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Anthropogenic Drivers of Relative Sea-Level Rise in the Mekong Delta – A Review

Albert Parker
Albert Parker
   | Mar 31, 2020
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Published Online: Mar 31, 2020
Page range: 109 - 124
Received: Sep 01, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/quageo-2020-0009
© 2020 Albert Parker, published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Fig. 1

Aerial view of the Mekong River Delta, south of Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Image is reproduced modified from (Bing 2019).
Aerial view of the Mekong River Delta, south of Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Image is reproduced modified from (Bing 2019).

Fig. 2

InSAR-based land subsidence. Data are from JAXA, METI. These land subsidence rates are annual averages from 2006 to 2010. The image is reproduced modified from (Erban et al. 2014).
InSAR-based land subsidence. Data are from JAXA, METI. These land subsidence rates are annual averages from 2006 to 2010. The image is reproduced modified from (Erban et al. 2014).

Fig. 3

(a) Estimated annual subsidence displacement of 2018 around Ca Mau, in the Mekong Delta. (b) Estimated annual subsidence displacement change 2018–2017 around Ca Mau, in the Mekong Delta. Images reproduced modified from (Copernicus Emergency Management Service 2019). Copyright European Union, 1995–2019.
(a) Estimated annual subsidence displacement of 2018 around Ca Mau, in the Mekong Delta. (b) Estimated annual subsidence displacement change 2018–2017 around Ca Mau, in the Mekong Delta. Images reproduced modified from (Copernicus Emergency Management Service 2019). Copyright European Union, 1995–2019.

Fig. 4

(a) Tide gauges of Vietnam and (b) to (f) their monthly average mean sea level analysis. Image (a) is reproduced modified from (Bing 2019). Images (b) to (f) are reproduced modified from (SeaLevel.info, n.d.).
(a) Tide gauges of Vietnam and (b) to (f) their monthly average mean sea level analysis. Image (a) is reproduced modified from (Bing 2019). Images (b) to (f) are reproduced modified from (SeaLevel.info, n.d.).

Fig. 5

MSL in Vungtau and Vungtau II (a), and their difference (b). data from (PSMSL, n.d.). (c) aerial view of the area of Vungtau, with evidenced the heavy construction. Image reproduced modified after (Bing 2019).
MSL in Vungtau and Vungtau II (a), and their difference (b). data from (PSMSL, n.d.). (c) aerial view of the area of Vungtau, with evidenced the heavy construction. Image reproduced modified after (Bing 2019).

Fig. 6

MSL around Japan according to Japan Meteorological Agency (2018): a) sea-level anomaly, b) locations of the stations affected to a lesser extent by crustal movements. Images (a) and (b) reproduced modified after Japan Meteorological Agency (2018); c), d) and e) MSL of Hosojima, Wajima, and Oshoro. In Hosojima, Wajima and Oshoro there is no sea-level rise and there is no sea-level acceleration; f) short time windows rates of rise for Hosojima; g) position of the GPS antenna close to the Hosojima tide gauge. Image reproduced modified from Système d’Observation du Niveau des Eaux Littorales (n.d.).
MSL around Japan according to Japan Meteorological Agency (2018): a) sea-level anomaly, b) locations of the stations affected to a lesser extent by crustal movements. Images (a) and (b) reproduced modified after Japan Meteorological Agency (2018); c), d) and e) MSL of Hosojima, Wajima, and Oshoro. In Hosojima, Wajima and Oshoro there is no sea-level rise and there is no sea-level acceleration; f) short time windows rates of rise for Hosojima; g) position of the GPS antenna close to the Hosojima tide gauge. Image reproduced modified from Système d’Observation du Niveau des Eaux Littorales (n.d.).

Rate of rise and acceleration of the relative sea levels measured at the tide gauges of Vietnam.

Tide gaugePSMS IdLatitudeLongitudeYears of measurementsRate of rise of the relative sea levelsAcceleration of the relative sea levels
startend
[mm a−1][mm a−2]
Hondau84120.667106.81957/12013/122.06−0.0106
Honngu100318.8105.7671962/12013/12−6.04−0.3300
Quinhon144913.767109.251977/12013/12+0.230.2640
Danang147516.1108.2171978/12013/12+3.180.2120
Vungtau149510.333107.0671979/12013/12+3.64−0.0960
Quinhon II226713.775109.2552007/112016/11NANA
Vungtau II226810.34107.0722007/112016/11NANA
eISSN:
2081-6383
Language:
English
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Journal Subjects:
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