<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>The stress response to surgery has two main systemic effects in an organism: neuroendocrine and haemato-immunological. Neuroendocrine effects are induced by changes in the hypothalamic- pituitary-adrenal axis and the sympathetic-adrenal-medullary axis. Haematoimmunological effects are characterised by cytokine production, acute phase reaction and lymphocyte and neutrophil proliferation. All of these responses interact closely. Prolongation of the stress response can increase morbidity and worsen postoperative outcome. Surgical stress can be affected by preoperative, perioperative and postoperative factors. In this paper, we review the main neuroendocrine and haemato-immunological changes related to stress and discuss different possible approaches to minimise the stress response to surgery</p></abstract>

The stress response to surgery has two main systemic effects in an organism: neuroendocrine and haemato-immunological. Neuroendocrine effects are induced by changes in the hypothalamic- pituitary-adrenal axis and the sympathetic-adrenal-medullary axis. Haematoimmunological effects are characterised by cytokine production, acute phase reaction and lymphocyte and neutrophil proliferation. All of these responses interact closely. Prolongation of the stress response can increase morbidity and worsen postoperative outcome. Surgical stress can be affected by preoperative, perioperative and postoperative factors. In this paper, we review the main neuroendocrine and haemato-immunological changes related to stress and discuss different possible approaches to minimise the stress response to surgery

Stress Response to Surgery and Possible Ways of Its Correction

Surgery Department, University of Latvia, Šarlotes iela 1a, Riga, LV-1001, LATVIA

Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences.

{"article-title":"Stress Response to Surgery and Possible Ways of Its Correction"}

The stress response to surgery has two main systemic effects in an organism: neuroendocrine and haemato-immunological. Neuroendocrine effects are induced by...

Stress Response to Surgery and Possible Ways of Its Correction

Published Online: May 01, 2013

Page range: 225 - 233

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/v10046-012-0014-z

This content is open access.