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A high-MUFA diet alone does not affect ketone body metabolism, but reduces glycated hemoglobin when combined with exercise training in diabetic rats

Juraiporn Somboonwong
Juraiporn Somboonwong
, 
Khunkhong Huchaiyaphum
Khunkhong Huchaiyaphum
, 
Onanong Kulaputana
Onanong Kulaputana
 and 
Phisit Prapunwattana
Phisit Prapunwattana
   | Jan 31, 2017
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Article Category: Original article
Published Online: Jan 31, 2017
Page range: 31 - 40
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5372/1905-7415.0901.365
Keywords
© 2017 Juraiporn Somboonwong, Khunkhong Huchaiyaphum, Onanong Kulaputana, Phisit Prapunwattana
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Figure 1

Overall activity of hepatic ketone body synthesis pathway in diabetic rats after the 12 week intervention with high-MUFA diet and exercise trainingData are means ± SD, expressed per gram of liver. CON = sedentary rats fed regular diet (n = 7); SFA=sedentary rats fed high-SFA diet (n = 8); MUFA=sedentary rats fed high-MUFA diet (n = 8); EX=exercise-trained rats fed regular diet (n = 7); MUFA+EX=exercise-trained rats fed high-MUFA diet (n = 8); aP<0.05 vs. CON; bP<0.05 vs. SFA
Overall activity of hepatic ketone body synthesis pathway in diabetic rats after the 12 week intervention with high-MUFA diet and exercise trainingData are means ± SD, expressed per gram of liver. CON = sedentary rats fed regular diet (n = 7); SFA=sedentary rats fed high-SFA diet (n = 8); MUFA=sedentary rats fed high-MUFA diet (n = 8); EX=exercise-trained rats fed regular diet (n = 7); MUFA+EX=exercise-trained rats fed high-MUFA diet (n = 8); aP<0.05 vs. CON; bP<0.05 vs. SFA

Figure 2

Activity of 3-ketoacyl CoA-transferase as a marker of muscle ketone body utilization pathway in diabetic rats after the 12 week intervention with high-MUFA diet and exercise trainingData are means ± SD, expressed per gram of muscle. CON = sedentary rats fed regular diet (n = 7); SFA = sedentary rats fed high-SFA diet (n = 8); MUFA = sedentary rats fed high-MUFA diet (n = 8); EX = exercise-trained rats fed regular diet (n = 7); MUFA+EX = exercise-trained rats fed high-MUFA diet (n = 8); aP<0.05 vs. CON; bP<0.05 vs. SFA; cP<0.05 vs. MUFA
Activity of 3-ketoacyl CoA-transferase as a marker of muscle ketone body utilization pathway in diabetic rats after the 12 week intervention with high-MUFA diet and exercise trainingData are means ± SD, expressed per gram of muscle. CON = sedentary rats fed regular diet (n = 7); SFA = sedentary rats fed high-SFA diet (n = 8); MUFA = sedentary rats fed high-MUFA diet (n = 8); EX = exercise-trained rats fed regular diet (n = 7); MUFA+EX = exercise-trained rats fed high-MUFA diet (n = 8); aP<0.05 vs. CON; bP<0.05 vs. SFA; cP<0.05 vs. MUFA

Exercise training program conducted on a motorized treadmill

WeekDuration (min)% InclineSpeed (m/min)
110822
215823
320823
425823
525825
630825
735825
840825
940826
1045826
1150826
1250826

Physical and physiological characteristics of the diabetic rats after 12 week intervention with high-MUFA diet and exercise training

ParametersExperimental groups
CONSFAMUFAEXMUFA+EX
(n = 7)(n = 8)(n = 8)(n = 7)(n = 8)
Final body weight (g)311.9 ± 45.8389.3 ± 21.2

P <0.05 vs. CON

360.3 ± 76.1372.6 ± 50.4349.3 ± 48.1
Liver weight (g)14.8 ± 2.316.5 ± 1.714.6 ± 2.015.1 ± 2.014.5 ± 1.1
Gastrocnemius weight (g)1.4 ± 0.31.8 ± 0.3

P <0.05 vs. CON

1.6 ± 0.31.7 ± 0.31.7 ± 0.3
Muscle weight per body weight (mg/g)4.4 ± 0.34.7 ± 0.64.4 ± 0.24.6 ± 0.44.96 ± 0.4
Daily caloric intake (kcal)128.5 ± 22.3108.9 ± 15.6102.0 ± 10.3

P <0.05 vs. CON

137.6 ± 14.9

P <0.05 vs. SFA

,

P <0.05 vs. MUFA

100.8 ± 16.7

P <0.05 vs. CON

,

P <0.05 vs. EX

Blood biochemical characteristics of diabetic rats after 12 week intervention with high-MUFA diet and exercise training

ParametersExperimental groups
CONSFAMUFAEXMUFA+EX
(n = 7)(n = 8)(n = 8)(n = 7)(n = 8)
Glucose (mg/dL)428.4 ± 26.0390.5 ± 63.2334.8 ± 114.8366.8 ± 68.0325.6 ± 86.8
HbA1c (%)8.2 ± 0.97.2 ± 0.87.0 ± 0.97.6 ± 1.16.2 ± 1.1

P <0.05 vs. CON

Insulin (ng/mL)1.86 ± 0.171.93 ± 0.051.87 ± 0.171.67 ± 0.171.81 ± 0.26
NEFA (mmol/L)0.82 ± 0.160.83 ± 0.100.69 ± 0.150.53 ± 0.07

P <0.05 vs. CON

,

P <0.05 vs. SFA

0.52 ± 0.21

P <0.05 vs. CON

,

P <0.05 vs. SFA

β-Hydroxybutyrate (nmol/ìL)5.50 ± 3.163.50 ± 0.854.76 ± 4.682.90 ± 0.682.43 ± 0.82
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