Antimicrobial | Resistant strains | Nonresistant strains | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
R | S | I | R | S | I | R | S | I | R | S | I | |
Ampicillin | 14 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 1 | 0 | 10 | 3 | 0 |
Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid | 2 | 8 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 8 | 4 | 7 | 6 | 0 |
Piperacillin/tazobactam | 5 | 8 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 11 | 0 | 7 | 6 | 0 |
Cefoxitin | 2 | 9 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 11 | 2 | 7 | 6 | 0 |
Ceftazidime | 14 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 13 | 0 | 7 | 6 | 0 |
Cefepime | 14 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 13 | 0 | 7 | 6 | 0 |
Imipenem | 0 | 13 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 13 | 0 | 7 | 6 | 0 |
Meropenem | 0 | 13 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 13 | 0 | 7 | 6 | 0 |
Amikacin | 0 | 14 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 13 | 0 | 7 | 6 | 0 |
Gentamicin | 4 | 10 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 11 | 0 | 8 | 5 | 0 |
Ciprofloxacin | 10 | 4 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 11 | 0 | 8 | 5 | 0 |
Tigecycline | 0 | 14 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 13 | 0 | 7 | 5 | 1 |
Nitrofurantoin | 2 | 11 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 13 | 0 | 10 | 0 | 3 |
Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole | 9 | 5 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 7 | 6 | 0 | 8 | 5 | 0 |
Sample Number | Isolated bacteria | TEM variants including TEM-1 and TEM-2. | CTX-M group | R (resistant), S (sensitive), I (intermediate) | |||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CTX-1 | CTX-2 | CTX-9 | Amp (ampicillin), Am/Cla (amoxicillin/clavulanic acid), Pip/Taz (piperacillin/tazobactam), Cefo (cefoxitin), Cefta (ceftazidime), Cefe (cefepime), Imi (imipenem), Mer (meropenem), Amk (amikacin), Gen(gentamicin), Cip (ciprofloxacin), Tig (tigecycline), Nit (nitrofurantoin), Tri/Sul (trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole), | Am/Cla | Pip/Taz | Cefo | Cefta | Cefe | Imi | Mer | Amk | Gen | Cip | Tig | Nit | Tri/Suif | |||
1 | + | - | - | - | R | R | I | R | R | R | S | S | S | S | R | S | S | R | |
2 | + | + | - | - | R | R | I | R | R | R | S | S | S | S | R | S | I | R | |
3 | + | - | - | - | R | S | R | S | R | R | S | S | S | S | R | S | S | R | |
4 | + | - | - | - | R | I | R | S | R | R | S | S | S | S | R | S | S | S | |
5 | + | - | - | R | I | R | I | R | R | S | S | R | R | R | I | R | R | ||
6 | + | - | - | - | R | S | S | S | R | R | S | S | S | S | R | S | S | R | |
7 | + | - | - | - | R | I | S | I | R | R | S | S | S | R | R | S | I | R | |
8 | + | - | + | - | R | S | R | S | R | R | I | S | S | R | R | S | S | S | |
9 | + | + | - | - | R | S | S | S | R | R | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | |
10 | + | - | - | - | R | I | S | S | R | R | S | S | S | S | R | S | R | R | |
11 | + | - | - | - | R | R | R | S | R | R | S | S | S | S | R | S | S | R | |
12 | + | - | - | - | R | S | S | S | R | R | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | R | |
13 | + | - | - | - | R | S | S | I | R | R | S | S | S | R | S | S | S | R | |
14 | + | + | — | — | R | S | S | R | R | R | S | S | S | S | R | S | S | S | |
15 | + | - | - | - | R | S | S | I | R | R | S | S | S | R | S | S | S | R | |
16 | + | + | - | - | R | S | R | S | R | R | S | S | S | S | R | S | R | R | |
17 | + | - | - | - | R | I | R | S | R | R | S | S | S | S | R | S | R | S |
Primer name | Primer Sequence 5′–3′ | Position | Amplicon size |
---|---|---|---|
MultiTSO-T_forward | CATTTCCGTGTCGCCCTTATTC | 13–34 | 800 |
MultiTSO-T_reverse | CGTTCATCCATAGTTGCCTGAC | 812–791 | |
MultiCTXMGp1forward | TTAGGAARTGTGCCGCTGYA | 61–80 | 688 |
MultiCTXMGp1-2_reverse | CGATATCGTTGGTGGTRCCAT | 748–728 | |
MultiCTXMGp2_forward | CGTTAACGGCACGATGAC | 345–362 | 404 |
MultiCTXMGp1-2_reverse | CGATATCGTTGGTGGTRCCAT | 748–728 | |
MultiCTXMGp9_forward | TCAAGCCTGCCGATCTGGT | 299–317 | 561 |
CTXMGp9_reverse | TGATTCTCGCCGCTGAAG | 859–842 | |
OP-A1 | CAGGCCCTTC | ||
OP-A3 | AGTCAGCCAC | ||
OP-A4 | AATCGGGCTG | ||
OP-A5 | AGGGGTCTTG | ||
OP-A6 | GGTCCCTGAC | ||
OP-A7 | GAAACGGGTG | ||
OP-A8 | GTGACGTAGG | ||
OP-A9 | GGGTAACGCC | ||
OP-A10 | GTGATCGCAG | ||
OP-B7 | GGTGACGCAG | ||
OP-D5 | TGAGCGGACA |
Primers | Total Bands | No. of Monomorphic Bands | No. Polymorphic Bands | % Monomorphic bands | % Polymorphic bands |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
OPA-01 | 19 | 4 | 15 | 26.3 | 73.7 |
OPA-03 | 20 | 6 | 14 | 30.0 | 70.0 |
OPA-04 | 20 | 5 | 15 | 25.0 | 75.0 |
OPA-05 | 21 | 5 | 16 | 23.8 | 76.2 |
OPA-06 | 16 | 0 | 16 | 0.00 | 100 |
OPA-07 | 18 | 10 | 8 | 55.5 | 44.5 |
OPA-08 | 19 | 6 | 13 | 31.5 | 68.5 |
OPA-09 | 15 | 1 | 14 | 6.67 | 93.3 |
OPA-10 | 22 | 4 | 18 | 18.2 | 81.8 |
OPB-07 | 17 | 9 | 12 | 52.9 | 47.1 |
OPD- 05 | 20 | 15 | 5 | 75.0 | 25.0 |
Total | 207 | 65 | 142 |