo, NY: Creative Education Foundation Press.Search in Google Scholar

Vagle, M. D. (2014). Crafting phenomenological research. Walnut Creek, CA: Left Coast Press.Search in Google Scholar

Varsakelis, N. C. (2001). The impact of patent protection, economy openness and national culture on R&D investment: A cross-country empirical investigation. Research Policy, 30, 1059-1068.10.1016/S0048-7333(00)00130-XSearch in Google Scholar

Valdez, C., Shewakramani, V., Goldberg, S., & Padilla, B. (2013). Parenting influences on Latino children’s social competence in the first grade: Parental depression and parent involvement at home and school. Child Psychiatry & Human Development, 44, 646-657.10.1007/s10578-013-0358-xSearch in Google Scholar

Wakslak, C. J., Trope, Y., Liberman, N., & Alony, R. (2006). Seeing the forest when entry is unlikely: Probability and the mental representation of events. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 135, 641-653.10.1037/0096-3445.135.4.641Search in Google Scholar

Walsh, C. (2013). Jobs, Einstein, and Franklin: Isaacson deconstructs their genius and dedication to larger goals. Harvard Gazette. Retrieved from http://news.harvard.edu/gazette/stroy/2013/04/jobs-einstein-and-franklin/Search in Google Scholar

Wang, L. C. (2015). The effect of high-stakes testing on suicidal ideation of teenagers with reference-dependent preferences. Journal of Population Economics, 29, 345-364.10.1007/s00148-015-0575-7Search in Google Scholar

Williams, P., Barclay, L., & Schmied, V. (2004). Defining social support in context: A necessary step in improving research, intervention, and practice. Qualitative Health Research, 14, 942-960.10.1177/1049732304266997Search in Google Scholar

Weisberg, P.S., & Springer, K. J. (1961). Environmental factors in creative functions: A study of gifted children. Archives of General Psychiatry, 5, 64-74.10.1001/archpsyc.1961.01710180038005Search in Google Scholar

Xu, M., Benson, S. N. K., Mudrey-Camino, R., & Steiner, R. P. (2010). The relationship between parental involvement, self-regulated learning, and reading achievement of fifth graders: A path analysis using the ECLS-K database. Social Psychology of Education, 13, 237-269.10.1007/s11218-009-9104-4Search in Google Scholar

Yan, M-C., Kim, S., Kang, H-J., & Wilkerson, K. L. (2017). Perceptions of disability and special education among East Asian parents. Journal of International Special Needs Education, 20(1), 41-55.10.9782/2159-4341-20.1.41Search in Google Scholar

Yang, S., & Shin, C. S. (2008). Parental attitudes towards education: What matters for children’s well-being? Children and Youth Services Review, 30, 1328-1335.10.1016/j.childyouth.2008.03.015Search in Google Scholar

Yonngong (2015). Suicide No. 1 cause of death for S. Korean teens, youths. Yonhap News Agency. Retrieved from http://english.yonhapnews.co.kr/national/2015/04/28/11/0302000000AEN20150428004700320F.htmlSearch in Google Scholar