<abstract xml:lang="en" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Honey bees defensin have a high level of polymorphism and exist as two peptides - defensin 1 and 2. Defensin 1 is synthesized in the salivary glands and is responsible for social immunity. Defensin 2 is synthesized by cells of the fat body and hemolymph is responsible for individual immunity. Defensins are inducible and controlled by the interaction of Toll and Imd signaling pathways and have a broad spectrum of antimicrobial action. The use of chitosan as an immunomodulator has been shown to lead to an increase in the expression levels of defensin and abaecin in the honey bee organism. Stimulation of the transcriptional activity of the defensin genes will allow for the control of a honey bee colony's immunity level, and reduce the using of antibiotics and other chemicals.</p></abstract>

Honey bees defensin have a high level of polymorphism and exist as two peptides - defensin 1 and 2. Defensin 1 is synthesized in the salivary glands and is responsible for social immunity. Defensin 2 is synthesized by cells of the fat body and hemolymph is responsible for individual immunity. Defensins are inducible and controlled by the interaction of Toll and Imd signaling pathways and have a broad spectrum of antimicrobial action. The use of chitosan as an immunomodulator has been shown to lead to an increase in the expression levels of defensin and abaecin in the honey bee organism. Stimulation of the transcriptional activity of the defensin genes will allow for the control of a honey bee colony's immunity level, and reduce the using of antibiotics and other chemicals.

Review of the Expression of Antimicrobial Peptide Defensin in Honey Bees <italic>Apis Mellifera</italic> L.

Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Science Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Oktyabrya, 71, Ufa, 450054, Bashkortostan Republic, Russia

Journal of Apicultural Science

Review of the Expression of Antimicrobial Peptide Defensin in Honey Bees  L.

Honey bees defensin have a high level of polymorphism and exist as two peptides - defensin 1 and 2. Defensin 1 is synthesized in the salivary glands and is...

Review of the Expression of Antimicrobial Peptide Defensin in Honey Bees Apis Mellifera L.

Published Online: Jun 19, 2012

Page range: 115 - 124

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/v10289-012-0013-y

Keywords
honey bee, defensin, evolution, immunity

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