<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<p>As trophic organisms, nematodes play an essential role in the soil environment: they mineralize nutrients into plant-available forms, are a food source for other soil organisms, and feed on pathogenic organisms and plant pests, therefore regulating populations of soil microorganisms. The plant-parasitic nematodes are important pests of crops. Nanoparticles (NP) are increasingly used in agriculture and other production sectors. They are present in the soil, not necessarily in trace amounts, and can affect various soil organisms, including nematodes. In this article, the effects of silver (Ag), gold (Au), and platinum (Pt) nanoparticles on the mortality and reproduction activity of selected nematode species from two trophic groups: entomopathogenic nematodes (EPN) (<italic>Heterorhabditis bacteriophora</italic> and <italic>Steinernema feltiae</italic>) and plant parasitic nematodes (PPN) (<italic>Xiphinema diversicaudatum</italic>, <italic>Ditylenchus dipsaci</italic>, <italic>Heterodera schachtii</italic>) were studied under laboratory conditions. All nanoparticles decreased the nematode population to an extent depending on the nematode species, nanoparticle type, and exposure time. AgNP had the greatest nematicidal effect, except for AuNP, which reduced the population of <italic>H. schachtii</italic> the most. The greatest sensitivity to AgNP was observed in <italic>X. diversicaudatum</italic> (100% mortality), <italic>D. dipsaci</italic> (90% mortality), and 37 to 13% mortality in other species. Effect of AuNP and PtNP on entomopathogenic nematodes was comparable to the control, not treated with nanoparticles. AuNP and PtNP similarly influenced nematode mortality. However, the effect of nanoparticles on new generations of entomopathogenic nematodes developing in host larvae <italic>Galleria mellonella</italic> was inconclusive. All nanoparticles decreased the number of larvae of <italic>S. feltiae</italic> and increased the number of <italic>H. bacteriophora</italic> migrating outside the cadavers compared to the control.</p>
</abstract>

As trophic organisms, nematodes play an essential role in the soil environment: they mineralize nutrients into plant-available forms, are a food source for other soil organisms, and feed on pathogenic organisms and plant pests, therefore regulating populations of soil microorganisms. The plant-parasitic nematodes are important pests of crops. Nanoparticles (NP) are increasingly used in agriculture and other production sectors. They are present in the soil, not necessarily in trace amounts, and can affect various soil organisms, including nematodes. In this article, the effects of silver (Ag), gold (Au), and platinum (Pt) nanoparticles on the mortality and reproduction activity of selected nematode species from two trophic groups: entomopathogenic nematodes (EPN) (Heterorhabditis bacteriophora and Steinernema feltiae) and plant parasitic nematodes (PPN) (Xiphinema diversicaudatum, Ditylenchus dipsaci, Heterodera schachtii) were studied under laboratory conditions. All nanoparticles decreased the nematode population to an extent depending on the nematode species, nanoparticle type, and exposure time. AgNP had the greatest nematicidal effect, except for AuNP, which reduced the population of H. schachtii the most. The greatest sensitivity to AgNP was observed in X. diversicaudatum (100% mortality), D. dipsaci (90% mortality), and 37 to 13% mortality in other species. Effect of AuNP and PtNP on entomopathogenic nematodes was comparable to the control, not treated with nanoparticles. AuNP and PtNP similarly influenced nematode mortality. However, the effect of nanoparticles on new generations of entomopathogenic nematodes developing in host larvae Galleria mellonella was inconclusive. All nanoparticles decreased the number of larvae of S. feltiae and increased the number of H. bacteriophora migrating outside the cadavers compared to the control.

Effects of Silver, Gold, and Platinum Nanoparticles on Selected Nematode Trophic Groups

Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Environmental Management and Agriculture

West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin

Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Environmental Management and Agriculture

Journal of Horticultural Research

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

As trophic organisms, nematodes play an essential role in the soil environment: they mineralize nutrients into plant-available forms, are a food source for...

Effects of Silver, Gold, and Platinum Nanoparticles on Selected Nematode Trophic Groups

Published Online: Dec 29, 2023

Page range: 23 - 34

Received: Oct 01, 2023

Accepted: Dec 01, 2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/johr-2023-0035

Keywords
entomopathogenic nematodes, plant parasitic nematodes

© 2023 Magdalena Dzięgielewska et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Effects of Silver, Gold, and Platinum Nanoparticles on Selected Nematode Trophic Groups

Published Online: Dec 29, 2023

Page range: 23 - 34

Received: Oct 01, 2023

Accepted: Dec 01, 2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/johr-2023-0035

Keywordsentomopathogenic nematodes, plant parasitic nematodes

© 2023 Magdalena Dzięgielewska et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Keywords
entomopathogenic nematodes, plant parasitic nematodes