Bones, blood and steel: How bioelectrical impedance analysis is affected by hip fracture and surgical implants
Article Category: Articles
Published Online: Jul 06, 2017
Page range: 54 - 59
Received: Jan 14, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5617/jeb.4104
Keywords
© 2017 Ole Martin Steihaug, Bård Bogen, Målfrid Holen Kristoffersen and Anette Hylen Ranhoff, published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.
Introduction
Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is in widespread use, but there is uncertainty about its validity in patients with metal implants or after acute hip fracture and surgery. We aimed to investigate the use of single frequency tetrapolar BIA in patients with hip fracture by answering the following questions: 1) Are BIA measurements affected by recent hip fracture and surgical repair? 2) Are BIA measurements affected by the presence of metal implants used in hip fracture surgery?
Setting
Two hospitals in Bergen, Norway.
Participants
A convenience sample of 203 acute hip fracture patients.
Methods
Participants had their body composition measured by single frequency, tetrapolar BIA on the fractured and unfractured side of the body in the immediate postoperative period and at follow-up three months after hip fracture. Measurements from fractured and unfractured side and measurements in hospital and at follow-up were compared. BIA readings for hips treated with cannulated screws, compression hip screw and hip arthroplasty were compared.
Results
Resistance was lower on the side of the fractured hip compared to the unfractured side postoperatively, but not at follow-up. BIA readings did not differ by type of surgical implant.
Conclusion
Recent fracture and surgery influences single frequency tetrapolar BIA resistance. The presence of surgical implants in the hip do not affect BIA measurements. If BIA is used in acute hip fracture patients, the contralateral side to the fracture should be measured.