[1. Stefanidis C, Antoniou C, Tsiachris D, Pietri P. Coronary Atherosclerotic Vulnerable Plaque: Current Perspectives. J Am Heart Assoc. 2017;6:e005543.10.1161/JAHA.117.005543552404428314799]Search in Google Scholar
[2. Schaar JA, Muller JE, Falk E, et al. Terminology for high-risk and vulnerable coronary artery plaques. Eur Heart J. 2004;25:1077-1082.10.1016/j.ehj.2004.01.00215191780]Search in Google Scholar
[3. Varnava AM, Mills PG, Davies MJ. Relationship between coronary artery remodeling and plaque vulnerability. Circulation. 2002;105:939-943.10.1161/hc0802.10432711864922]Search in Google Scholar
[4. Nyulas T, Chițu M, Mester A, et al. Computed Tomography Biomarkers of Vulnerable Coronary Plaques. Journal of Interdisciplinary Medicine. 2016;1:263-266.10.1515/jim-2016-0068]Search in Google Scholar
[5. Opolski MP, Kępka C, Rużyłło W. Computed tomography for detection of vulnerable coronary plaque – A Cassandra’s dream? Postępy w Kardiologii Interwencyjnej/Advances in Interventional Cardiology. 2014;10:147-152.]Search in Google Scholar
[6. Motoyama S, Masayoshi S, Harigaya H, et al. Computed tomographic angiography characteristics of atherosclerotic plaques subsequently resulting in acute coronary syndrome. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2009;54:49-57.10.1016/j.jacc.2009.02.06819555840]Search in Google Scholar
[7. Motoyama S, Kondo T, Sarai M, et al. Multislice computed tomographic characteristics of coronary lesions in acute coronary syndromes. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2007;50:319-326.10.1016/j.jacc.2007.03.04417659199]Search in Google Scholar
[8. Maurovich-Horváth P, Merkely B. Intracoronary Imaging and Plaque Vulnerability. Journal of Cardiovascular Emergencies. 2016;2:148-150.10.1515/jce-2016-0027]Search in Google Scholar
[9. Benedek T, Mester A, Benedek A, Rat N, Opincariu D, Chițu M. Assessment of Coronary Plaque Vulnerability in Acute Coronary Syndromes using Optical Coherence Tomography or Intravascular Ultrasound. A systematic Review. Journal of Cardiovascular Emergencies. 2016;2:173-184.10.1515/jce-2016-0028]Search in Google Scholar
[10. Rodriguez-Granillo GA, Carrascosa P, Bruining N, Waksman R, Garcia-Garcia HM. Defining the non-vulnerable and vulnerable patients with computed tomography coronary angiography: evaluation of atherosclerotic plaque burden and composition. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2016;17:481-491.10.1093/ehjci/jew01226903599]Search in Google Scholar
[11. Voros S, Rinehart S, Qian Z, et al. Coronary atherosclerosis imaging by coronary CT angiography: current status, correlation with intravascular interrogation and meta-analysis. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2011;4:537-548.10.1016/j.jcmg.2011.03.00621565743]Search in Google Scholar
[12. Benedek T, Gyöngyösi M, Benedek I. Multislice computed tomographic coronary angiography for quantitative assessment of culprit lesions in acute coronary syndromes. Can J Cardiol. 2013;29:364-371.10.1016/j.cjca.2012.11.00423333164]Search in Google Scholar
[13. Choi BJ, Kang DK, Tahk SJ, et al. Comparison of 64-slice multidetector computed tomography with spectral analysis of intravascular ultrasound backscatter signals for characterizations of noncalcified coronary arterial plaques. Am J Cardiol. 2008;102:988-993.10.1016/j.amjcard.2008.05.06018929698]Search in Google Scholar
[14. Kroener E, van Velzen J, Boogers M, et al. Positive remodeling on coronary computed tomography as a marker for plaque vulnerability on virtual histology intravascular ultrasound. Am J Cardiol. 2011;107:1725-1729.10.1016/j.amjcard.2011.02.33721481832]Search in Google Scholar
[15. Maurovich-Horvat P, Schlett CL, Alkadhi H, et al. The napkin-ring sign indicates advanced atherosclerotic lesions in coronary CT angiography. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2012;5:1243-1252.10.1016/j.jcmg.2012.03.01923236975]Search in Google Scholar
[16. Thomsen C, Abdulla J. Characteristics of high-risk coronary plaques identified by computed tomographic angiography and associated prognosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2016;17:120-129.10.1093/ehjci/jev325488289626690951]Search in Google Scholar
[17. Hou ZH, Lu B, Gao Y, et al. Prognostic value of coronary CT angiography and calcium score for major adverse cardiac events in outpatients. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2012;5:990-999.10.1016/j.jcmg.2012.06.00623058065]Search in Google Scholar
[18. Benedek T, Opincariu D, Rat N, Hodas R, Mester A, Benedek I. The Assessment of Epicardial Adipose Tissue in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients. A Systematic Review. Journal of Cardiovascular Emergencies. 2017;3:18-29.10.1515/jce-2017-0003]Search in Google Scholar
[19. Gitsioudis G, Schmahl C, Missiou A, et al. Epicardial adipose tissue is associated with plaque burden and composition and provides incremental value for the prediction of cardiac outcome. A clinical cardiac computed tomography angiography study. PLoS One. 2016;11:e0155120.10.1371/journal.pone.0155120487136627187590]Search in Google Scholar
[20. Nakanishi R, Rajani R, Cheng VY, et al. Increase in epicardial fat volume is associated with greater coronary artery calcification progression in subjects at intermediate risk by coronary calcium score: a serial study using non-contrast cardiac CT. Atherosclerosis. 2011;218:363-368.10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2011.07.09321835407]Search in Google Scholar
[21. Mahabadi A, Berg M, Lehmann N, et al. Association of Epicardial Fat With Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Incident Myocardial Infarction in the General Population: The Heinz Nixdorf Recall Study. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2013;61:1388-1395.10.1016/j.jacc.2012.11.06223433560]Search in Google Scholar
[22. Fukamachi D, Higuchi Y, Hiro T, et al. Association between the epicardial adipose tissue thickness and the presence of multivessel disease in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Journal of Atherosclerosis and Atherothrombosis. 2014;2:144-151.]Search in Google Scholar
[23. Xu Y, Cheng X, Hong K, Huang C, Wan L. How to interpret epicardial adipose tissue as a cause of coronary artery disease: a meta-analysis. Coron Artery Dis. 2012;23:227-233.10.1097/MCA.0b013e328351ab2c22361934]Search in Google Scholar
[24. Nerleklar N, Brown AJ, Muthalaly RG, et al. Association of Epicardial Adipose Tissue and High-Risk Plaque Characteristics: A Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis. Journal of American Heart Association. 2017;6:e006379.10.1161/JAHA.117.006379558646528838916]Search in Google Scholar
[25. Hassan M, Said K, Rizk H, et al. Segmental peri-coronary epicardial adipose tissue volume and coronary plaque characteristics. European Heart Journal-Cardiovascular Imaging. 2016;17:1169-1177.10.1093/ehjci/jev29826590399]Search in Google Scholar
[26. Maurovich-Horvat P, Kallianos K, Engel LC, et al. Influence of pericoronary adipose tissue on local coronary atherosclerosis as assessed by a novel MDCT volumetric method. Atherosclerosis. 2011;219:151-157.10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2011.06.049320334521782176]Search in Google Scholar
[27. Okubo R, Nakanishi R, Toda M, et al. Pericoronary adipose tissue ratio is a stronger associated factor of plaque vulnerability than epicardial adipose tissue on coronary computed tomography angiography. Heart Vessels. 2017;32:813-822.10.1007/s00380-017-0943-128229226]Search in Google Scholar
[28. Mahabadi AA, Reinsch N, Lehmann N, et al. Association of pericoronary fat volume with atherosclerotic plaque burden in the underlying coronary artery: a segment analysis. Atherosclerosis. 2010;211:195-199.10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2010.02.01320223460]Search in Google Scholar
[29. Gorter PM, van Lindert AS, de Vos AM, et al. Quantification of epicardial and pericoronary fat using cardiac computed tomography; reproducibility and relation with obesity and metabolic syndrome in patients suspected of coronary artery disease. Atherosclerosis. 2008;197:896-903.10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2007.08.01617884060]Search in Google Scholar
[30. Sinha SK, Thakur R, Jha MJ, et al. Epicardial Adipose Tissue Thickness and Its Association With the Presence and Severity of Coronary Artery Disease in Clinical Setting: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study. Journal of Clinical Medicine Research. 2016;8:410-419.10.14740/jocmr2468w481758227081428]Search in Google Scholar
[31. Iacobellis G. Epicardial and pericardial fat: close, but very different. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2009;17:625.10.1038/oby.2008.57519322142]Search in Google Scholar
[32. Bertaso A, Bertol D, Duncan B, Foppa M. Epicardial Fat: Definition, Measurements, and Systematic Review of Main Outcomes. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2013;101:18-28.10.5935/abc.20130138399816923917514]Search in Google Scholar
[33. Machann J, Thamer C, Schnoedt B, et al. Standardized assessment of whole body adipose tissue topography by MRI. J Magn Reson Imaging. 2005;21:455-62.10.1002/jmri.2029215778954]Search in Google Scholar
[34. Sarin S, Wenger C, Marwaha A, et al. Clinical significance of epicardial fat measured using cardiac multislice computed tomography. Am J Cardiol. 2008;102:767-771.10.1016/j.amjcard.2008.04.05818774004]Search in Google Scholar
[35. Mahabadi AA, Massaro JM, Rosito GA, et al. Association of pericardial fat, intrathoracic fat, and visceral abdominal fat with cardiovascular disease burden: the Framingham Heart Study. Eur Heart J. 2009;30:850-856.10.1093/eurheartj/ehn573369356419136488]Search in Google Scholar
[36. Ding J, Hsu FC, Harris TB, et al. The association of pericardial fat with incident coronary heart disease: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). Am J Clin Nutr. 2009;90:499-504.10.3945/ajcn.2008.27358272864119571212]Search in Google Scholar
[37. Gorter PM, de Vos AM, van der Graaf Y, et al. Relation of epicardial and pericoronary fat to coronary atherosclerosis and coronary artery calcium in patients undergoing coronary angiography. Am J Cardiol. 2008;102:380-5.10.1016/j.amjcard.2008.04.00218678291]Search in Google Scholar
[38. Alexopoulus N, Raggi P. Epicardial Adipose Tissue: Another Tassel in the Complex Fabric of Atherosclerosis. Cardiovasc Hematol Disord Drug Targets. 2018;18:17-26.10.2174/1871529X1766617012510355528124603]Search in Google Scholar
[39. Mazurek T, Zhang L, Zalewski A, et al. Human epicardial adipose tissue is a source of inflammatory mediators. Circulation. 2003;108:2460-2466.10.1161/01.CIR.0000099542.57313.C514581396]Search in Google Scholar
[40. Nagy E, Jermendy A, Merkely B, Maurovich-Horvath P. Clinical importance of epicardial adipose tissue. Arch Med Sci. 2017;4:864-874.10.5114/aoms.2016.63259550711028721155]Search in Google Scholar