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PM2.5 emission from the coal combustion in the Polish residential sector. State and outlooks

Damian Zasina
Damian Zasina
 and 
Iwona Kargulewicz
Iwona Kargulewicz
   | Dec 31, 2023
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Published Online: Dec 31, 2023
Page range: 21 - 29
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/oszn-2023-0019
Keywords
© 2023 Damian Zasina et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Figure 1.

Coal consumption in Polish households 1990–2018. Time series: EUROSTAT – derived from [EUROSTAT 2020], HIGH, REF, LOW – based on [Stala–Szlugaj 2017]
Coal consumption in Polish households 1990–2018. Time series: EUROSTAT – derived from [EUROSTAT 2020], HIGH, REF, LOW – based on [Stala–Szlugaj 2017]

Figure 2.

The time series of the PM2.5 emission factor from coal combustion in Polish households 1990–2018 [NCEM 2020]
The time series of the PM2.5 emission factor from coal combustion in Polish households 1990–2018 [NCEM 2020]

Figure 3.

Data for 2018 [NCEM 2020]. (a) ‘energy mix’ – structure of energy obtained due to combustion of fuels in Polish households (b) ‘fuel mix’ – structure of the PM2.5 emission generated by particular fuels
Data for 2018 [NCEM 2020]. (a) ‘energy mix’ – structure of energy obtained due to combustion of fuels in Polish households (b) ‘fuel mix’ – structure of the PM2.5 emission generated by particular fuels

Figure 4.

PM2.5 emissions from coal combustion in Polish households 1990–2018. Time series: LRTAP [NCEM 2020], NECP REF, NECP PEK [MSA 2019]
PM2.5 emissions from coal combustion in Polish households 1990–2018. Time series: LRTAP [NCEM 2020], NECP REF, NECP PEK [MSA 2019]

Figure 5.

The PM2.5 emission factor from coal combustion in Polish households obtained performing Monte Carlo simulation [kg/TJ]: 2.5th percentile – 138.6 (blue), median – 291.5 (green), 97.5th percentile – 469.3 (red)
The PM2.5 emission factor from coal combustion in Polish households obtained performing Monte Carlo simulation [kg/TJ]: 2.5th percentile – 138.6 (blue), median – 291.5 (green), 97.5th percentile – 469.3 (red)

Figure 6.

The recalculated time series of the PM2.5 emission factor from coal combustion in Polish households 1990–2018
The recalculated time series of the PM2.5 emission factor from coal combustion in Polish households 1990–2018

Figure 7.

PM2.5 emissions and projections from coal combustion in Polish households 1990–2040. Time series: NEW EF – New estimation calculated simulated emission factor, OLD EF – old emission factor – official submission [NCEM 2020], NECP REF – official PM2.5 emission projection – reference scenario, and NECP PEK – official PM2.5 emission projection – climate policy scenario
PM2.5 emissions and projections from coal combustion in Polish households 1990–2040. Time series: NEW EF – New estimation calculated simulated emission factor, OLD EF – old emission factor – official submission [NCEM 2020], NECP REF – official PM2.5 emission projection – reference scenario, and NECP PEK – official PM2.5 emission projection – climate policy scenario

The selected statistics of the simulated PM2.5 emission factor from the coal combustion in Polish households [kg/TJ]

x¯ \overline x σx Percentiles:
2.5th 10th 25th* 50th** 75th*** 90th 97.5th
295.1 84.6 138.6 190.6 236.4 291.5 349.8 406.3 469.3

Projected coal consumption in Polish households for 2015–2030 [109 kg]

Scenario 2015 2020 2025 2030
HIGH 9.8* 8.5 7.8 7.7
REF 9.8* 8.4 7.4 7.0
LOW 9.8* 8.2 7.0 6.3

Parameters used for the estimation of the PM2.5 emission factor from hard coal combustion in Polish households

Parameter Distribution Range References
δ [−] – 0.9 [Huang et al. 2014]
A [%] N(μ = 5.7; σ = 1.5) [2.6; 11.0] [Wierzchowski, Pyka 2015; GIG 2016]
QPLt [kJ/kg] N(μ = 26,000; σ = 1,500) [21,000; 31,000] *
QIMPt [kJ/kg] N(μ = 26,000; σ = 750) [23,000; 29,000] **
up [%] N(μ = 15, σ = 1.5) [10; 20] [Stala–Szlugaj 2011]
η0 [%] – 1 [Stala–Szlugaj 2011]
eISSN:
2353-8589
Language:
English
Publication timeframe:
4 times per year
Journal Subjects:
Life Sciences, Ecology
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