<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<sec><h3>Introduction</h3>
<p>Drug-induced gingivitis is caused by the administration of certain drugs such as hydantoin, calcium blockers, beta-blockers, cyclosporine, and oral contraceptives. The aim of this study was to evaluate the modifications linked to drug-induced gingivitis such as changes in color, volume, and consistency, and the clinical signs of periodontal disease.</p>
</sec>
<sec><h3>Materials and methods</h3>
<p>The study was based on a questionnaire made up of 14 questions, formulated using colloquial language to increase addressability.</p>
</sec>
<sec><h3>Results</h3>
<p>The most frequently used drugs were beta-blockers (37%), calcium channel blockers (33%), followed by anticonvulsants (18%), oral contraceptives (8%) and cyclosporine (4%). Color changes occurred in 81% of anticonvulsant treatments and 57% of oral contraceptives. Increases in the gingival volume were higher with anticonvulsants (73%) followed by cyclosporine (67%). Gingival consistency was higher with anticonvulsant treatments (90%), followed by calcium channel blockers (60%). Gingival changes and gingival bleeding during brushing were higher with anticonvulsant treatments, followed by beta-blocker medication. Spontaneous gingival bleeding had a higher prevalence in anticonvulsant treatments, followed by cyclosporine.</p>
</sec>
<sec><h3>Conclusions</h3>
<p>The patients most affected by gingival enlargement were those under hydantoin treatment, followed by cyclosporine. Calcium channel blockers and beta-blockers had similar effects on gingival pathology. The intensity of the pathological changes that occurred secondary to the administration of these drugs was influenced by the dose, the duration of the treatment, and the association of several drugs. Early detection and management of gingival enlargement is important in order to allow patients to continue with their therapy, and also to increase their quality of life.</p>
</sec>
</abstract>

Introduction
Drug-induced gingivitis is caused by the administration of certain drugs such as hydantoin, calcium blockers, beta-blockers, cyclosporine, and oral contraceptives. The aim of this study was to evaluate the modifications linked to drug-induced gingivitis such as changes in color, volume, and consistency, and the clinical signs of periodontal disease.

Materials and methods
The study was based on a questionnaire made up of 14 questions, formulated using colloquial language to increase addressability.

Results
The most frequently used drugs were beta-blockers (37%), calcium channel blockers (33%), followed by anticonvulsants (18%), oral contraceptives (8%) and cyclosporine (4%). Color changes occurred in 81% of anticonvulsant treatments and 57% of oral contraceptives. Increases in the gingival volume were higher with anticonvulsants (73%) followed by cyclosporine (67%). Gingival consistency was higher with anticonvulsant treatments (90%), followed by calcium channel blockers (60%). Gingival changes and gingival bleeding during brushing were higher with anticonvulsant treatments, followed by beta-blocker medication. Spontaneous gingival bleeding had a higher prevalence in anticonvulsant treatments, followed by cyclosporine.

Conclusions
The patients most affected by gingival enlargement were those under hydantoin treatment, followed by cyclosporine. Calcium channel blockers and beta-blockers had similar effects on gingival pathology. The intensity of the pathological changes that occurred secondary to the administration of these drugs was influenced by the dose, the duration of the treatment, and the association of several drugs. Early detection and management of gingival enlargement is important in order to allow patients to continue with their therapy, and also to increase their quality of life.

Drug-Induced Changes in the Gingival Tissue

“George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology

Department of Oral Rehabilitation and Occlusology

Journal of Interdisciplinary Medicine

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

{"article-title":"Drug-Induced Changes in the Gingival Tissue"}

Introduction
Drug-induced gingivitis is caused by the administration of certain drugs such as hydantoin, calcium blockers, beta-blockers, cyclosporine, and...

Drug-Induced Changes in the Gingival Tissue

Published Online: Sep 21, 2023

Page range: 1 - 5

Received: Feb 28, 2023

Accepted: Mar 06, 2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jim-2023-0001

Keywords
gingival enlargement, hydantoin, calcium blockers, beta-blockers, cyclosporine, contraceptives

© 2023 Estella Kis et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Drug-Induced Changes in the Gingival Tissue

Published Online: Sep 21, 2023

Page range: 1 - 5

Received: Feb 28, 2023

Accepted: Mar 06, 2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jim-2023-0001

Keywordsgingival enlargement, hydantoin, calcium blockers, beta-blockers, cyclosporine, contraceptives

© 2023 Estella Kis et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Keywords
gingival enlargement, hydantoin, calcium blockers, beta-blockers, cyclosporine, contraceptives