Open Access

Biogas from Marine Macroalgae: a New Environmental Technology — Life Cycle Inventory for a Further LCA


Cite

Directive 2009/28/EC, on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources and amending and subsequently repealing Directives 2001/77/EC and 2003/30/EC http://eurlex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2009:140:0016:0062:en:PDFSearch in Google Scholar

Directive 2007/71/EC, on the promotion of electricity produced from renewable energy sources in the internal electricity market http://www.erec.org/fileadmin/erec_docs/Projcet_Documents/RES2020/LATVIA_RES_Policy_Review_09_Final.pdfSearch in Google Scholar

Council Directive 1999/31/EC of 26 April 1999 on the landfill of waste. http://eurex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:31999L0031:EN:NOTSearch in Google Scholar

Council Directive of 12 December 1991 concerning the protection of waters against pollution caused by nitrates from agricultural sources (91/676/EEC). http://ec.europa.eu/environment/water/water-nitrates/directiv.htmSearch in Google Scholar

FAO - Food and Agriculture Organization, 2008. The State of Food and Agriculture. Biofuels: prospects, risks and opportunities. Rome, Italy.Search in Google Scholar

Von Blottnitz H. A review of assessments conducted on bio-ethanol as a transportation fuel from a net energy, greenhouse gas, and environmental life-cycle perspective. Accepted for Publication in the Journal of Cleaner Production, March 1, 2006.10.1016/j.jclepro.2006.03.002Search in Google Scholar

Biowaste and algae knowledge for the production of 2nd generation biofuels (BioWALK4Biofuels). Annex I - "Description of Work". Grant agreement no.: 241383, April 2010, Rome. www.biowlak4biofuel.ueSearch in Google Scholar

Putt R. Algae as a Biodiesel Feedstock: A Feasibility Assessment. Center for Microfibrous Materials Manufacturing (CM3) - Department of Chemical Engineering. Auburn University, Alabama, USA, November 20, 2007.Search in Google Scholar

Walter M., Kondrad S., Buyer J. Treatment of dairy and swine manure effluents using freshwater algae: fatty acid content and composition of algal biomass at different manure loading rates. Journal of of Applied Phycology, 2008, N. 20, pp.1079-1085.10.1007/s10811-008-9314-8Search in Google Scholar

Nallathambi Gunaseelan V. Anaerobic digestion of biomass for methane production: A review. Biomass and Bioenergy, Vol. 13, Issues 1-2, 1997, pp. 83-114.10.1016/S0961-9534(97)00020-2Search in Google Scholar

De Mes T. Z. D., Stams A. J. M., Reith J. H., Zeeman G. Methane production by anaerobic digestion of wastewater and solid wastes. Biomethane & Bio-hydrogen. Edited by: J. H. Reith, R. H. Wijffels and H. Barten Dutch Biological Hydrogen Foundation, 2003.Search in Google Scholar

Reddy C. R. K., Gupta M. K., Mantri V. A., Jha B. Seaweed protoplasts: status, biotechnological perspectives and needs. Applied Phycology Journal, 2008, Vol. 20, N. 5, October, pp. 619-632.10.1007/s10811-007-9237-9Search in Google Scholar

Wenisch S., Monier E. Life Cycle Assessment of different of biogas from anaerobic fermentation of separately collected biodegradable waste in France. ADEME - French Agency for the Environment and Energy Management, 2007, France.Search in Google Scholar

Njakou Djomo S. PhD. Life Cycle Assessment of Biohydrogen production and applications for modeling the transition to hydrogen economy, PhD thesis, 2009, Riga, 149 p.Search in Google Scholar

Bidwell RGS, McLachlan J and Lloyd, NDH. Tank cultivation of Irish Moss, Chondrus crispus Stackh. Botanica Marina, 1985. N. 2828:, pp. 87-97.Search in Google Scholar

Courtesy of own data from National Environmental Research Institute, Aarhus University, 2010. Nordre Ringgade, 8000, AARHUS Denmark www.au.dkSearch in Google Scholar

Courtesy of own data from Ecoil srl, Roma, 2010, via Adolfo Ravà, 49, 00142 Roma www.ecoil.bizSearch in Google Scholar

Gordillo F. J. L., F., Xavier Niell F., Figueroa F. L. Non photosintetic enhancement of growth by high CO2 level in the nitrophilic seaweed Ulva rigida C. Agardh (Chlorophyta), Planta, 2001, N. 213, pp. 64-70.10.1007/s004250000468Search in Google Scholar

Hiraoka M., Oka N. Tank cultivation of Ulva prolifera in deep seawater using a new "germling cluster" method, Journal of Applied Phycology, 2008, N. 20, pp. 97-102.10.1007/s10811-007-9186-3Search in Google Scholar

The chemical composition of seawaterhttp://www.seafriends.org.nz/oceano/seawater.htm#gasesSearch in Google Scholar

Michalak I., Chojnacka K. Edible macroalga Ulva prolifera as microelemental feed supplement for livestock: the fundamental assumptions of the production method. World Journal of Microbiolology and Biotechnology, 2009, N. 25, pp. 997-1005.10.1007/s11274-009-9976-7Search in Google Scholar

Global emission model for integrated systems, LCA software and database version 4.5 (GEMIS 4.5) : diesel-DE-2005Search in Google Scholar

De Padua M., Fontoura P. S. G., and Mathias A. L. 2004. Chemical composition of Ulvaria oxysperma (Kützing) Bliding, Ulva lactuca (Linnaeus) and Ulva facisata (Delile). Brazilian archives of biology and technology 47:49-55.10.1590/S1516-89132004000100007Search in Google Scholar

Habig C., Debusk T. A., and Ryther J. H. 1984. The Effect of Nitrogen-Content on Methane Production by the Marine-Algae Gracilaria-Tikvahiae and Ulva Sp. Biomass 4:239-251.10.1016/0144-4565(84)90037-4Search in Google Scholar

Briand X. and Morand P. 1997. Anaerobic digestion of Ulva sp. 1. Relationship between Ulva composition and methanisation. Journal of Applied Phycology 9:511-524.Search in Google Scholar

Morand P., Briand X., and Charlier R. H. 2006. Anaerobic digestion of Ulva sp 3. liquefaction juices extraction by pressing and a technico-economic budget. Journal of Applied Phycology 18:741-755.Search in Google Scholar

Bruhn A., Dahl J., Jensen P. D., Nielsen H. B., Nikolaisen L. S., Rasmussen M. B., and Thomsen A. B. Biofuels from Ulva lactuca. In prep. for Bioresource TechnologySearch in Google Scholar

Habig C., Andrews D. A., and Ryther J. H. 1984. Nitrogen Recycling and Methane Production Using Gracilaria-Tikvahiae - A Closed System Approach. Resources and Conservation 10:303-313.10.1016/0166-3097(84)90023-3Search in Google Scholar

Courtesy of own data from Power Ventures, Milano, 2010, Via Tamburini, 6, 20123 Milano www.powerventures.itSearch in Google Scholar

Department of soil science of North Carolina university. Poultry Manure as a Fertilizer Source, North Carolina Cooperative Extension Service Publication AG-439-5. Last Web Update: December 1997 http://www.soil.ncsu.edu/publications/Soilfacts/AG-439-05/Search in Google Scholar

John Gelegenisa, Dimitris Georgakakisb, Irini Angelidakic, Vassilis Mavrisa, Optimization of biogas production by co-digesting whey with diluted poultry manure, Renewable Energy 32, 2007, pp 2147-2160.10.1016/j.renene.2006.11.015Search in Google Scholar

Kaparaju P., Ellegaard L., Angelidaki I., Optimisation of biogas production from manure through serial digestion: Lab-scale and pilot-scale studies, Bioresource Technology N. 100, 2009, pp. 701-709.10.1016/j.biortech.2008.07.02318757195Search in Google Scholar

Hamed M. El-Mashad, Ruihong Zhang, Biogas production from codigestion of dairy manure and food waste, Bioresource Technology N. 101, 2010, pp. 4021-4028.10.1016/j.biortech.2010.01.02720137909Search in Google Scholar

Xiao Wua, Wanying Yao b, Jun Zhu, Curtis Miller, Biogas and CH4 productivity by co-digesting swine manure with three crop residues as an external carbon source, Bioresource Technology, N. 101, 2010, pp. 4042-4047.10.1016/j.biortech.2010.01.05220138757Search in Google Scholar

Global emission model for integrated systems, LCA software and database version 4.5 (GEMIS 4.5): biogas generic.Search in Google Scholar

Latvian Environment, Geology and Meteorology Centre http://www.meteo.lv/public/hidrometeo_dati.htmlSearch in Google Scholar

United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change http://unfccc.int/2860.phpSearch in Google Scholar

ISSN:
1691-5208
Language:
English
Publication timeframe:
2 times per year
Journal Subjects:
Life Sciences, other