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Modern Services: Terminological Considerations and the Characteristic Features of Their Role in Socio-Economic Development

Joanna Dominiak
Joanna Dominiak
   | Apr 26, 2018
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Published Online: Apr 26, 2018
Page range: 17 - 25
Received: Jan 25, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/quageo-2018-0020
Keywords
© 2018 Joanna Dominiak, published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Fig. 1

Model of the impact of modern services on socio-economic development.Source: own study.
Model of the impact of modern services on socio-economic development.Source: own study.

Fig. 2

The level of development of modern services in the EU member states in 2014.Source: own study based on data from the Eurostat database.
The level of development of modern services in the EU member states in 2014.Source: own study based on data from the Eurostat database.

Countries with the highest and lowest levels of development of selected modern services.

Educational servicesHealth servicesResearch and development servicesFinancial servicesBusiness services
The highest level of developmentSwedenDenmarkFinlandSwedenAustriaGermanyDenmarkSwedenFinlandAustriaLuxembourgSwedenFinlandUnited Kingdom
The lowest level of developmentSlovakiaRomaniaBulgariaHungaryRomaniaPolandPolandCyprusBulgariaRomaniaSlovakiaEstoniaLithuaniaRomaniaSlovakiaPolandLithuaniaRomania

Indicators of the level of development of modern services.

Type of servicesIndicators – input servicesIndicators – output services (development factors)
EducationEducational servicesHuman capital I
Percentage of economically active teachersIndicator of professional activity
Education expenditure in % of GDPPercentage of persons with university degree
Scholarisation indexPercentage of economically active engineers and scientists
Percentage of students of technical faculties
Percentage of people over 25 years of age participating in education (LL)
Percentage of employees in the sector: Education
Percentage of people using e-learning
MedicineHealth servicesHuman capital II
Medical staff in 100,000 residentsAverage life expectancy by f/m
Health care expenses per capita (Euro)The number of years lived in health by f/m
The percentage of employees in the sector: Health care and social welfare
Research and developmentResearch and development servicesInnovativeness
GERD – total expenditure on R&D per capita (Euro)Share of turnover from innovation
BERD – expenditure of enterprises on R&D per capita (Euro)Percentage of innovative enterprises
Percentage of economically active people working in R&DPatents per 1 million inhabitants
FinanceFinancial servicesFinancial capital
Percentage of employees in the sector: Financial intermediationGross value added per 1 employee in enterprises
No. of credit institutions per 1,000 businessesInvestments per 1 employee in enterprises
The percentage of employees in credit institutions
Business servicesProfessional servicesBusiness-conducive environment
Percentage of ICT sector employeesThe percentage of newly hired employees in general employment
Percentage of employees in professional services (section M)Number of business entities per 1,000 inhabitants

The correlation coefficients between the level of development of modern services and development factors and the level of socio-economic development.

Modern servicesCorrelation coefficient between services and:Growth factorsCorrelation coefficient between factors of GDP per capitaLevel of socio-economic development
Educational services0.80Human capital0.64
Health services0.460.42
Financial services0.49Financial capital0.75
Business services0.62Business environment0.48
R&D Services0.82Innovative environment0.74
eISSN:
2081-6383
Language:
English
Publication timeframe:
4 times per year
Journal Subjects:
Geosciences, Geography
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