<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><sec id="j_sjph-2019-0007_s_006_w2aab3b7b1b1b6b1aab1c18b1Aa"><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Multiple sclerosis (MS) results in a wide range of disabilities. The effects of cognitive and motor dysfunctions are significant and affect level of functioning in people with MS.</p></sec><sec id="j_sjph-2019-0007_s_007_w2aab3b7b1b1b6b1aab1c18b2Aa"><h3>Objective</h3><p>The aim of the research was to determine the common contribution of neurological, motor and cognitive status to the overall functioning of MS patients.</p></sec><sec id="j_sjph-2019-0007_s_008_w2aab3b7b1b1b6b1aab1c18b3Aa"><h3>Method</h3><p>The sample consisted of 108 subjects with RRMS. The instruments used in the research included: The General Questionnaire, the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule, the Audio Recorded Cognitive Screen, Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test, the Nine Hole Peg Test, the 25 Foot Walk Test, and the Expanded Disability Status Scale.</p></sec><sec id="j_sjph-2019-0007_s_009_w2aab3b7b1b1b6b1aab1c18b4Aa"><h3>Results</h3><p>Subjects with a mild neurological deficit had a higher level of current functioning in all domains (a lower WHODAS 2.0 score) than subjects with a moderate neurological deficit (r=0.43, p&lt;0.001). We found a positive correlation between the level of cognitive impairment and motor deficits of both upper and lower extremities and the level of neurological deficit (p&lt;0.001). Subjects with lower neurological deficits had significantly lower WHODAS 2.0. scores, i.e. better motor abilities of both upper and lower extremities than subjects with moderate neurological deficits (p&lt;0.001). The greatest contribution to explaining the overall level of current functioning of people with MS had subjects’ age, cognitive abilities and motor abilities of the upper extremities.</p></sec><sec id="j_sjph-2019-0007_s_010_w2aab3b7b1b1b6b1aab1c18b5Aa"><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Inverse relationship of neurological, motor and cognitive status affects the overall daily functioning of people with MS, requiring planning of comprehensive programs in the rehabilitation of people with MS.</p></sec></abstract>

IntroductionMultiple sclerosis (MS) results in a wide range of disabilities. The effects of cognitive and motor dysfunctions are significant and affect level of functioning in people with MS.ObjectiveThe aim of the research was to determine the common contribution of neurological, motor and cognitive status to the overall functioning of MS patients.MethodThe sample consisted of 108 subjects with RRMS. The instruments used in the research included: The General Questionnaire, the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule, the Audio Recorded Cognitive Screen, Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test, the Nine Hole Peg Test, the 25 Foot Walk Test, and the Expanded Disability Status Scale.ResultsSubjects with a mild neurological deficit had a higher level of current functioning in all domains (a lower WHODAS 2.0 score) than subjects with a moderate neurological deficit (r=0.43, p<0.001). We found a positive correlation between the level of cognitive impairment and motor deficits of both upper and lower extremities and the level of neurological deficit (p<0.001). Subjects with lower neurological deficits had significantly lower WHODAS 2.0. scores, i.e. better motor abilities of both upper and lower extremities than subjects with moderate neurological deficits (p<0.001). The greatest contribution to explaining the overall level of current functioning of people with MS had subjects’ age, cognitive abilities and motor abilities of the upper extremities.ConclusionInverse relationship of neurological, motor and cognitive status affects the overall daily functioning of people with MS, requiring planning of comprehensive programs in the rehabilitation of people with MS.

Influence of cognitive and motor abilities on the level of current functioning in people with multiple sclerosis

Slovenian Journal of Public Health

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Vpliv kognitivnih in motoričnih sposobnosti na stopnji trenutnega delovanja pri osebah z multiplo sklerozo

IntroductionMultiple sclerosis (MS) results in a wide range of disabilities. The effects of cognitive and motor dysfunctions are significant and affect level...

Characteristic	N	Max	Mean	SD	Skewness	Kurtosis
Cognition	108	100.00	23.90	24.27	0.97	0.02
Mobility	108	100.00	26.45	23.14	0.74	0.03
Self-care	108	75.00	9.25	16.17	2.16	4.37
Getting along	108	75.00	16,03	20.07	1.40	1.11
Life activities – domestic responsibilities	108	100.00	25.99	23.71	0.83	0.39
Life activities – leisure, work and school	84	68.75	13.20	12.16	1.64	4.68
Life activities	108	81.25	22.12	18.44	0.90	0.56
Participation	108	84.38	28.12	19.46	0.78	0.17
WHODAS 2.0 score	108	65.97	21.19	15.40	0.81	0.04

WHODAS 2.0	ARCS score	9 HPT	25 FWT
Cognition	-0.31**	0.31**	0.27**
Mobility	-0.34**	0.56**	0.51**
Self-care	-0.28**	0.43**	0.30**
Getting along	-0.25**	0.34**	0.32**
Life activities	-0.24*	0.43**	0.32**
Life activities – domestic responsibilities	-0.29**	0.51**	0.36**
Life activities – leisure, work and school	-0.03	0.00	-0.00
Participation	-0.23*	0.35**	0.38**
WHODAS 2.0 score	-0.34**	0.48**	0.42**

Model	R	R²	F	p	beta	p	95% CI
Step 1.	0.35	0.12	2.82	0.03
AGE					0.24	0.03	0.51;2.66
Step 2.	0.51	0.26	5.40	0.00
PASAT					-0.39	0.00	-23.94;-6.13
Step 3.	0.56	0.32	6.05	0.00
PASAT					-0.32	0.00	-21.02;-3.56
ARCS					-0.26	0.00	-21.41;-4.70
Step 4.	0.57	0.32	5.23	0.00
PASAT					-0.32	0.00	-19.74;2.77
ARCS					-0.25	0.01	-18.67;-2.06
Step 5.	0.65	0.43	7.09	0.00
PASAT					-0.29	0.00	-18.09;-1.80
9HPT					0.40	0.00	-26.89;-6.59
Step 6.	0.66	0.43	6.25	0.00
PASAT					-0.29	0.00	-17.90;-1.62
9HPT					0.39	0.00	-25.38;-3.88

		Frequency	%
Gender	Male	38	35.2
	Female	70	64.8
Living	With parents	19	21.8
arrangement	With relatives	1	1.1
	Alone	8	9.2
	With a partner	11	12.6
	With partner and child/ren	46	52.9
	Alone with child/ren	2	2.3
Other’s support	No	78	72.2
	Yes	30	27.8
Residence	Urban	70	64.8
	Rural	38	35.2
Marital status	Single	26	24.5
	Married	69	65.1
	Separated	2	1.9
	Divorced	5	4.7
	Nonmarital cohabitation	4	3.8
Work status	Full-time	26	24.3
	Part-time	4	3.7
	Freelance	2	1.9
	Student	3	2.8
	Retired	47	43.9
	Unemployed due to illness	12	11.2
	Unemployed for other reasons	12	11.2

Influence of cognitive and motor abilities on the level of current functioning in people with multiple sclerosis

Article Category: Original scientific article

Published Online: Mar 26, 2019

Page range: 54 - 61

Received: Feb 01, 2018

Accepted: Feb 04, 2019

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/sjph-2019-0007

Keywords
multiple sclerosis, motor abilities, cognitive abilities, functional status

© 2019 National Institute of Public Health, Slovenia

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

WHODAS 2.0 total score and individual domain scores.

Correlation between cognitive and motor functioning and WHODAS 2.0 domains and total score.

Hierarchical regression analysis: dependent variable – functioning of subjects.

Demographics of the study sample.

Influence of cognitive and motor abilities on the level of current functioning in people with multiple sclerosis

Article Category: Original scientific article

Published Online: Mar 26, 2019

Page range: 54 - 61

Received: Feb 01, 2018

Accepted: Feb 04, 2019

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/sjph-2019-0007

Keywordsmultiple sclerosis, motor abilities, cognitive abilities, functional status

© 2019 National Institute of Public Health, Slovenia

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

WHODAS 2.0 total score and individual domain scores.

Correlation between cognitive and motor functioning and WHODAS 2.0 domains and total score.

Hierarchical regression analysis: dependent variable – functioning of subjects.

Demographics of the study sample.

Keywords
multiple sclerosis, motor abilities, cognitive abilities, functional status