Variation in seed morphology in the genus Erica L. (Ericaceae)

Alm C. G. & Fries T. C. E. 1927. Monographie der Gattungen Philippia Klotzsch, Mitrastylus nov. gen. und Ericinella Klotzsch. Kungliga Svenska vetenska-psakademiens handlingar, ser. 3, 4(4): 1-49.Search in Google Scholar

Artopoeus A. 1903. Über den Bau und Öffnungsweise der Antheren und die Entvicklung der Samen der Ericaceen. Flora 92: 309-379.Search in Google Scholar

Baker H. A. & Oliver E. G. H. 1967. Ericas in southern Africa. LXVI+180 pp. Purnell, Cape Town, Johannesburg.Search in Google Scholar

Bayer E. 1993. Erica. In: S. Castrovieyo, C. Aedo, C. Gómez Campo, M. Laínz, P. Montserrat, R. Morales, F. Muńoz Garmendia, G. Nieto Feliner, E. Rico, S. Talavera & L. Villar (eds.). Flora Iberica, 4, 485-506 pp. Real Jardín Botánico C. S. I. C. Madrid.Search in Google Scholar

Barthlott W. 1981. Epidermal and seed surface characters of plants: systematic applicability and some evolutionary aspects. Nordic Journal of Botany 1(3): 345-355.10.1111/j.1756-1051.1981.tb00704.xSearch in Google Scholar

Barthlott W. & Ehler N. 1977. Raster-Elektronen-mikroskopie der epidermis-Oberflächen von Spermatophyten. Trop. Subtrop. Pflanzenwelt. Akad. Wiss. Lit. Mainz 30: 1-113.Search in Google Scholar

Barthlott W. & Voit G. 1979. Mikromorphologie der Samenschalen und Taxonomie der Cactaceae: Ein raster-elektronenmikroskopischer Uberblick. Plant Systematic and Evolution 132: 205-229.10.1007/BF00990466Search in Google Scholar

Barthlott W. & Ziegler B. 1981. Mikromorphologie der Samenschalen als systematisches Merkmal bei Orchideen. Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Ges. 94.Search in Google Scholar

Beijerinck W. 1940. Calluna. A monograph on the Scotch heather. Verhandelingen der Koninklijke Nederlandsche Akademie van Wetenschappen, Afdeeling Natuurkunde. (Tweede Sectie), 38(4): 1-180.Search in Google Scholar

Bentham G. 1839. Ericaceae. In: A. P. De Candolle, Prodromus systematis naturalis regni vegetabilis 7: 580-733. Treutel & Weiss, Paris.Search in Google Scholar

Bertsch K. 1941. Früchte und Samen. Verlag Ferdinand Enke, Stuttgart.Search in Google Scholar

Corner E. J. H. 1976. The seeds of dicotyledones. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2 vols.Search in Google Scholar

Don D. 1834. An attempt an a new arrangement of the Ericaceae. Edinburgh New Philosophical Journal 17: 150-160.Search in Google Scholar

Dulfer H. 1965. Revision der südafrikanischen Arten der Gattung Erica L. Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums, Wien 68: 25-177.Search in Google Scholar

Fagúndez J. & Izco J. 2003a. Seed morphology of Erica L. sect. Chlorocodon Bentham. Acta Botanica Gallica 150(4): 401-410.10.1080/12538078.2003.10516008Search in Google Scholar

Fagúndez J. & Izco J. 2003b. Seed morphology of Erica L. sect. Callicodon Bentham. Taxonomic implications. Plant Biosystems 138(3): 207-213.10.1080/11263500400021059Search in Google Scholar

Fagúndez J. & Izco J. 2004a. Taxonomic value of seed characters in the Erica tetralix L. group (Ericaceae). Plant Biosystems 137(1): 111-116.10.1080/11263500312331351371Search in Google Scholar

Fagúndez J. & Izco J. 2004b. Seed morphology of Erica L. sect. Tylospora Salisb. Ex I. Hansen. Israel Journal of Plant Sciences 52: 341-346.10.1560/WWNL-TQ7X-PDVM-E6KMSearch in Google Scholar

Fagúndez J. & Izco J. 2004c. Seed morphology of Daboecia (Ericaceae). Belgian Journal of Botany 137(2): 188-192.Search in Google Scholar

Fraga M. I. 1984. Valor taxonómicode la morfologia de las semillas en las especies del genero Erica presentes en el NO de Espańa. Acta Botanica Malacitana 9: 147-152.10.24310/Actabotanicaabmabm.v9i.9637Search in Google Scholar

Gleisberg W. 1922. Vergleichende Blüten- und Fruchtanatomie der Vaccinium oxycoccus-Typen. Berichte der Deutschen Botanischen Gesellschaft 40: 202-212.Search in Google Scholar

Guthrie F. & Bolus H. 1905. Erica. In: W. T. Thistleton-Dyer (ed.). Flora Capensis 4: 4-315.Search in Google Scholar

Hansen I. 1950. Die europäischen Arten der Gattung Erica L. Botanische Jahrbücher 75: 1-81.Search in Google Scholar

Huckerby E., Marchant R. & Oldfield F. 1972. Identification of fossil seeds of Erica and Calluna by scanning electron microscopy. New Phytologist 71: 387-392.10.1111/j.1469-8137.1972.tb04085.xSearch in Google Scholar

Klotzsch J. F. 1838. Ericearum genera et species. Linnaea 12: 211-247.Search in Google Scholar

Kuźniewska E. 1980. Badania morfologii nasion skalnic przeprowadzone na elektronowym mikroskopie skaningowym. Opolskie Tow. Przyjaciół Nauk, Zeszyty Przyrodnicze 19: 19-45.Search in Google Scholar

Linnaeus C. 1753. Species Plantarum. 1200 pp. Stockholm.Search in Google Scholar

McGuire A. F. & Kron K. A. 2005. Phylogenetic relationships of European and African Ericas. International Journal of plant sciences 166(2): 311-318.10.1086/427478Search in Google Scholar

McClintock D. 1989. The heather of Europe and adjacent areas. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 101: 279-289.10.1111/j.1095-8339.1989.tb00162.xSearch in Google Scholar

Minuto L., Fior S., Roccotiello E. & Casazza G. 2006. Seed morphology in Moehringia L. and its taxonomic significance in comparative studies within the Caryophyllaceae. Plant Systematics and Evolution 262: 189-208.10.1007/s00606-006-0458-1Search in Google Scholar

Netolitzky F. 1926. Anatomie der Angiospermen Samen. In: K. Linsbauer (ed.). Handbuch der Pflanzenanatomie. Abt. II, T. 2, Bd. X, Berlin.Search in Google Scholar

Niedenzu F. 1890. Über der anatomischen Bau der Labblätter der Arbutoideae und Vaccinioideae in Beziechung zu ihrer systematische Gruppierung und geographischen Verbreitung. Botanische Jahrbücher 11: 134-263.Search in Google Scholar

Oh I.-C., Anderberg A.-L., Schonenberger J. & Anderberg A. A. 2008. Comparative seed morphology and charakter evolution in the genus Lysimachia (Myrsinaceae) and related taxa. Plant Systematics and Evolution 271: 177-197.10.1007/s00606-007-0625-zSearch in Google Scholar

Oliver E. G. H. 1967. Three new species of Erica. Journal of South African Botany 33(3): 197-204Search in Google Scholar

Oliver E. G. H. 1976. Studies in the Ericoideae. I. The genera Eremia and Eremiella. Bothalia 12(1): 29-48.10.4102/abc.v12i1.1369Search in Google Scholar

Oliver E. G. H. 1980. Studies in the Ericoideae. III. The genus Grisebachia. Bothalia 13(1-2): 65-93.10.4102/abc.v13i1/2.1292Search in Google Scholar

Oliver E. G. H. 1984. Studies in the Ericoideae. IV. New species and some taxonomic and nomenclatural changes in the Cape Flora Region. S.-Afr. Tydskr. Plantk. 3(5): 267-284.Search in Google Scholar

Oliver E. G. H. 1985. A new species of Philippia, from the Drakensberg. Bothalia 15(3-4): 550-551.Search in Google Scholar

Oliver E. G. H. 1986. A new species of Ericinella from the Southern Drakensberg. Bothalia 16(1): 46-48.Search in Google Scholar

Oliver E. G. H. 1987a. Studies in the Ericoideae (Ericaceae). V. The genus Coilostigma. Bothalia 17(2): 163-170.10.4102/abc.v17i2.1025Search in Google Scholar

Oliver E. G. H. 1987b. Studies in the Ericoideae (Ericaceae). VII. The placing of the genus Philippia into synonymy under Erica; the southern African species. South African Journal of Botany 53(6): 455-458.10.1016/S0254-6299(16)31379-5Search in Google Scholar

Oliver E. G. H. 1988. Studies in the Ericoideae (Ericaceae). VI. The generic relationshipbetween Erica and Philippia in southern Africa. Bothalia 18(1): 1-10.10.4102/abc.v18i1.975Search in Google Scholar

Oliver E. G. H. 1990. New species of Erica (Ericaceae) from the Cape Province. Bothalia20(1): 41-48.10.4102/abc.v20i1.892Search in Google Scholar

Oliver E. G. H. 1991. The Ericoideae (Ericaceae) - a review. In: H. P. Linder & A. V. Hall (eds.). Systematics, biology and evolution of some South African taxa. Contributions from the Bolus Herbarium 13: 158-208.Search in Google Scholar

Oliver E. G. H. 1992. Studies in the Ericoideae (Ericaceae). VIII. New combinations for Philippia are made in Erica for the Flora Zambesiaca Region. Kew Bulletin 47(4): 665-668.10.2307/4110704Search in Google Scholar

Oliver E. G. H. 1993a. Studies in the Ericoideae (Ericaceae). XII. The placing of the genus Blaeria into synonymy under Erica; nomenclatural and taxonomic changes for the southern African region. Bothalia 23(1): 1-7.10.4102/abc.v23i1.779Search in Google Scholar

Oliver E. G. H. 1993b. Studies in the Ericoideae (Ericaceae). XIII. Three new species of Erica from the southwestern Cape. Bothalia 23(1): 9-14.10.4102/abc.v23i1.780Search in Google Scholar

Oliver E. G. H. 1994. Studies in the Ericoideae (Ericaceae). XV. The generic relationship between Erica and Ericinella. Bothalia 24(2): 121-126.10.4102/abc.v24i2.761Search in Google Scholar

Oliver E. G. H. 2000. Systematics of Ericeae (Ericaceae: Ericoideae): species with indehiscent and partially dehiscent fruits. Contributions from the Bolus Herbarium 19: 1-483.Search in Google Scholar

Oliver E. G. H. & Oliver I. M. 1991. Studies in the Ericoideae (Ericaceae). VIII. New species of Erica, section Pseuderemia, from southern Africa. Bothalia 21(2): 137-142.10.4102/abc.v21i2.873Search in Google Scholar

Oliver E. G. H. & Oliver I. M. 1995a. Studies in the Ericoideae (Ericaceae). XVI. Six new species of Erica from the Western Cape, South Africa. Bothalia 25(1): 87-95.Search in Google Scholar

Oliver E. G. H. & Oliver I. M. 1995b. Studies in the Ericaceae (Ericoideae). XVIII. Two new species of Erica from the southern part of South Africa. Feddes Repertorium 106(5-8): 347-352.10.1002/fedr.19961060505Search in Google Scholar

Oliver E. G. H. & Oliver I. M. 1996a. Studies in the Ericaceae (Ericoideae). XIX. Two new species of Erica from southern Africa. Feddes Repertorium 107(5-6): 305-310.10.1002/fedr.19961070506Search in Google Scholar

Oliver E. G. H. & Oliver I. M. 1996b. Studies in the Ericaceae (Ericoideae). XX. A rare new species of Erica from South Africa. Yearbook of the Heather Society 1996: 1-5.10.1002/fedr.19961070506Search in Google Scholar

Oliver E. G. H. & Oliver I. M. 1997. A new species of Erica from the Western Cape. Bothalia 27(2): 142-144.Search in Google Scholar

Oliver E. G. H. & Oliver I. M. 1999a. Two new species of Erica from Western Cape, South Africa. Bothalia 29(1): 95-98.Search in Google Scholar

Oliver E. G. H. & Oliver I. M. 1999b. Three new species of Erica from Western Cape, South Africa. Bothalia 29(1): 112-117.Search in Google Scholar

Oliver E. G. H. & Oliver I. M. 1999c. Erica hanekomii, a new prostrate species from the Western Cape, South Africa. Yearbook of the Heather Society 1999: 36-42.Search in Google Scholar

Oliver E. G. H. & Oliver I. M. 2000a. Erica kirstenii, a new rock-loving species from South Africa. Yearbook of the Heather Society 2000: 57-62.Search in Google Scholar

Oliver E. G. H. & Oliver I. M. 2000b. Erica ignita, a showy new species from South Africa. Yearbook of the Heather Society 2000: 63-68.Search in Google Scholar

Oliver E. G. H. & Oliver I. M. 2000c. Two new species of Erica from Western Cape, South Africa. Bothalia 30(1): 49-53.Search in Google Scholar

Oliver E. G. H. & Oliver I. M. 2000d. Three new species of Erica (Ericaceae) from Western Cape, South Africa. Bothalia 30(2): 147-153.Search in Google Scholar

Oliver E. G. H. & Oliver I. M. 2001a. Four new species of Erica (Ericaceae) from Western Cape, South Africa. Bothalia 31(1): 1-8.Search in Google Scholar

Oliver E. G. H. & Oliver I. M. 2001b. Five new species of Erica (Ericaceae) from the Swartberg Range, Western Cape, South Africa and a note on E. esterhuyseniae. Bothalia 31(2): 155-165.Search in Google Scholar

Oliver E. G. H. & Oliver I. M. 2002a. The genus Erica (Ericaceae) in southern Africa: taxonomic notes 1. Bothalia 32(1): 37-61.10.4102/abc.v32i1.461Search in Google Scholar

Oliver E. G. H. & Oliver I. M. 2002b. Six new species and one new subspecies of Erica (Ericaceae) from Western Cape, South Africa. Bothalia 32(2): 167-180.Search in Google Scholar

Oliver E. G. H. & Oliver I. M. 2002c. A new rock-loving species of Erica from the eastern Swartberg, South Africa. Yearbook of the Heather Society 2002: 31-36.Search in Google Scholar

Oliver E. G. H. & Oliver I. M. 2004. Two new species of Erica (Ericaceae); one from Western Cape and one from KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Bothalia 34(1): 11-15.10.4102/abc.v34i1.400Search in Google Scholar

Oliver E. G. H. & Oliver I. M. 2005 The genus Erica (Ericaceae) in southern Africa: taxonomic notes 2. Bothalia 35(2): 121-148.10.4102/abc.v35i2.388Search in Google Scholar

Oliver E. G. H., Oliver I. M. & Volk F. W. 1997. Studies in the Ericaceae (Ericoideae), XXI. Erica oakesiorum, a new tree species from South Africa. Yearbook of the Heather Society 1997: 13-18.Search in Google Scholar

Oliver I. M. & Oliver E. G. H. 2000. Ericas of the Cape Peninsula. Protea Atlas Project NBI, Cape Town.Search in Google Scholar

Peltrisot M. C.-N. 1904a. Developpement et structure de la graine chez les Ericacees. Journal de botanique 18: 309-367.Search in Google Scholar

Peltrisot M. C.-N. 1904b. Developpement et structure de la graine chez les Ericacees. Journal de botanique 18: 386-402.Search in Google Scholar

Phillips E. P. 1951. The Genera of South African Flowering Plants. 2^nd edn, pp. 558-562. Division of Botany and Plant Pathology, Pretoria.Search in Google Scholar

Salisbury R. A. 1802. Species of Erica. Transactions of the Linnean Socjety 6: 316-388.10.1111/j.1096-3642.1802.tb00489.xSearch in Google Scholar

Salter T. M. 1950. Erica. In: Adamson R. & Salter T. M. (eds.). Flora of the Cape Peninsula, pp. 626-662. Juta, Cape Town.Search in Google Scholar

Schumann D. & Kirsten G. 1992. Ericas of South Africa. 272 pp. Fernwood Press. Vlaeberg.Search in Google Scholar

Stevens P. F. 1971. A classification of the Ericaceae: subfamilies and tribes. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 64: 1-53.10.1111/j.1095-8339.1971.tb02133.xSearch in Google Scholar

Stevens P. F., Luteyn J., Oliver E. G. H., Bell T. L., Brown E. A., Crowden R. K., George A. S., Jordan G. J., Ladd P., Lemson K., McLean C. B., Menadue Y., Pate J. S., Stace H. M. & Weiller C. M. 2004. Ericaceae. In: K. Kubitzki (ed.). The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants, 6, pp. 145-194. Springer-Verlag, Berlin-Heidelberg-New York.10.1007/978-3-662-07257-8_19Search in Google Scholar

Szkudlarz P. 2001. Morphological and anatomical structure of seeds in the family Ericaceae. Biological Bulletin of Poznań 38(2): 113-132.Search in Google Scholar

Szkudlarz P. 2006. Taxonomy of South African ericas (Erica L.) and differentiation of their seeds. Biodiv. Res. Conserv. 1-2: 25-30.Search in Google Scholar

Szkudlarz P. 2008. Some notes on the morphology and anatomy of seeds of two similar heathers, Erica carnea and E. erigena. Dendrobiology 59: 51-55.Search in Google Scholar

Takhtajan Ł. A. 1992. Ericaceae. Sravnitielnaya anatomiya syemyan 4: 25-35. Saint Petersburg.Search in Google Scholar

Thunberg C. P. 1785. Dissertatio Botanica de Erica. 62 pp. Uppsala.10.5962/bhl.title.3677Search in Google Scholar

Turner R. C. & Oliver E. G. H. 2006. Two new species of Erica (Ericaceae) from the Langeberg, Western Cape, South Africa. Bothalia 36(1): 33-37.10.4102/abc.v36i1.329Search in Google Scholar

Ward J. H. 1963. Hierarchical grouping to optimize an objective function. Journal of American Statistical Association 58(301): 236-244.10.1080/01621459.1963.10500845Search in Google Scholar

Webb D. A. & Rix E. M. 1972. Erica. In: T. G. Tutin & V. H. Heywood (eds.). Flora Europaea, 3, 5-8. pp. Cambridge Univ. Press. Cambridge.Search in Google Scholar

Winton A. L. 1902. Beiträge zur Anatomie des Beerenobestes. Zeitschrift für Untersuchung der Nachrungsund Genussmittel 5: 785-814.10.1007/BF02509727Search in Google Scholar