<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p><italic>Cleistocalyx nervosum </italic>var. <italic>paniala</italic>, an edible fruit found in Northern Thailand, contains high amounts of phenolic compounds with <italic>in</italic><italic>vitro </italic>antioxidant activity. The aqueous extract of the ripe fruit was evaluated for its safety and beneficial effects using genotoxicity and toxicity tests. The <italic>C. nervosum </italic>extract was not only non-mutagenic in <italic>Salmonella typhimurium </italic>strains TA98 and TA100 in the presence and absence of metabolic activation, but exhibited also moderate antimutagenic effects against aflatoxin B1 and 2-amino- 3,4-dimethylimidazo[4,5-<italic>f </italic>]quinoline-induced mutagenesis. Electrospray ionization-mass spectrometric analysis revealed the major anthocyanins, which included cyanidin-3,5-diglucoside, cyanidin-3-glucoside and cyanidin-5-glucoside. The administration of <italic>C.</italic><italic>nervosum </italic>at concentration of 5,000 mg/kg bw did not induce acute toxicity in rats. A liver micronucleus test was performed to detect clastogenicity and anticlastogenicity. The extract in the dose of 1,000 mg/kg did not cause micronucleus formation in the liver of rats. Furthermore, in rats administered 100-1,000 mg/kg of the extract, no anticlastogenic effect against diethylnitrosamine-induced hepatic micronucleus formation was observed. These studies provide data concerning the safety and antimutagenic potency of an aqueous extract of <italic>C. nervosum </italic>fruit.</p></abstract>

Cleistocalyx nervosum var. paniala, an edible fruit found in Northern Thailand, contains high amounts of phenolic compounds with invitro antioxidant activity. The aqueous extract of the ripe fruit was evaluated for its safety and beneficial effects using genotoxicity and toxicity tests. The C. nervosum extract was not only non-mutagenic in Salmonella typhimurium strains TA98 and TA100 in the presence and absence of metabolic activation, but exhibited also moderate antimutagenic effects against aflatoxin B1 and 2-amino- 3,4-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f ]quinoline-induced mutagenesis. Electrospray ionization-mass spectrometric analysis revealed the major anthocyanins, which included cyanidin-3,5-diglucoside, cyanidin-3-glucoside and cyanidin-5-glucoside. The administration of C.nervosum at concentration of 5,000 mg/kg bw did not induce acute toxicity in rats. A liver micronucleus test was performed to detect clastogenicity and anticlastogenicity. The extract in the dose of 1,000 mg/kg did not cause micronucleus formation in the liver of rats. Furthermore, in rats administered 100-1,000 mg/kg of the extract, no anticlastogenic effect against diethylnitrosamine-induced hepatic micronucleus formation was observed. These studies provide data concerning the safety and antimutagenic potency of an aqueous extract of C. nervosum fruit.

Assessment of genotoxicity and antigenotoxicity of an aqueous extract of Cleistocalyx nervosum var. paniala in in vitro and in vivo models

Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand

Department of Biochemistry, School of Medical Science, University of Phayao, Phayao, Thailand

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand

Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand, TEL.: +66 53 945225, FAX +66 53 894031

Interdisciplinary Toxicology

Cleistocalyx nervosum var. paniala, an edible fruit found in Northern Thailand, contains high amounts of phenolic compounds with invitro antioxidant activity....

Assessment of genotoxicity and antigenotoxicity of an aqueous extract of Cleistocalyx nervosum var. paniala in in vitro and in vivo models

Published Online: Mar 09, 2013

Page range: 201 - 206

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/v10102-012-0033-2

This content is open access.