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Relationship between sex hormones levels and 18F-FDG uptake by the ovaries in premenopausal woman

Tae Hee Kim
Tae Hee Kim
, 
Mi Ran Kim
Mi Ran Kim
, 
Yongsik Jung
Yongsik Jung
 and 
Young-Sil An
Young-Sil An
   | Sep 24, 2019
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Article Category: Research Article
Published Online: Sep 24, 2019
Page range: 293 - 299
Received: Apr 30, 2019
Accepted: Jul 17, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/raon-2019-0035
© 2019 Tae Hee Kim, Mi Ran Kim, Yongsik Jung, Young-Sil An, published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Figure 1

Ovarian 18F-FDG uptake according to the number of weeks since the onset of menstruation. (A) The ovarian maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) was highest at 2 weeks after the onset of menstruation and lowest during the first week after menstruation. The ovarian SUVmax at weeks 3 and 4 was between that for the first and second weeks. (B) Comparisons of ovarian SUVmean showed a trend similar to that of SUVmax.
Ovarian 18F-FDG uptake according to the number of weeks since the onset of menstruation. (A) The ovarian maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) was highest at 2 weeks after the onset of menstruation and lowest during the first week after menstruation. The ovarian SUVmax at weeks 3 and 4 was between that for the first and second weeks. (B) Comparisons of ovarian SUVmean showed a trend similar to that of SUVmax.

Figure 2

Scatter diagrams of the relationship between progesterone level and ovarian 18F-FDG uptake in all subjects. (A) Progesterone levels were weakly correlated with ovarian SUVmax (p < 0.001, rho = 0.28). (B) A weakly positive correlation was also detected between progesterone level and ovarian SUVmean (p < 0.001, rho = 0.30).
Scatter diagrams of the relationship between progesterone level and ovarian 18F-FDG uptake in all subjects. (A) Progesterone levels were weakly correlated with ovarian SUVmax (p < 0.001, rho = 0.28). (B) A weakly positive correlation was also detected between progesterone level and ovarian SUVmean (p < 0.001, rho = 0.30).

Correlation between ovarian 18F-FDG uptake and sex hormone levels

Parameters Follicular phase (n = 100) Luteal phase (n = 97) Total (N = 197)
Spearman’s rho (95% CI) p-value Spearman’s rho (95% CI) p-value Spearman’s rho (95% CI) p-value
Age −0.15 (−0.34–0.04) 0.125 −0.06 (−0.26–0.13) 0.500 −0.14(−0.27–0.01) 0.051
Estradiol Progesterone Correlation with 0.12 (−0.07–0.30) 0.29 (0.09–0.45) 0.235 0.003* −0.03 (−0.23–0.16) 0.13 (−0.07–0.32) 0.721 0.131 0.05 (−0.08–0.19) 0.28 (0.14–0.40) 0.426 <0.001*
Testosterone SUVmax ovary of −0.08 (−0.27–0.12) 0.428 0.13 (−0.07–0.32) 0.129 0.03 (−0.11–0.17) 0.669
FSH -0.18 (−0.37 to −0.01) 0.082 0.18 (−0.10–0.43) 0.200 −0.10 (−0.16 to −0.04) 0.174
LH 0.07 (−0.24–0.38) 0.657 −0.01 (−0.28–0.27) 0.973 −0.02 (−0.24–0.18) 0.792
Age −0.14 (−0.32–0.05) 0.164 −0.10 (−0.29–0.09) 0.318 −0.15 (−0.28–0.01) 0.035*
Estradiol 0.09 (−0.09–0.29) 0.324 −0.06 (−0.26–0.13) 0.532 0.03 (−0.10–0.17) 0.601
Progesterone Correlation with 0.29 (0.09–0.46) 0.003* 0.16 (−0.04–0.35) 0.161 0.30 (0.17–0.42) <0.001*
Testosterone SUVmean ovary of −0.13 (-0.31–0.06) 0.197 0.13 (−0.06–0.32) 0.193 0.01 (−0.12–0.15) 0.840
FSH −0.16 (−0.33–0.07) 0.122 0.20 (−0.08–0.45) 0.154 −0.13 (−0.18 to −0.05) 0.116
LH −0.67 (−0.39–0.27) 0.700 0.01 (−0.27–0.29) 0.954 −0.04 (−0.25–0.17) 0.690

Patient characteristics

Menstrual phase on test day
Follicular phase Luteal phase Total p-value
Number of patients, n (%) 100 (50.8) 97 (49.2) 197 (100)
Age, years 45 (42–47) 44 (38–47) 44 (40–47) 0.150
Sex hormone levels
Estradiol, pg/ml 125 (76–176) 150 (84–182) 126 (81–179) 0.292
Progesterone, ng/ml 1.62 (1.26–2.53) 12.30 (3.85–18.95) 2.71 (1.42–12.11) < 0.001*
Testosterone, ng/ml 0.34 (0.21–0.52) 0.37 (0.23–0.51) 0.36 (0.23–0.51) 0.342
FSH, mIU/ml 5.7 (3.9–8.1) 2.9 (1.7–4.1) 3.7 (2.4–6.1) < 0.001*
LH, mIU/ml 5.9 (2.9–8.6) 3.6 (2.5–6.6) 4.6 (2.7–7.8) 0.105
SUVmax of ovary 1.70 (0–2.70) 2.10 (1.50–3.63) 2.00 (0–3.23) 0.030*
SUVmean of ovary 1.30 (0-1.85) 1.60 (0.9–2.40) 1.40 (0–2.10) 0.015*
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