Subclinical atherosclerosis in young Thai adults with juvenile-onset systemic lupus erythematosus
, , , and | Jan 31, 2017
About this article
Article Category: Brief communication (Original)
Published Online: Jan 31, 2017
Page range: 139 - 146
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5372/1905-7415.1002.475
Keywords
© 2016 Nalinee Pattrakornkul, Patamakom Pruangprasert, Prakul Chanthong, Ratana Chawanasuntorapoj, Anirut Pattaragarn
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.
Relationship between common carotid intima-media thickness and continuous variables evaluated by univariable regression
| Variables | B (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|
| Demographic features | ||
| Age at enrollment | 19.1 (5.3, 32.8) | 0.008 |
| Age at diagnosis of SLE | 19.7 (5.6, 21.9) | 0.08 |
| Duration of SLE | 8.1 (–5.6, 21.9) | 0.23 |
| Body mass index | 12.7 (–1.7, 27.0) | 0.08 |
| Metabolic equivalent of task | –57.4 (–117.1, 2.3) | 0.06 |
| Laboratory test | ||
| Hemoglobin | –34.7 (–71.3, 2.0) | 0.06 |
| White blood cells | –0.004 (–0.03, 0.02) | 0.72 |
| Lymphocyte | 0.005 (–0.06, 0.07) | 0.89 |
| Platelets | 0 (–0.001, 0.000) | 0.31 |
| Serum creatinine | 117.2 (–142.1, 376.6) | 0.36 |
| Plasma glucose | 4.0 (–3.7, 11.7) | 0.30 |
| Insulin | –0.49 (–8.7, 7.7) | 0.9 |
| Cholesterol | 0.67 (–0.7, 2.0) | 0.33 |
| Triglyceride | 0.27 (–0.3, 0.9) | 0.35 |
| Low density lipoprotein | 0.55 (–1.2, 2.3) | 0.52 |
| High density lipoprotein | 1.18 (–2.9, 5.3) | 0.56 |
| High-sensitivity C-reactive protein | 5.13 (–41.3, 51.5) | 0.82 |
| Erythrocyte sedimentation rate | 1.6 (–1.2, 4.4) | 0.25 |
| Anti-double-stranded DNA | 0.2 (–0.05, 0.4) | 0.11 |
| C3 | –1.3 (–3.5, 0.9) | 0.22 |
| Medication | ||
| Prednisolone, average dose | 0.02 (–9.9, 9.9 | 0.99 |
| Cyclophosphamide, cumulative dose | 0.02 (–0.02, 0.06) | 0.23 |
| Azathioprine, cumulative dose | 0 (–0.003, 0.001) | 0.51 |
Relationship between CCIMT and categorical variables evaluated by multivariable regression
| B (95% CI) | ||
|---|---|---|
| 1st model | ||
| Age at enrollment | 11.4 (–1.7, 24.5) | 0.09 |
| Age at diagnosis of SLE | 7.4 (–12.4, 27.2) | 0.44 |
| Overweight | 59.5 (–40.9, 159.9) | 0.23 |
| Metabolic equivalent of task | –10.7 (–69.3, 47.9) | 0.71 |
| Hemoglobin | –14.1 (–49.0, 20.9) | 0.41 |
| Persistent proteinuria | 89.0 (–23.2, 201.3) | 0.11 |
| Cyclosporin use | 153.4 (–37.4, 344.3) | 0.11 |
| Final model | ||
| Age at enrollment | 14.1 (2.1, 26.1) | 0.02 |
| Persistent proteinuria | 122.9 (24.1, 221.7) | 0.02 |
| Cyclosporin use | 198.7 (26.7, 370.8) | 0.03 |
Relationship between CCIMT and categorical variables evaluated by univariable regression
| Variables | B (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|
| Demographic features | ||
| Female sex | 56.2 (–96.3, 208.8) | 0.46 |
| Renal involvement | 100.4 (–86.6, 287.5) | 0.28 |
| Overweight | 104.3 (–8.4, 217.0) | 0.07 |
| Insulin resistance | –23.1(–218.4, 172.2) | 0.81 |
| Hypertension | 83.3 (–38.2, 204.8) | 0.17 |
| Dyslipidemia | 91.5 (–29.1, 212.1) | 0.13 |
| Impaired renal function | 132.6 (–27.9, 293.2) | 0.10 |
| Premature coronary heart in family | –90.2 (–278.1, 97.7) | 0.33 |
| Sedentary lifestyle | 172.6 (–46.9, 392.0) | 0.12 |
| Laboratory variables | ||
| Leukopenia | –20.5 (–156.4, 115.3) | 0.76 |
| Lymphopenia | –86.2 (–197.7, 25.2) | 0.12 |
| Lupus anticoagulant, positive | 2.53 (–127.8, 132.8) | 0.97 |
| Anti-cardiolipin, positive | –88.7 (–315.8, 138.5) | 0.43 |
| Persistent proteinuria | 156.9 (42.3, 271.6) | 0.009 |
| Medication | ||
| Cyclosporin use | 255.7 (49.3, 462.2) | 0.02 |
| Tacrolimus use | 114.7 (49.3, 462.2) | 0.31 |
Demographic and clinical characteristics of the 29 participants with systemic lupus erythematosus
| Characteristics | Mean ± SD or Number (%) | Range |
|---|---|---|
| Female sex | 24 (83) | |
| Age at enrollment (y) | 25.1 ± 3.8 | 18.3–31.9 |
| Age at diagnosis of SLE (y) | 13.8 ± 2.6 | 8–17.7 |
| Duration of SLE (y) | 11.3 ± 4.2 | 3.7–19.4 |
| History of renal involvement | 26 (89.6) | |
| Metabolic equivalent of task | 1.19 ± 0.93 | 0.1–3.9 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 22.4 ± 3.9 | 15.5–30.5 |
| Proteinuria, persistent, n = 28 | 8 (28.6) | |
| Impaired renal function | 4 (13.8) | |
| CCIMT (μm) | 690 ± 150 | 470–966 |
Difference in common carotid intima-media thickness according to classic risk factors for atherosclerosis
| Risk factors | Number | CCIMT (μm) median (min, max), | Mann-Whitney |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sedentary lifestyle | |||
| Yes | 27 | 665 (470, 966) | 0.08 |
| No | 2 | 529 (526, 533) | |
| Dyslipidemia | |||
| Yes | 20 | 728 (471, 966) | 0.15 |
| No | 9 | 598 (470, 871) | |
| Overweight | |||
| Yes | 11 | 796 (538, 966) | 0.08 |
| No | 18 | 616 (470, 890) | |
| Hypertension | |||
| Yes | 9 | 796 (471, 966) | 0.28 |
| No | 20 | 636 (470, 890) | |
| Insulin resistance (n = 26) | |||
| Yes | 3 | 635 (585, 796) | 0.93 |
| No | 23 | 663 (470, 966) | |
| Premature coronary heart disease in family | |||
| Yes | 3 | 555 (470, 803) | 0.31 |
| No | 26 | 664 (471, 966) |