The Prothrombin Factor II G20210A Mutation with Pulmonary Thromboembolism and a Normal Level of Fibrin Degradation Products

Diagnosis of pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) usually includes clinical pretest probability assessment, testing for specific degradation products of cross-linked fibrin (D-dimer) and imaging studies. Patients with radiological findings attributable to pulmonary infarction and normal D-dimer level, may present a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. A 37-year-old Caucasian female had episodes of hemoptysis, and bilateral pulmonary nodular infiltrates on chest radiograph and computerized tomography. The plasma D-dimer level was normal, perfusion lung scan was not conclusive and histological examination of an open lung biopsy revealed recent thrombotic pulmonary infarction. She deteriorated and more perfusion defects were detected on perfusion lung scan. Genetic analysis revealed her to be a carrier of the prothrombin factor II (FII) G20210A mutation.