Foraging Behavior of Honeybees ( L.) and Ground Bumblebees ( L.) and its Influence on Seed Yield and Oil Quality of Oil Tree Peony Cultivar ‘Fengdan’ ( T. Hong et J. X. Zhang)

Chunling He; Kaiyue Zhang; Dongbo Han; Shuaibing Wang; Xiaogai Hou; Chaodong Zhu

Open Access

Foraging Behavior of Honeybees (Apis Mellifera L.) and Ground Bumblebees (Bombus Terrestris L.) and its Influence on Seed Yield and Oil Quality of Oil Tree Peony Cultivar ‘Fengdan’ (Paeonia Ostii T. Hong et J. X. Zhang)

and

| Jul 02, 2020

Journal of Apicultural Science

Volume 64 (2020): Issue 1 (June 2020)

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Published Online: Jul 02, 2020

Page range: 131 - 142

Received: Oct 17, 2019

Accepted: Apr 22, 2020

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jas-2020-0014

Keywords
foraging behavior, oil peony, oil quality, pollination ecology, seed production

© 2020 Erica G. Lima et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Pollination net rooms built at the oil tree peony base. A. oil tree peony base; B. the net house for the bee pollination treatment (45 m×8 m), which is equally divided into three net rooms; C. the net house without pollinating insects; D. plane graph of the pollination experiment. FC, natural field control; HP, honeybee pollination; BP, ground bumblebee pollination; BC, blank control (without pollinating insects).

The foraging behavior parameters of honeybees and ground bumblebees on oil tree peony flowers.A. number of flowers visited per minute. B. single-flower visit time. C. flower visit interval. D. number of single-flower visits.Note: The data in the figure are the means ± standard errors. *P<0.05 and **P<0.001 according to an independent-samples t test.

The stigma contact ratios of honeybees and ground bumblebees. The upper limit of the rectangle is the 75th percentile of the data, the lower limit is the 25th percentile, and the middle line is the 50th percentile. The vertical length of the rectangle represents the quartile range, and the solid squares (points) are the observed values.

The daily activity of honeybees (A) and ground bumblebees (B) on oil tree peony (the Y-axis on the left shows the number of flowers visited by honeybees, and the Y-axis on the right shows the air temperature in consecutive hours of observation)

Peony seed oil components (in %) obtained under different pollination treatments (mean±SE; SE – standard error)

Component	A. mellifera	B. terrestris	Pollination without insects	Field plot
Palmitic acid	5.98±0.07^a	5.93±0.02^a	6.00±0.04^a	6.00±0.04^a
Stearic acid	2.12±0.02^a	2.16±0.02^a	2.23±0.01^a	2.18±0.02^a
Oleinic acid	22.9±0.15^a	23.4±0.02^a	23.4±0.00^a	23.9±0.10^a
Linoleic acid	24.37±0.23^a	23.5±0.38^a	22.7±0.10^a	23.2±0.00^a
α-Linolenic acid	43.97±0.39^a	44.37±0.09^a	44.3±0.10^a	44.2±0.00^a
Unsaturated fatty acids	91.34±0.06^a	91.53±0.58^a	91.66±0.00^a	91.56±0.11^a

Effect of pollination by honeybees and ground bumblebees on the yield parameters and quality of oil tree peony (SE - standard error, n - number of samples)

Measurement index	A. mellifera (mean±SE (n))	B. terrestris (mean±SE (n))	Pollination without insects (mean±SE (n))	Field plot (mean±SE (n))
Number of fruits per plant	11.23±0.30 (311)^a	10.51±0.27 (296)^a	9.61±0.46 (90)^b	10.95±0.50 (96)^a
Number of seeds per follicle	36.44±0.55 (869)^a	24.99±0.62 (866)^b	15.92±0.36 (863)^d	18.88±0.35 (866)^c
Seed weight per follicle (g)	8.90±0.25 (872)^a	7.45±0.24 (974)^b	4.69±0.10 (865)^d	5.25±0.14 (867)^c
Number of seeds per plant	414.93±21.04 (98)^a	281.46±15.93 (95)^b	204.58±10.29 (90)^c	152.34±10.48 (97)^c
Seed weight per plant (g)	102.42±5.91 (98)^a	75.57±4.13 (95)^b	45.06±3.03 (90)^d	57.30±2.96 (97)^c
Kernel percentage (%)	66.92±0.002 (9)^a	66.47±0.001 (9)^a	66.13±0.002 (3)^a	65.59±0.002 (3)^a
Oil yield rate (%)	22.03±0.25 (9)^a	21.72±0.33 (9)^a	20.67±0.60 (3)^a	21.10±0.31 (3)^a

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Foraging Behavior of Honeybees (Apis Mellifera L.) and Ground Bumblebees (Bombus Terrestris L.) and its Influence on Seed Yield and Oil Quality of Oil Tree Peony Cultivar ‘Fengdan’ (Paeonia Ostii T. Hong et J. X. Zhang)

Article Category: Original Article

Published Online: Jul 02, 2020

Page range: 131 - 142

Received: Oct 17, 2019

Accepted: Apr 22, 2020

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jas-2020-0014

Keywords
foraging behavior, oil peony, oil quality, pollination ecology, seed production

© 2020 Erica G. Lima et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Fig. 4

Peony seed oil components (in %) obtained under different pollination treatments (mean±SE; SE – standard error)

Effect of pollination by honeybees and ground bumblebees on the yield parameters and quality of oil tree peony (SE - standard error, n - number of samples)

Foraging Behavior of Honeybees (Apis Mellifera L.) and Ground Bumblebees (Bombus Terrestris L.) and its Influence on Seed Yield and Oil Quality of Oil Tree Peony Cultivar ‘Fengdan’ (Paeonia Ostii T. Hong et J. X. Zhang)

Article Category: Original Article

Published Online: Jul 02, 2020

Page range: 131 - 142

Received: Oct 17, 2019

Accepted: Apr 22, 2020

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jas-2020-0014

Keywordsforaging behavior, oil peony, oil quality, pollination ecology, seed production

© 2020 Erica G. Lima et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Fig. 4

Peony seed oil components (in %) obtained under different pollination treatments (mean±SE; SE – standard error)

Effect of pollination by honeybees and ground bumblebees on the yield parameters and quality of oil tree peony (SE - standard error, n - number of samples)

Keywords
foraging behavior, oil peony, oil quality, pollination ecology, seed production