Open Access

Identification the Presence of Clade 2.3.2.1c-Avian Influenza H5N1, a Highly Pathogenic Virus in Iraq, 2018


Cite

1. Watanabe, T., Zhong, G., Russell, C.A., Nakajima, N., Hatta, M., Hanson, A., McBride, R., et al. (2014). Circulating avian influenza viruses closely related to the 1918 virus have pandemic potential. Cell Host Microbe. 15(6): 692-705. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chom.2014.05.006 PMid:24922572 PMCid:PMC420523810.1016/j.chom.2014.05.006PMid:24922572PMCid:PMC4205238Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

2. Webster, R.G, Govorkova, E.A. (2014). Continuing challenges in influenza. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1323(1): 115-139. https://doi.org/10.1111/nyas.12462 PMid:24891213 PMCid:PMC415943610.1111/nyas.12462PMid:24891213PMCid:PMC4159436Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

3. Wallace, R.G., Bergmann, L., Kock, R., Gilbert, M., Hogerwerf, L., Wallace, R., Holmberg, M. (2015). The dawn of structural one health: A new science tracking disease emergence along circuits of capital. Social Science & Medicine 129, 68-77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2014.09.047 PMid:2531178410.1016/j.socscimed.2014.09.047PMid:25311784Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

4. Smith, G.J., Donis, R.O., World Health Organization/World Organisation for Animal Health/Food and Agriculture Organization (WHO/OIE/FAO) H5 Evolution Working Group (2015). Nomenclature updates resulting from the evolution of avian influenza A (H5) virus clades 2.1. 3.2 a, 2.2. 1, and 2.3. 4 during 2013-2014. Influenza and other respiratory viruses 9(5): 271-276. https://doi.org/10.1111/irv.12324 PMid:25966311 PMCid:PMC454899710.1111/irv.12324PMid:25966311PMCid:PMC4548997Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

5. Mo, I.P., Bae, Y.J., Lee, S.B., Mo, J.S., Oh, K.H., Shin, J.H., Kang, H.M., Lee, Y.J. (2016). Review of avian influenza outbreaks in South Korea from 1996 to 2014. Avian diseases 60(1s): 172-177. https://doi.org/10.1637/11095-041715-Review PMid:2730905210.1637/11095-041715-ReviewPMid:27309052Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

6. Zhou, N.N., Shortridge, K.F., Claas, E.C., Krauss, S.L., Webster, R.G. (1999). Rapid evolution of H5N1 influenza viruses in chickens in Hong Kong. Journal of Virology 73(4): 3366-3374.10.1128/JVI.73.4.3366-3374.1999Search in Google Scholar

7. Prosser, D., Hungerford, L., Erwin, R.M., Ottinger, M.A., Takekawa, J.Y., Ellis, E. (2013). Mapping avian influenza transmission risk at the interface of domestic poultry and wild birds. Frontiers in Public Health 1, 28. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2013.00028 PMid:24350197 PMCid:PMC385484810.3389/fpubh.2013.00028PMid:24350197PMCid:PMC3854848Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

8. Xu, X., Subbarao, K., Cox, N.J., Guo, Y. (1999). Genetic characterization of the pathogenic influenza A/Goose/Guangdong/1/96 (H5N1) virus: similarity of its hemagglutinin gene to those of H5N1 viruses from the 1997 outbreaks in Hong Kong. Virology 261(1): 15-19. https://doi.org/10.1006/viro.1999.9820 PMid:1048474910.1006/viro.1999.9820Search in Google Scholar

9. Marinova-Petkova, A., Franks, J., Tenzin, S., Dahal, N., Dukpa, K., Dorjee, J., Feeroz, M.M., et al. (2016). Highly pathogenic reassortant avian influenza a (H5N1) virus clade 2.3. 2.1 a in poultry, Bhutan. Emerg Infect Dis. 22 (12): 2137. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2212.160611 PMid:27584733 PMCid:PMC518914410.3201/eid2212.160611PMid:27584733PMCid:PMC5189144Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

10. Hill, E.M,, House, T., Dhingra, M.S., Kalpravidh, W., Morzaria, S., Osmani, M.G., et al. (2018). The impact of surveillance and control on highly pathogenic avian influenza outbreaks in poultry in Dhaka division, Bangladesh. PLOS Comput Biol. 14 (9). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.100643910.1371/journal.pcbi.1006439Search in Google Scholar

11. Alkhamis, M., Hijmans, R.J., Al-Enezi, A., Martínez-López, B., Perea, A.M. (2016). The use of spatial and spatiotemporal modeling for surveillance of H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza in poultry in the middle east. Avian diseases 60(1s): 146-155. https://doi.org/10.1637/11106-042115-Reg PMid:2730905010.1637/11106-042115-RegPMid:27309050Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

12. Lycett, S.J., Duchatel, F., Digard, P. (2019). A brief history of bird flu. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 374 (1775). https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2018.0257 PMid:31056053 PMCid:PMC655360810.1098/rstb.2018.0257PMid:31056053PMCid:PMC6553608Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

13. Dórea, F.C., Vial, F. (2016). Animal health syndromic surveillance: a systematic literature review of the progress in the last 5 years (2011-2016). Vet Med Res Rep. 7, 157-169. https://doi.org/10.2147/VMRR.S90182 PMid:30050848 PMCid:PMC604479910.2147/VMRR.S90182PMid:30050848PMCid:PMC6044799Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

14. Briand, F.X., Schmitz, A., Ogor, K., Le Prioux, A., Guillou-Cloarec, C., Guillemoto, C., Allée, C., et al. (2017). Emerging highly pathogenic H5 avian influenza viruses in France during winter 2015/16: phylogenetic analyses and markers for zoonotic potential. Eurosurveillance 22(9): 1-11. https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2017.22.9.30473 PMid:28277218 PMCid:PMC535643010.2807/1560-7917.ES.2017.22.9.30473PMid:28277218PMCid:PMC5356430Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

15. El Romeh, A., Zecchin, B., Fusaro, A., Ibrahim, E., El Bazzal, B., El Hage, J., Milani, A., Zamperin, G. Monne, I. (2017). Highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 Clade 2.3. 2.1 c Virus in Lebanon, 2016. Avian Diseases 61(2): 271-273. https://doi.org/10.1637/11544-113016-Case.1 PMid:2866573210.1637/11544-113016-.1PMid:28665732Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

16. Farah, Z.E., Khatib, O., Hamadeh, S., Ahmad, K., El Bazzal, B., Zalloua, P., et al. (2018). Containment of highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) virus, Lebanon, 2016. Emerg Infect Dis. 24(2): 374-376. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2402.171276 PMid:29350169 PMCid:PMC578290110.3201/eid2402.171276PMid:29350169PMCid:PMC5782901Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

eISSN:
1857-7415
Language:
English
Publication timeframe:
2 times per year
Journal Subjects:
Life Sciences, other, Medicine, Basic Medical Science, Veterinary Medicine