<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<sec id="j_jvetres-2018-0013_s_005">
<h3>Introduction</h3>
<p><italic>Nerium oleander</italic> is a plant of the <italic>Apocynaceae</italic> family toxic to humans, animals, and insects. This study was performed to determine the cardiac and neurotoxicity of the plant extract by oral administration in Wistar rats and Balb/c mice and to compare the susceptibility of these animal models to oleander toxicity.</p></sec>
<sec id="j_jvetres-2018-0013_s_006">
<h3>Material and Methods</h3>
<p>Four groups of eight mice and eight rats received <italic>N</italic>. <italic>oleander</italic> extract orally while a fifth group was the control. Serum concentrations of the biochemical toxicity indicators, namely troponin and creatine kinase (CK), were determined and histopathological evaluation of the heart and brain was performed.</p></sec>
<sec id="j_jvetres-2018-0013_s_007">
<h3>Results</h3>
<p>In mice, CK and troponin concentrations were respectively 1.5 and 7 times higher than in the control group (P &lt; 0.05), while in rats, they were 6–7 and 11 times higher. Hyperaemia, haemorrhage, and myofibrolysis, without infiltration of inflammatory cells, were observed in the heart. In the brain the authors observed hyperaemia associated with perivascular and perineuronal oedema, and in higher-dosed rats multifocal haemorrhagic and liquefactive necrotic lesions.</p></sec>
<sec id="j_jvetres-2018-0013_s_008">
<h3>Conclusion</h3>
<p>Oleander can affect serum levels of CK and troponin due to nervous and cardiac injuries. Rats showed more severe changes in the biochemical indicators and histopathological lesions than mice. Therefore, biochemical and pathological findings indicate that Wistar rats are more susceptible to the cardiac toxicity and neurotoxicity effects of <italic>N. oleander</italic> poisoning than Balb/c mice.</p></sec>
</abstract>

Introduction
Nerium oleander is a plant of the Apocynaceae family toxic to humans, animals, and insects. This study was performed to determine the cardiac and neurotoxicity of the plant extract by oral administration in Wistar rats and Balb/c mice and to compare the susceptibility of these animal models to oleander toxicity.

Material and Methods
Four groups of eight mice and eight rats received N. oleander extract orally while a fifth group was the control. Serum concentrations of the biochemical toxicity indicators, namely troponin and creatine kinase (CK), were determined and histopathological evaluation of the heart and brain was performed.

Results
In mice, CK and troponin concentrations were respectively 1.5 and 7 times higher than in the control group (P < 0.05), while in rats, they were 6–7 and 11 times higher. Hyperaemia, haemorrhage, and myofibrolysis, without infiltration of inflammatory cells, were observed in the heart. In the brain the authors observed hyperaemia associated with perivascular and perineuronal oedema, and in higher-dosed rats multifocal haemorrhagic and liquefactive necrotic lesions.

Conclusion
Oleander can affect serum levels of CK and troponin due to nervous and cardiac injuries. Rats showed more severe changes in the biochemical indicators and histopathological lesions than mice. Therefore, biochemical and pathological findings indicate that Wistar rats are more susceptible to the cardiac toxicity and neurotoxicity effects of N. oleander poisoning than Balb/c mice.

Study of troponin, creatine kinase biomarkers, and histopathological lesions in experimental <italic>Nerium oleander</italic> toxicity in rats and mice

Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine

School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University

Journal of Veterinary Research

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Study of troponin, creatine kinase biomarkers, and histopathological lesions in experimental  toxicity in rats and mice

Introduction
Nerium oleander is a plant of the Apocynaceae family toxic to humans, animals, and insects. This study was performed to determine the cardiac and...

Study of troponin, creatine kinase biomarkers, and histopathological lesions in experimental Nerium oleander toxicity in rats and mice

Published Online: Mar 30, 2018

Page range: 97 - 102

Received: Nov 10, 2017

Accepted: Mar 09, 2018

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2018-0013

Keywords
rats, mice, toxicity, creatinine kinase, troponin

© 2018 M. Khordadmehr and S. Nazifi, published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Study of troponin, creatine kinase biomarkers, and histopathological lesions in experimental Nerium oleander toxicity in rats and mice

Published Online: Mar 30, 2018

Page range: 97 - 102

Received: Nov 10, 2017

Accepted: Mar 09, 2018

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2018-0013

Keywordsrats, mice, toxicity, creatinine kinase, troponin

© 2018 M. Khordadmehr and S. Nazifi, published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Keywords
rats, mice, toxicity, creatinine kinase, troponin