<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<sec>
<h3>Introduction</h3>
<p>When piglets are exposed to pathogens for a long period, the immune system organs, among them the spleen, play a major role in combating the stress caused by those pathogens. In the present study, the effect on splenocyte function was investigated in a model of weaned piglets in which stress was induced by multiple low doses of lipopolysaccharide (LPS).</p>
</sec>
<sec>
<h3>Material and Methods</h3>
<p>Forty-eight 28-day-old piglets were divided into two groups: the LPS group and the control group. During the experimental period of thirteen days, the LPS group was intraperitoneally injected with LPS (100 μg/kg) once per day, and the control group was injected with the same volume of 0.9% sterile saline. On the 1<sup>st</sup>, 5<sup>th</sup>, 9<sup>th</sup> and 13<sup>th</sup> days, the piglets’ spleens were collected for isolating splenocytes. The proliferation ability of splenocytes was evaluated by the cell-counting-kit 8 method. Flow cytometry was used to detect cell cycle stage and apoptosis, and the nitric oxide level of cell supernatant was also tested.</p>
</sec>
<sec>
<h3>Results</h3>
<p>In the experimental group, the proliferation ability of splenocytes was enhanced, the proportion of cells in the G0/G1 phase was smaller, and cells were promoted to the S and G2/M phases. Meanwhile, apoptosis was suppressed and nitric oxide release upregulated. The results were significantly different between the LPS group and the control group on the 5<sup>th</sup> and 9<sup>th</sup> days.</p>
</sec>
<sec>
<h3>Conclusion</h3>
<p>The difference between the results of one group and those of the other suggest that after the 5<sup>th</sup> LPS injection, multiple low doses of LPS activated splenocytes and restored the number of splenocytes, which maintained and possibly enhanced the regulation of the immune function of the spleen.</p>
</sec>
</abstract>

Introduction
When piglets are exposed to pathogens for a long period, the immune system organs, among them the spleen, play a major role in combating the stress caused by those pathogens. In the present study, the effect on splenocyte function was investigated in a model of weaned piglets in which stress was induced by multiple low doses of lipopolysaccharide (LPS).


Material and Methods
Forty-eight 28-day-old piglets were divided into two groups: the LPS group and the control group. During the experimental period of thirteen days, the LPS group was intraperitoneally injected with LPS (100 μg/kg) once per day, and the control group was injected with the same volume of 0.9% sterile saline. On the 1st, 5th, 9th and 13th days, the piglets’ spleens were collected for isolating splenocytes. The proliferation ability of splenocytes was evaluated by the cell-counting-kit 8 method. Flow cytometry was used to detect cell cycle stage and apoptosis, and the nitric oxide level of cell supernatant was also tested.


Results
In the experimental group, the proliferation ability of splenocytes was enhanced, the proportion of cells in the G0/G1 phase was smaller, and cells were promoted to the S and G2/M phases. Meanwhile, apoptosis was suppressed and nitric oxide release upregulated. The results were significantly different between the LPS group and the control group on the 5th and 9th days.


Conclusion
The difference between the results of one group and those of the other suggest that after the 5th LPS injection, multiple low doses of LPS activated splenocytes and restored the number of splenocytes, which maintained and possibly enhanced the regulation of the immune function of the spleen.

Effect on the splenocyte function of weaned piglets induced by continuous lipopolysaccharide injections

Journal of Veterinary Research

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Introduction
When piglets are exposed to pathogens for a long period, the immune system organs, among them the spleen, play a major role in combating the...

Effect on the splenocyte function of weaned piglets induced by continuous lipopolysaccharide injections

Published Online: May 09, 2024

Page range: -

Received: Oct 28, 2023

Accepted: Apr 22, 2024

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2024-0024

Keywords
weaned piglet, LPS, splenocytes, immune function

© 2024 Tingyu Yang et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Effect on the splenocyte function of weaned piglets induced by continuous lipopolysaccharide injections

Published Online: May 09, 2024

Page range: -

Received: Oct 28, 2023

Accepted: Apr 22, 2024

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2024-0024

Keywordsweaned piglet, LPS, splenocytes, immune function

© 2024 Tingyu Yang et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Keywords
weaned piglet, LPS, splenocytes, immune function