<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>This article presents the heritage of the Dominican Order, which underwent the biggest transformation and destruction in Lithuania during the occupation by tsarist Russia. After the uprisings against the tsarist Russian government in the region in 1831 and 1863–1864, a Russification policy began, primarily targeted against the Catholic Church organization. The Dominican Order, which renewed its activities and had been purposefully operating in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania since the beginning of the 16<sup>th</sup> century, was liquidated during the occupation by tsarist Russia. This article studies the original appearances of Aukštadvaris, Kaunas, Merkinė and Paparčiai monasteries, which were most affected by reconstruction and demolition works during the Russian occupation, and reconstructions of their original appearance are presented. The architectural expression of all the monasteries in question suffered the most after the uprising in 1863–1864. In Aukštadvaris and Kaunas old convent churches were reconstructed into Orthodox churches by changing their old architecture, destroying individual elements of the building volume and decoration. Russian-Neo-Byzantine style promoted in the Russian Empire emerged in this context. The buildings of Merkinė and Paparčiai monasteries were completely demolished. Based on the iconographic material, especially the drawings and plans of the buildings made before the reconstruction or demolition works as well as visitations of the monasteries and material of other historical sources, the visualizations of the Aukštadvaris, Kaunas and Merkinė monastery complexes were prepared using modern means.</p></abstract>

This article presents the heritage of the Dominican Order, which underwent the biggest transformation and destruction in Lithuania during the occupation by tsarist Russia. After the uprisings against the tsarist Russian government in the region in 1831 and 1863–1864, a Russification policy began, primarily targeted against the Catholic Church organization. The Dominican Order, which renewed its activities and had been purposefully operating in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania since the beginning of the 16th century, was liquidated during the occupation by tsarist Russia. This article studies the original appearances of Aukštadvaris, Kaunas, Merkinė and Paparčiai monasteries, which were most affected by reconstruction and demolition works during the Russian occupation, and reconstructions of their original appearance are presented. The architectural expression of all the monasteries in question suffered the most after the uprising in 1863–1864. In Aukštadvaris and Kaunas old convent churches were reconstructed into Orthodox churches by changing their old architecture, destroying individual elements of the building volume and decoration. Russian-Neo-Byzantine style promoted in the Russian Empire emerged in this context. The buildings of Merkinė and Paparčiai monasteries were completely demolished. Based on the iconographic material, especially the drawings and plans of the buildings made before the reconstruction or demolition works as well as visitations of the monasteries and material of other historical sources, the visualizations of the Aukštadvaris, Kaunas and Merkinė monastery complexes were prepared using modern means.

Transformation of Dominican Architectural Heritage in the Years of Tsarist Russian Occupation

Art History & Criticism

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

This article presents the heritage of the Dominican Order, which underwent the biggest transformation and destruction in Lithuania during the occupation by...

Transformation of Dominican Architectural Heritage in the Years of Tsarist Russian Occupation

Published Online: Nov 26, 2020

Page range: 19 - 34

Received: Apr 20, 2020

Accepted: Aug 02, 2020

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/mik-2020-0002

Keywords
Dominican monasteries, visual reconstruction, original appearance, Russian Empire, Orthodox Church, Catholic Church

© 2020 Žygimantas Buržinskas et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Transformation of Dominican Architectural Heritage in the Years of Tsarist Russian Occupation

Published Online: Nov 26, 2020

Page range: 19 - 34

Received: Apr 20, 2020

Accepted: Aug 02, 2020

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/mik-2020-0002

KeywordsDominican monasteries, visual reconstruction, original appearance, Russian Empire, Orthodox Church, Catholic Church

© 2020 Žygimantas Buržinskas et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Keywords
Dominican monasteries, visual reconstruction, original appearance, Russian Empire, Orthodox Church, Catholic Church