Necrotizing Fasciitis: a Clinical Case and a Review of the Literature

1. Wallace HA, Perera TB. Necrotizing fasciitis. In: Stat-Pearls (Internet). Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2020 Jan (updated 2020 Nov 20; cited 2020 Dec 5). Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK430756/.Search in Google Scholar

2. Hakkarainen TW, Kopari NM, Pham TN, Evans HL. Necrotizing soft tissue infections: review and current concepts in treatment, systems of care, and outcomes. Curr Probl Surg. 2014;51(8):344-62.10.1067/j.cpsurg.2014.06.001Search in Google Scholar

3. Paz Maya S, Dualde Beltrán D, Lemercier P, Leiva-Salinas C. Necrotizing fasciitis: an urgent diagnosis. Skeletal Radiol. 2014;43(5):577-89.10.1007/s00256-013-1813-2Search in Google Scholar

4. Shimizu T, Tokuda Y. Necrotizing fasciitis. Intern Med. 2010;49(12):1051-7.10.2169/internalmedicine.49.2964Search in Google Scholar

5. Brennan MR, LeFevre F. Necrotizing fasciitis: infection identification and management. Nurs Crit Care (Ambler). 2019;14(1):6-11.10.1097/01.CCN.0000549627.98688.e2Search in Google Scholar

6. Arif N, Yousfi S, Vinnard C. Deaths from necrotizing fasciitis in the United States, 2003-2013. Epidemiol Infect. 2016;144(6):1338-44.10.1017/S0950268815002745Search in Google Scholar

7. Wilson B. Necrotizing fasciitis. Am Surg. 1952;18(4): 416-31.Search in Google Scholar

8. Levine EG, Manders SM. Life-threatening necrotizing fasciitis. Clin Dermatol. 2005;23(2):144-7.10.1016/j.clindermatol.2004.06.014Search in Google Scholar

9. Ryssel H, Heitmann C, German, G, Ohlbauer M. Necrotizing fasciitis after a honey bee sting. Eur J Plast Surg. 2007;30(1):11-4.10.1007/s00238-007-0130-1Search in Google Scholar

10. Fernando DM, Kaluarachchi CI, Ratnatunga CN. Necrotizing fasciitis and death following an insect bite. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2013;34(3):234-6.10.1097/PAF.0b013e3182a18b0bSearch in Google Scholar

11. Giuliano A, Lewis F Jr, Hadley K, Blaisdell FW. Bacteriology of necrotizing fasciitis. Am J Surg. 1977;134(1): 52-7.10.1016/0002-9610(77)90283-5Search in Google Scholar

12. Atallah NJ, Scherer AK, Alexander NJ, Dagher Z, Viens AL, Muhammed M, et al. Candida albicans necrotizing fasciitis following elective surgery. Med Mycol Case Rep. 2020;28:39-41.10.1016/j.mmcr.2020.04.004721476132420013Search in Google Scholar

13. Puvanendran R, Huey JC, Pasupathy S. Necrotizing fasciitis. Can Fam Physician. 2009;55(10):981-7.Search in Google Scholar

14. Anaya DA, Dellinger EP. Necrotizing soft tissue infection: diagnosis and management. Clin Infect Dis. 2007;44(5):705-10.10.1086/511638Search in Google Scholar

15. Hsu JC, Shen SH, Yang TY, Chen PH, Huang KC, Tsai YH. Necrotizing fasciitis and sepsis caused by Vibrio vulnificus and Klebsiella pneumoniae in diabetic patients. Biomed J. 2015;38(2):136-42.10.4103/2319-4170.137767Search in Google Scholar

16. Wong CH, Wang YS. The diagnosis of necrotizing fasciitis. Curr Opin Infect Dis. 2005;18(2):101-6.10.1097/01.qco.0000160896.74492.eaSearch in Google Scholar

17. Headley AJ. Necrotizing soft tissue infections: a primary care review. Am Fam Physician. 2003;68(2):323-8.Search in Google Scholar

18. Hsiao CT, Lin LJ, Shiao CJ, Hsiao KY, Chen IC. Hemorrhagic bullae are not only skin deep. Am J Emerg Med. 2008;26(3):316-9.10.1016/j.ajem.2007.07.014Search in Google Scholar

19. Sudarsky LA, Laschinger JC, Coppa GF, Spencer FC. Improved results from a standardized approach in treating patients with necrotizing fasciitis. Ann Surg. 1987;206(5):661-5.10.1097/00000658-198711000-00018Search in Google Scholar

20. Wong CH, Khin LW, Heng KS, Tan KC, Low CO. The LRINEC (Laboratory Risk Indicator for Necrotizing Fasciitis) score: a tool for distinguishing necrotizing fasciitis from other soft tissue infections. Crit Care Med. 2004;32(7):1535-41.10.1097/01.CCM.0000129486.35458.7DSearch in Google Scholar

21. Wall DB, Klein SR, Black S, de Virgilio C. A simple model to help distinguish necrotizing fasciitis from nonnecrotizing soft tissue infection. J Am Coll Surg. 2000;191(3):227-31.10.1016/S1072-7515(00)00318-5Search in Google Scholar

22. Fugitt JB, Puckett ML, Quigley MM, Kerr SM. Necrotizing fasciitis. Radiographics. 2004;24(5):1472-86.10.1148/rg.24503516915371620Search in Google Scholar

23. Morgan MS. Diagnosis and management of necrotising fasciitis: a multiparametric approach. J Hosp Infect. 2010;75(4):249-57.10.1016/j.jhin.2010.01.02820542593Search in Google Scholar

24. Roje Z, Roje Ž, Eterović D, Druzijanić N, Petrićević A, Roje T, et al. Influence of adjuvant hyperbaric oxygen therapy on short-term complications during surgical reconstruction of upper and lower extremity war injuries: a retrospective cohort study. Croat Med J. 2008;49(2):224-32.10.3325/cmj.2008.2.224235987518461678Search in Google Scholar

25. Takei S, Arora YK, Walker SM. Intravenous immunoglobulin contains specific antibodies inhibitory to activation of T cells by staphylococcal toxin superantigens. J Clin Invest. 1993;91(2):602-7.10.1172/JCI1162402879918432865Search in Google Scholar

26. Al-Qurayshi Z, Nichols RL, Killackey MT, Kandil E. Mortality risk in necrotizing fasciitis: national prevalence, trend, and burden. Surg Infect (Larchmt). 2020;21(10): 840-52.10.1089/sur.2019.277770338332196411Search in Google Scholar

27. Shang S, Zhang R, Hou Z. Necrotizing fasciitis - a catastrophic complication following routine tibia fracture surgery: a case report and literature review. Medicine (Baltimore). 2017;96(23):e6908.10.1097/MD.0000000000006908546620528591027Search in Google Scholar